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考研英語二例證題的解題步驟及方法

　　考研英語沖刺復習的時候，閱讀要注重對解題方法和技巧的研究。小編為大家精心準備了考研英語二例證題的解題方法和秘訣，歡迎大家前來閱讀。

考研英語二例證題的解題步驟及方法

　　考研英語二例證題的解題攻略和技巧

　　【解題方法】題干定位+找出論點

　　【解題步驟】

　　1.題干定位

　　返回原文，找出該例證出現的地方，即給該例證定位。

　　2.找出論點

　　搜索該例證周圍的區域，找出例證支持的觀點。其中觀點一般出現在例子前面，但是例子如果出現在文章開頭，那該例子是為了引出論點，所以論點在例子之后出現。注意：舉例的目的是為了支持論點或是為了說明主題句，所以在找論點時要找與事例或是論據相關的抽象概括句子。

　　3.匹配選項

　　【例題】2013年 Text 1 Q.21.

　　【解題步驟應用】

　　1.題干定位

　　根據題干關鍵詞the joke定位到首段第一句。

　　2.找出論點

　　例子在文章開頭出現，論點在例子之后出現，第一段為例子，所以在第二段當中找論點。第二段當中出現the point表示觀點，所以該例子論證的觀點就是the point后的that引導的同位語從句的內容，the reason……is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution…，意思是"…的原因其實也是由于全球化和信息技術革命發展……"

　　3.匹配選項

　　A選項technological advances對應原文觀點句當中the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution，the impact對應because，所以正確選項為A。

　　考研英語二段落排序題解題步驟及方法

　　段落排序題

　　段落排序題仍然是今年的備考重點，全部做對該題目的可能性微乎其微，所以就需要講究方法，在考場上多快好省的確保拿到6～8分。拿分要領為：答對首段(如果沒有給)和第二段，以及已知段后面的一段，即對2-3個，剩下的，不要做了，直接選一個肯定入選但不確定排哪里的答案。

　　【解題步驟】

　　1.閱讀已經固定的段落

　　如果固定段落是首末段，那么通過閱讀首末段就可以得知整個文章的主旨大意，還要注意將已經確定的兩個選項從卷子上劃去，防止引起不必要的混亂;如果是首段+中間段，那也可以知道大意和文章部分內容信息。

　　但是，如果首段沒有要先選出首段。 2.如何選首段首段的特點： 1)首句不含有代詞，不含有總結性、過渡性詞(轉折、因果、順延等) 2)一般不含有最高級、第一或最后意思的詞語，因為首段沒有比較的對象。 3.閱讀選項，尤其是首尾句。給段落作初步的位置預知和組塊考生做不到一次性排出來，能排出來的'就排，一時定不了的，做如下工作： 1)位置預知：含so, conclude等表示結束的詞，可能作為尾段。但是也要警惕未必，總之還是要綜合看。

　　2)組塊：

　　有些段一看就覺得應該一個前一個后，比如A段末提到... there are two branches.F段末提到了，the first one is...。那么A和F就屬于明顯的總分關系，應該前后連貫。

　　例如2010年的E段末出現了

　　[E]... at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.而A段開頭則是

　　[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out: consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about...

　　所以明顯的順序是E >A。

　　3)精確排列各個段落的順序，利用其它關聯詞進行驗證。

　　【例題】2014年

　　Directions:

　　The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A and E have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable - for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.

　　[B] In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacán in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city's vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

　　[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.

　　[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copán collapsed.

　　[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.

　　[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers' stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans's interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knosós), on the island of Crete, in 1900.

　　[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two- and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.

　　41. → A → 42. → E → 43. → 44. → 45.

　　【解題步驟】

　　1.精讀首段：

　　本題沒有給出首段，需要考生先判斷。具體方法要根據下步每段開頭的關鍵詞而定。

　　2.通讀段首尾，模塊組合+位置預知。

　　根據上述的八大方法，找出各個段落段首/尾的關聯詞，具體分布為：

　　[A] Some archaeological sites

　　[B] In another case(明顯代詞+名詞)

　　[C] How.....?

　　[D] ... in one case

　　[E] ...find their sites....

