小學英語語法-時態篇

　　上學的時候，大家對知識點應該都不陌生吧？知識點就是學習的重點。為了幫助大家更高效的學習，以下是小編為大家收集的小學英語語法-時態篇，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。

　　小學英語語法-時態篇 1

　　一般過去時態

　　（a） be 動詞的過去式:

　　I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….

　　一般疑問句was, were 放在句首。

　　（b） 動詞過去式：

　　肯定句： I watched cartoons.

　　She visited the zoo.

　　一般疑問句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.

　　Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn't.

　　否定句： They didn't go the the part yesterday.

　　He didn't make model ships last week.

　　一般現在時

　　通常用 "usually, often, every day, sometimes"。

　　肯定句：

　　I go to school on foot every day.

　　She goes to school on foot every day.

　　一般疑問句:

　　Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

　　Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

　　否定句： We don't go to school on Sundays.

　　My mother doesn't like watching TV in the evening.

　　一般將來時

　　一般將來時主要用于：

　　表示將要發生的動作或情況

　　e.g. Tom will have a bike of his own.

　　與這個時態連用的時間狀語常用：

　　tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。

　　一般將來時態與其它結構表將來情況的區別：

　　一般將來時態 ：主要從時間的角度表將要發生的動作或情況。

　　be going to 結構 ：①表（主觀上）打算或準備做某事時。 ②表有發生某事的預兆時。

　　e.g. They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.

　　據以上區別，故下面一句是錯的：

　　I am going to be eighteen years old next year.

　　應改為： I shall be eighteen years old next year.

　　be about to do sth 結構 ：意為"剛要做某事"、"馬上要做某事"強調時間之緊迫性。

　　e.g. We are about to discuss this problem.

　　一般過去時現在完成時

　　一般過去時現在完成時主要用于：

　　1 、表示到現在為止這一時期中發生的動作或情況，即多次動作的總和。

　　e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month.

　　How many times have you read the novel?

　　For many days we haven`t seen each other.

　　2 、表示對現在有影響的某一已發生的動作。

　　e.g. The delegation has left 代表團已經走了（說明現在不在這里）

　　Look, what you have done. 看你干的事。

　　與這一時態連用的.時間狀語有：

　　already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短語，連詞 since 引導的時間狀語從句。

　　一般過去時與現在完成時的區別：

　　一般過去時：重在說明動作在過去發生時的具體情況（時間、地點、方式、對象、細節等）。

　　現在完成時：只提起已發生的動作（事實）及其影響，不說明動作發生時的具體情況。

　　cf. Have you had your lunch?

　　What did you have for lunch?

　　I have ever been to the Great Wall,_and_I went there last summer with my father.

　　注：現在完成時表達的動作常具有反復性，故下面一句是錯的：

　　Have you seen the six thirty`s news program?

　　應改為：

　　Did you see the six thirty`s news program?

　　一般過去時

　　一般過去時主要用于：

　　1 、表示過去某個時間發生的動作或情況（包括習慣性的動作或狀態）

　　e.g. When did you read the novel?

　　She often came to help us in those days.

　　2 、談到過去的情況時

　　e.g. I didn`t know you were so busy.

　　3 、談到已死人的情況時

　　e.g. Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.

　　與這個時態連用的時間狀語常有：

　　yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now,

　　when, after, as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句，表示主句動作開始的時間。

　　小學英語語法-時態篇 2

　　一般過去式：

　　表示過去發生的動作或事件， 常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,

　　含有be動詞的句子， 將動詞變為過去式，am, is的過去式為was，are的過去式為were

　　I was at the butcher's.

　　You were a student a year ago.

　　The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.

　　★變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首

　　Were you at the butcher's?

　　Were you a student a year ago?

　　Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?

　　★變否定句在be動詞后面加not

　　I was not at the butcher's.

　　You were not a student a year ago.

　　The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.

　　★肯定回答否定回答

　　Yes, I was. No, I was not.

　　Yes, you were. No, you were not.

　　Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.

　　★特殊疑問句：

　　What did you do?

　　(必背)

　　不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變為過去式

　　I finished my homework yesterday.

　　The boy went to a restaurant.

　　The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.

　　★變疑問句在句首加did， 動詞變為原型

　　Did you finish your homework yesterday?

　　Did the boy go to a restaurant?

　　Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?

　　★變否定句在主語和動詞之間加did not

　　I did not finish my homework yesterday.

　　The boy did not go to a restaurant.

　　The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.

　　★肯定回答及否定回答

　　Yes, I did. No, I didn't.

