高中定語從句易錯題

　　定語從句在歷年的高考英語中,無論是在全國卷還是地方卷,定語從句幾乎年年都有，下面是小編為大家收集整理的高中定語從句易錯題相關內容，歡迎閱讀。

　　高中定語從句易錯題

　　■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

　　A. which was   B. itwas

　　C. which were   D. themwere

　　【易錯】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的which 和 it 誤認為是其后句子的主語。

　　【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應用復數were，而不是用單數 was。請做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：

　　(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around_______ some fruit shops.

　　A. which is   B. it is

　　C. which are   D.them are

　　(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside______ the city police station.

　　A. which are   B.it is

　　C. which is   D. them are

　　(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to_______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

　　A. which are   B.it is

　　C. which is   D.them are

　　■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospitalaround ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

　　A. that    B. which

　　C. where    D. what

　　【易錯】容易誤選 B，認為 around 是介詞，選which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。

　　【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個醫院，我在它的'附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理，因為人們通常是在醫院里面治傷，而不是在醫院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫院，我可以去治我的手傷？

　　■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth onceevery month.

　　A. It    B.As

　　C. That    D.What

　　【易錯】容易誤選 A，認為此處應填一個形式主語。

　　【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題：

　　_______ is known to everybody that the moon travelsround the earth once every month.

　　A. It    B. As

　　C. That    D. What

　　此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的 that從句。

　　再比較下面一組題，其中第(1)題選 B，第(2)題選 D：

　　(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of thestudents in senior school is increasing.

　　A. Which    B.As

　　C. That    D. It

　　(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of thestudents in senior school is increasing.

　　A. Which    B. As

　　C. That    D. It

　　■ David is such a good boy _______ all theteachers like.

　　A.that    B.who

　　C.as    D.whom

　　【易錯】此題容易誤選A，許多同學一看到題干中的such，再聯系到選項中的 that，便認為這是考查such … that …句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。

　　【分析】最佳答案為C，不是A，因為在such… that … (如此……以至……)結構中，that 引導的是結果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關系代詞，用以引導定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時 as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like的賓語，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學可能還會問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that視為引導定語從句的關系代詞呢？不能，因為當先行詞受到 such的修飾時，其后的定語從句應用關系代詞 as 來引導，而不用that。比較下面一題，答案為A，因為 like 后有自己的賓語 him：

　　David is such a good boy_______ all the teachers like him.

　　A. that    B.who

　　C. as    D.whom

　　請再做以下試題（答案選D）：

　　It was not such a gooddinner _______ she had promised us.

　　A. like    B.that

　　C. which    D.as

　　■ The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by anangry crowd.

　　A. that    B.it

　　C. them    D.which

　　【易錯】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指the buses。

　　【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句，修飾 the buses。類似地，以下各題也選D：

　　(1) His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is nowworth $50, 000.

　　A. that    B.it

　　C. them    D. which

　　(2) Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll bedriving, isn’t a forest any longer.

　　A. that    B.it

　　C. them    D. which

　　(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I satreading the paper.

　　A. that    B. it

　　C. them    D. which

　　類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：

　　(4) George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays,was a warm-hearted person.

　　A. that    B. him

　　C. them    D. whom

　　(5) Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will comeback home this summer.

　　A. that    B. who

　　C. them    D. whom

　　(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ werestill university students.

　　A. that    B. who

　　C. them    D.whom

　　■ He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great successin their own field.

　　A. whom    B.them

　　C. which    D. who

　　【易錯】容易誤選 B，用 them 代指students。

　　【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success intheir own field 為非限制性定語從句。假若在manyof… 的前面加上連詞and，則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A)：

　　(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ waseasy to answer.

　　A. which    B.them

　　C. what    D. that

　　(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______was easy to answer.

　　A. them    B.which

　　C. what    D. that

　　(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neitherof _______ knew anything about the other.

　　A. whom    B.them

　　C. which    D.who

　　(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, andneither of _______ knew anything about the other.

　　A. them    B. whom

　　C. which    D. who

　　■ He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to hiswedding.

　　A. whom    B. them

　　C. which    D. who

　　【易錯】容易誤選 A，認為這是非限制性定語從句。

　　【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結構，因為空格后的動詞invited 并不是一個完整的謂語，而是一個過去分詞。當然，假若在invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個非限制性定語從句，答案便應選A。比較：

　　(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,none of _______ carried out in their work.

　　A. which    B. them

　　C. what    D. that

　　答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨立主格結構，其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。

　　(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,none of _______ were carried out in their work.

　　A. which    B. them

　　C. what    D.that

　　答案選A，none of them were carried out in theirwork 是非限制性定語從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞were。

　　(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,but none of _______ were carried out in their work.

　　A. which    B. them

　　C. what    D. that

　　答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個并列句

　　On Sundays therewere a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated togetherjoking.

　　A. their    B.whose

　　C. which    D.that

　　【易錯】容易誤選B，認為這是非限制性定語從句。

　　【分析】最佳答案是A。與上面一題相似，their parents seated togetherjoking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結構，因為空格后的動詞seated 不是謂語，而是一個過去分詞，因為 seat作動詞用時，是及物動詞。比較以下相似題：

　　(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.

　　A. their    B. whose

　　C. which    D.that

　　選B。whose parents were seated togetherjoking 為非限制性定語從句，因為其后有完整的謂語 wereseated。

　　(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.

　　A. their    B. whose

　　C. which    D.that

　　選A。因為句中有并列連詞and，整個句子為并列句。

　　(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.

　　A. their    B. whose

　　C. which    D. that

　　選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結構。

　　(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents sat together joking.

　　A. their    B. whose

　　C. which    D. that

　　選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 sat。

　　(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.

　　A. their    B. whose

　　C. which    D.that

　　選B。whose parents were sitting togetherjoking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 weresitting。

　　■ If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows howshallow he is.

　　A. as    B.which

　　C. what    D.that

　　【易錯】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語從句。

　　【分析】正確答案為D，注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句，逗號后是該狀語從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語。

　　延伸閱讀：定語從句答題技巧

　　1.正確識別定語從句及其先行詞；

　　2.識別定語從句中動詞短語與主句謂語動詞的關系；

　　3.根據時間狀語及隱含的時間判斷謂語動詞的時態形式。

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