　　[F] most archaeological sites, however

　　根據如上的關鍵詞，考生首先能判斷出來的是D和B的關系，根據代詞應該是D>B。根據題干的矩陣41. → A → 42. → E → 43. → 44. → 45.

　　D>B肯定不能讓在41或者42，肯定是43，44,45中的兩個。因此首段的可能性只能是C和G中的一個。而C句首又是明顯的用特殊疑問句提出問題，符合首段的特點。

　　D和B的特點是one和another的代詞關系發生連貫。類似的連貫詞還有one-the other,其復數形式是some - others，同樣some和others會有些類似的同義詞替換。根據這個原理，A和F也是前后關聯A>F。因此42選F。

　　最后三個空。E的開頭提到了on systematic survey，各種研究調查。E的段落也提到了Aerial surveys(航空研究，空中研究)而G的開頭則提到了ground survey(地面研究)，正好是總分關系，所以順序為E>G。因為43-45是GDB。所以答案為

　　CFGDB

　　考研英語完型沖刺的復習技巧

　　技巧一

　　選項里面有任何修辭意義的詞匯，基本上就是正確答案。我們用角色互換的感覺去體會出題人的用意，就不難理解，即可確認答案也可做驗證。同時，考生們也可積極尋找和思考其他沒有出題處的類似情況。

　　技巧二

　　考研完型在“填空”的時候，切忌用中文的“搭配”去感覺，也就是所謂三大出題伎倆之一的“中文代入”。要思考英語的搭配，不要死記，要理解和搜集。

　　技巧三

　　某些選項的單詞在歷史上累計出現過3次或是很多，比如：“about”“at”“if only”“if”“now that”“restrict”“provided”“similar”“since”“stimulate”“unless”“what”，但是從來都不作為正確答案出現，只是作為“綠葉”點綴。

　　技巧四

　　“主系表”結構的應用。考研完型填空里面對于“主系表”結構的考查僅僅局限于下列兩種：修飾關系和等號關系。如果考生清楚這種關系以及判斷這些關系的技巧，可以輕松拿到0.8分這樣的分數。

　　技巧五

　　“前后夾擊”。考研完型填空里面名詞、動詞、形容詞，這些實詞的考點往往被給出明確的線索，存在于改填空的前后，對該填空進行“夾擊”(名詞前面adj。后面從句;形容詞前面adv。后面n.;動詞前面主語后面賓語等等)指示，考生如果能夠判斷出夾擊的關鍵而又是少量的信息，可以保證題目完全做對。

　　技巧六

　　“態度一致”。考研完型填空文章通常“完美”，通篇作者態度一致，從一個高度去指導整個行文。有些題目沒有具體線索可以找到時，可以從作者態度去判斷答案。在最近幾年比較多見，尤其是最開頭的題目，遇到也不要害怕。

　　技巧七

　　“of”結構。考研完型填空里面對于“of”的考查僅僅局限于下列3種：最基本的所屬關系;把抽象n。變成它的adj。形式;寫作也同樣適用動賓關系。如果考生弄清楚這3種關系以及判斷這些關系的技巧，可以輕松拿到分數。

　　技巧八

　　如出現陌生的選項詞匯，這里注意，兩個原則，選擇相對簡單的詞匯，不要選擇偏的怪的詞匯。請猜測：[A] support [B] cry [C]plea [D] wish。必須是選擇B。再請猜測：[A] broadly [B] thoroughly[C] generally [D] completely。必須是選擇D。

　　技巧九

　　新題型之段落重排。注意：

　　1.答案存在巨大的疊加性和放大性。一損俱損，一榮俱榮。所以筆者個人最不喜歡，有爭議。也不是考查“英語”!

　　2.時間分配。要給予前2/3小題足夠的時間，后面的幾個題是水到渠成。

　　3.迷惑點。通常在于可能引起你“排序”感覺的詞匯，比如時間點、代詞指代等。

　　技巧十

　　新題型之匹配題。根本不是考查“閱讀”，因為完全可以分段、分裂得去做題。在此注意：

　　1.文章冗長。無用信息肯定很多，時間上面避免前松后緊。或是，前緊后也緊。

　　2.標題特點。小而簡潔、吸引力和夸張。

　　3.濃縮信息的重要性。

　　4.迷惑內容的安排和特點。

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