　　Yes, he did. No, he didn't.

　　Yes, they did. No, they did not.

　　現在完成時

　　構成：主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞

　　用法：

　　2) 表示過去發生的'和現在有某種聯系的動作，常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用

　　I have just had lunch. (飽了，不用再吃了)

　　He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)

　　They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

　　The boy has already read the book. (已經知道書的內容了，不用再看了)

　　3) 詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現在完成時：

　　Have you finished your homework?

　　Have you been to Beijing?

　　Have he seen the film?

　　4) 表示開始于過去并持續到現在的動作

　　I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

　　I have worked for this school for 1 year.

　　5) 表示一種經歷，經驗：去過…地方，做過…事情，經歷過…事情

　　I have never had a bath.

　　I have never seen a film.

　　I have never been to cinema.

　　I have ever been to Paris.

　　Have been to表示去過，have gone to 表示去了

　　I have been to London.(人已經回來)

　　He has gone to London.(人還在那里)

　　6) 表示一種結果， 一般不和時間副詞聯用

　　I have lost my pen.

　　I have hurt myself.

　　He has become a teacher.

　　She has broken my heart.

　　句型變化：

　　★變疑問句將助動詞移到句首，變否定句在助動詞后面加not.

　　e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

　　★肯定回答及否定回答

　　Yes, I have. No, I have not.

　　★特殊疑問句：

　　What have you done?

　　What has he done?

　　一般過去時與現在完成時的區別：

　　凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時

　　注意：有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點，不能再延續，因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用

　　錯：I've left Beijing for 3 days.

　　對：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.

　　現在進行時：

　　表示現在正在進行的動作。

　　構成：主語+be動詞+動詞的現在分詞+其它成分

　　We are having lunch.

　　He is reading a book.

　　The dog is running after a cat.

　　The boys are swimming across the river.

　　★變疑問句將be動詞移到句首

　　Are we having lunch?

　　Is he reading a book?

　　Is the dog running after a cat?

　　Are the boys swimming across the river?

　　★變否定句在be動詞后面加 not

　　We are not having lunch.

　　He is not reading a book.

　　The dog is not running after a cat.

　　The boys are swimming across the river.

　　★特殊疑問句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.

　　疑問詞+動詞+主語+現在分詞

　　What are you doing?

　　What is she doing?

　　What is the dog doing?

　　沒有進行時的動詞(必背)

　　表示狀態，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作

　　1. 表示感覺，感官的詞

　　see, hear, like, love, want,

　　2. have, has當”擁有”講時沒有進行時

　　一般將來時：

　　表示將來將要發生的動作， 經常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc. 表示將來的詞聯用。

　　結構：主語+助動詞will+動詞原形

　　I will go to America tomorrow.

　　The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.

　　Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.

　　★變疑問句將助動詞移到句首

　　Will you go to America tomorrow?

　　Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?

　　Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?

　　★變否定句在助動詞后面加not

　　I will not go to America tomorrow.

　　The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.

　　Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.

　　★肯定回答及否定回答

　　Yes, I will. / No, I will not.

　　Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.

　　Yes, he will. / No, he will not.

　　★特殊疑問句

　　What will you do?

　　一般現在時：

　　表 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用。時間狀語：every, sometimes, at, on Sunday， I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

　　結構：(1) be型：句子的謂語動詞只有be(am，is或are)：

　　a. 肯定句中，只出現be，如：I am a student.我是一名學生。

　　b.否定句中，要在be后面加not，如：She isn't a teacher.她不是教師。

　　c. 一般疑問句，要將be放在句子開頭(注意句首字母大寫)，句尾用問號，答語用Yes，主語+be.或No，主語+be+not.如：

　　—Are you ready?—你準備好了嗎? —Yes，I am.—是的，我準備好了。

　　(—No，I'm not.—不，我沒準備好。)

　　(2) 實義動詞型：句中的謂語動詞為實義動詞(也叫行為動詞)：

　　a. 肯定句中，只出現實義動詞，如：

　　I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。

　　b. 否定句中，要在實義動詞前面加do(does)+not，do(does)作助動詞，本身無意義，常與not縮寫成don't(doesn't)，如：

　　I don't like vegetables.我不喜歡蔬菜。

　　c. 一般疑問句，要在句子開頭加助動詞Do(does)，句尾用問號，簡略答語用Yes，主語+do(does).或No，主語+do(does)+not.如：

　　—Do you like oranges?—你喜歡桔子嗎?

　　—Yes，I do.—是的，我喜歡。

　　(—No，I don't.—不，我不喜歡。)

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