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定語從句關系副詞的用法
定語從句,是我們在英語的學習過程當中會遇到的一種語法知識點,那么你知道關系副詞的用法嗎?以下是小編為你整理的定語從句關系副詞的用法,希望對你有所幫助,祝你學習進步!
定語從句關系副詞的用法1
關系副詞when的用法
when 既可引導限制性定語從句,又可引導非限制性定語從句。先行詞是時間名詞,在從句中充當時間狀語,相當于“介詞+which”。如:
Can you tell me the time when the film will start?—Can you tell me the time at which the film will start? 請告訴我電影什么時候開始好嗎?(限制性定語從句)
I will never forget the day, when I joined the Party.—I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Party. 我入黨的那一天,我永遠不會忘記。(非限制性定語從句)
關系副詞where的用法
where既可引導限制性定語從句,又可引導非限制性定語從句。先行詞是地點名詞,在從句中充當地點狀語,相當于:“介詞+which”。如:
This is the school where I studied a few years ago.—This is the school in which I studied a few years ago. 這就是我幾年前所在讀書的學校。(from www.yygrammar.com)
Let’s go to the concert, where you will find much fun.—Let’s go to the concert, in which you will find much fun. 我們去音樂演唱會吧,在那里你會找到很大的樂趣。
關系副詞why的用法
why只能引導限制性定語從句,先行詞只有reason一詞,在從句中充當原因狀語,相當于:“for + which”。如:
Do you know the reason why he is not here now?—Do you know the reason for which he is not here now?你知道他還沒有來這兒的原因嗎?
關系副詞that的用法
that只能引導限制性定語從句,充當關系副詞時,其作用相當于:“介詞+關系代詞”,在從句中充當時間、地點、方式、原因狀語等。如:
1.在定語從句中作時間狀語。現行詞有:each time, every time, anytime, the first time, the moment, the minute, the hour, etc. 但現代英語中,that往往省略。如:
Each time (that) I meet him, he will smile and say“hello”. 每次我會見他時,他都會笑著說“喂,你好!”
2.在定語從句中作方式狀語, 現行詞是way, 如:
Can you show me the way (that) you solve the problem like this?請告訴我你解決這類問題的方法好嗎?
3.在定語從句中作原因狀語,現行詞只有reason一詞,如:
I don’t know the reason (that) he has left school now. 我不知道他輟學的原因。
4.在定語從句中做其他狀語,現行詞如price, speed等,如:
I think the price (that) she sells her apple is too high. (that = at which) 我認為她賣蘋果的價格太高。
定語從句關系副詞的用法2
1.when的用法
when代替的'先行詞是表示時間的名詞,在定語從句中作時間狀語。when往往可以由介詞+which代替。
Can you tell me the time when the film will start? 你能告訴我電影什么時候開始嗎?
Can you tell me the time at which the film will start?
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. 金斑蝶驚人能力之謎的謎底在它陷入嚴重困境之際揭曉。
(when可以用during which代替)
2.where的用法
where代替的先行詞是表地點的名詞,在定語從句中作地點狀語。where往往可以由介詞+which代替。
Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 最終,它設法到達了過冬的地方。(where可以由in which代替)
They were welcomed to the Chinese-style compound where they were to live. 他們受到了歡迎,住在中國式的大院里。(新外研版必修一)(where可以由in which代替)
where的先行詞也可以是一些類似于地點的抽象名詞,例如,case(情況,案例),situation(情況,形勢,境遇),degree(程度),point(時刻,階段),job(工作),career(事業),family(家庭)等。
We have reached a point where a change is really needed. 我們已經到了一個真正需要改變的時刻。
I don’t want a job where I’m always ordered to do the work all day. 我不想要一份總是被命令整天干活的工作。
We have got into a situation where we were supposed to make a decision immediately. 我們陷入了一種應該立即做出決定的境地。
All the neighbors admire this family where the parents are treating their child like a friend. 所有的鄰居都很羨慕這個家庭,他們的父母像對待朋友一樣對待他們的孩子。
3.why的用法
why代替的先行詞通常是the reason,在定語從句中作原因狀語。
Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. 可悲的是,人類活動是黑脈金斑蝶數量下降的主要原因。
And of course, the main reason why they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute. 當然,他們如此興奮的主要原因是熊貓太可愛了。
4.關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇
在定語從句中是選擇關系代詞還是關系副詞,取決于定語從句中缺少什么成分,如果缺少主語,賓語,表語,定語,需選擇關系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose,as等);如果缺少狀語,需選擇關系副詞(when,where,why)
I will never forget the days when we stayed in the countryside. 我永遠不會忘記我們在農村度過的日子。(定語從句中缺少時間狀語)
I will never forget the days that /which we spenttogether. 我永遠不會忘記我們一起度過的日子。(定語從句中缺少spent的賓語)
That was the reason why he was late. 那就是他遲到的原因。(定語從句中缺少原因狀語)
The reason that you gave us was not reasonable. 你給我們的理由不合理。(定語從句中缺少賓語)
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