高中定語(yǔ)從句what
高中定語(yǔ)從句what
1）of what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，可以變成that或who,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
A)
Based on this dream, Mary wrote the draft of what is now chapter 13 of the book.
依據(jù)這個(gè)夢(mèng)，Mary寫(xiě)了這本書(shū)第十三章的草稿。
這個(gè)句子可以變成定語(yǔ)從句，用that或which 代替of what
Based on this dream, Mary wrote the draft that is now chapter 13 of the book.
Based on this dream, Mary wrote the draft which is now chapter 13 of the book.
B）
He is not the person of what we are looking for. 這個(gè)是介詞賓語(yǔ)從句，變成定語(yǔ)就是of what 變成who/that/whom或什么都不加。
He is not the person that we are looking for.
He is not the person who we are looking for.
He is not the person whom we are looking for.
He is not the person we are looking for.
2）what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句有兩種意思。
A）一種是什么。
I wonder what he is hiding.
我想知道他在隱藏什么。
She does not know what is romance.
她不知道什么是浪漫
She has never so badly wanted to know what her mother has been avoiding?
她從來(lái)沒(méi)有如此強(qiáng)烈的想知道她的媽媽一直在逃避什么。
B）what的另外一個(gè)意思是...的，相當(dāng)于the thing/ all that 的定語(yǔ)從句。
He does not give me what I always long for.
他沒(méi)有給我我一直渴望的。
這里的what 可以變成the thing that，（that可以省略）/, all that
He does not give me the thing （that ）I always long for.這個(gè)就是定語(yǔ)從句，the thing 是先行詞
He does not give me all (that ) I always long for.
all是先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句。
What能引導(dǎo)的特殊定語(yǔ)從句
對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句這一塊，大部分同學(xué)對(duì)于基本的which, who, that引導(dǎo)的從句并不陌生，但是對(duì)于what這個(gè)詞，大部分老師都會(huì)說(shuō)what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。只能說(shuō)它不是一般的定從，而是一個(gè)先行詞和關(guān)系代詞的`結(jié)合體，因此關(guān)于what引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，前面本身都不應(yīng)該再出現(xiàn)先行詞。換句話說(shuō)，如果句中已有先行詞，就一定不能用what引導(dǎo)。比如錯(cuò)句：You can have everything what you like. 這里中what該詞前已經(jīng)有了先行詞everything，所以不能用what引導(dǎo)。
另一句：Those activities became what he calls “electronic heroin”。這句中what在從句中作謂語(yǔ)calls的賓語(yǔ)，或者更具體的是充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，而這個(gè)what相當(dāng)于the activities that，即一個(gè)先行詞和關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)合體。但是另從結(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)說(shuō)，what從句是充當(dāng)became的表語(yǔ)，也就是相當(dāng)于名詞從句中的表語(yǔ)從句。所以該句既可看做是what引導(dǎo)的特殊定語(yǔ)從句，又可充當(dāng)名詞性從句。
關(guān)于what的先行詞，它的作用類(lèi)似于that，既可指物，又可指人。What都是單獨(dú)使用的，即其后沒(méi)有接名詞連用。在06年閱讀第三篇中有這么一句話：Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught.后面這句話中that是該句的主語(yǔ)，means 是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞， 其后有一個(gè)省略了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為is being caught. 主語(yǔ)為a higher proportion of what is in the sea, 其中what is in the sea是做of的賓語(yǔ)，而不是what這個(gè)詞做of的賓語(yǔ)，這里what前沒(méi)有先行詞，且what用來(lái)指物。所以what is in the sea翻譯成海洋生物，整句就變成了”那就意味著更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕撈。”
另外what如果后面接的是名詞的話，那就意味著what類(lèi)似于做定從中的關(guān)系形容詞，翻譯成“所有的……，盡可能多的……”。如：The accident completely wiped out what little sight he had left. 這次事故讓他僅有的一點(diǎn)視力也喪失了。
【高中定語(yǔ)從句what】相關(guān)文章：
定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-26
定語(yǔ)從句的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-26
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句習(xí)題09-20
初中定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-26
定語(yǔ)從句講解教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-26
定語(yǔ)從句初中教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-26
定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-27
備考GMAT語(yǔ)法：what從句10-11