主語動(dòng)詞賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語,主語及物動(dòng)詞賓語主語及物動(dòng)詞賓語,主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主語及物動(dòng)詞賓語,常見錯(cuò)誤分析動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的主語時(shí)只能使用其或的形式,動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的主語或賓語時(shí)只能使用其或的形
句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)答案
KEYS
分析下列句子成分
1.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語3.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語
5.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語+賓語
7.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語
9.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語
11.主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語13.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語足語
15.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語足語
17.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語賓語
19.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞21.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語
23.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語25.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語
27.主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語賓語
29.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語足語
翻譯練習(xí):
主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞)
1Youshouldstudyhard.
2Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.3Thatmorningwetalkedagreatdeal.4Themeetingwilllasttwohours.
2.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語4.主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接6.主語+動(dòng)詞+形式賓語it+8.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語
10.主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接12主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語
14.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)16.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)18.主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接20.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞
22.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語
24.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞26.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞
28.主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接30.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)
5Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.6Thingsofthatsortarehappeningallovertheworldeveryday.7TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.8Classesbeginateighteveryday.9Thisboxweighsfivekilos.
10IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.
主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語)
1.Iwrotealetterlastnight.
2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.
4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.
5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.6.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.7.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.8.Jimcannotdrehimself.
9.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.10.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.
主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+系動(dòng)詞+主語補(bǔ)語)
1Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.2Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.4Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5Children,keepquietplease.6ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.7Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.8Heisoutofwork.9Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.10Thereportsoundsinteresting.
雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語)
1MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.
2Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.3Maryhandedthewallettotheschoolmaster.4Wouldyoupleasepamethedictionary?5Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.
6ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.7Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.8RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.
9Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?
10ShallIcallyouataxi?
復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)語)
1WecallherAlice.2HisparentsnamedhimJohn.
3Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4Theypushedthedooropen.
5Theyhavesetthethieffree.6Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.7Heaskedustojoininthegame.8Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.
9Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.10TomorrowI’llhavesomeonerepairthemachine.
11EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.12Thepainmadehimcryout.13Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.14Hehashishaircutonceamonth.
15I’llgetmyrecordermended.16Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.17Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.18heboyswerewatchingthesoldiersdrilling.
19Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.20Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.21Ithinkitmorecomfortabletogotherebyship.
22Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.
23Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclabegins.
24Ithoughtitnousetalkingwiththatman
Therebe句型
1Thereisn’tgoingtobeameetingtonight.
2Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.
3Thereis(are)ateacherofmusicandateacherofartintheschool.
4AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.
5Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.6
6Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneiontheoffice.
7Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.
8Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.
9Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.
10Therecomesthebus.
11Thereremainedjusttwenty-eightdollars.
12Infrontofthecave,therestands(grows)atallpinetree.
13Theregoesthebell.
14Therearetwenty-eightdaysinFebruary
句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解無答案
句子成分
一.主語(subject):句子說明的人或事物。請找出下列句子的主語并指出什么(詞,短語或句子)可以充當(dāng)主語。Thesunrisesintheeast.Helikesdancing.
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Whatheneedsisabook.
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.常見錯(cuò)誤分析2:動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的主語時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
改錯(cuò):1.playcomputergamesdoesnogoodtous.2.Haveawalkinthestreetisherhobby.3.Gohomeatonceishisdecision
4.Makemorefriendswilldogoodtous.5.Imlikecomputerverymuch.
6.Thestorywashappeningtheyearbeforelast.二.賓語:
1.動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓
請找出下列句子的賓語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓語。IlikeChina.Hehatesyou.
Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Ihopetoseeyouagain.
Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?
2.介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake/me/fighting?3.雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.常見錯(cuò)誤分析
1:介詞后跟賓語時(shí),必須為:名詞、代詞、ing或wh型的連接詞引導(dǎo)的從句。
改錯(cuò):①Iamfondofplaybasketball.②Hescrazyaboutreadstorybooks.③Iamsorryforlate.
④Ifeltterriblysadforabsentfromclass.2:動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的主語或賓語時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
改錯(cuò):①Ienjoymakefriendswitheveryone.②Hewantedgohomeatonce.
三.表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞之后。
英語中常見的系動(dòng)詞及其分類。
①狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞:用來表示主語狀態(tài):即be。常譯為是
②持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞:用來表示主語的繼續(xù)或保持某種狀況或態(tài)度,主要包括remain、keep、stay、lie、stand、exist等。保持,依然是Ihopeyouwillkeepfit.Wecanremainfriends.Pleasestayseated③變化系動(dòng)詞:用來表示主語變成什么樣,主要包括:become、grow、turn、get、fall、go、come、run等。常譯為變得Hewentmad.
Hishairturnedgrey.Ifellill.
④結(jié)果系動(dòng)詞:表示主語對應(yīng)的結(jié)果,主要有:provetobe,turnouttobe。常譯為結(jié)果是⑤感官系動(dòng)詞:主要有feel、smell、sound、taste,seem、appear、look。
Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.NowIfeeltired.
請找出下列句子的表語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)表語。Heisateacher.
Seventy-four!Youdontlookit.Fiveandfiveisten.Heisasleep.Hisfatherisin.
Thepictureisonthewall.
Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.
Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Icantbuyaring.Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的表語時(shí),需用其非謂語形式,其中todo表將來的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,doing表正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,有時(shí)也用作形容詞表示主語所具有的特征;done表示被動(dòng)的已完成的動(dòng)作。
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選擇:
①M(fèi)yhobbyis__basketball.
A:playB:playingC:toplayD:played②Thedogwasso__inthattoy.
A:interestingB:interestedC:tointerestD:interest③Myplanis__h(yuǎn)omeimmediately.A:goB:togoC:goneD:going.④Kittywas__ateverythinghesaw.
A:surprisingB:surpriseC:surprisedD:tosurprise⑤Iwas__atmygrades.
A:disappointedB:disappointC:disappointingD:todisappoint2:名詞、代詞做表語時(shí),其數(shù)必須和主語保持一致。改錯(cuò):①Wearestudent.②Thesearepanda.③Itsbirds.
3:表語常用形容詞,而不用其副詞形式。改錯(cuò):
(1)Heissadly.
(2)Heisfriendlytoeveryone.
(3)Thefoodsmellsbadbutittasteswell.
(4)Oneyearlater,heturnedawriter.(a)(5)Astimewenton,hisideawasprovedright.
四.謂語(predicate):說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。1:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞及其短語作謂語Astitchintimesavesnine.2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語
Thelawcannotmakeallmenequal,buttheyareequalbeforethelaw.
3:助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞(多為動(dòng)詞原形)作謂語Youdbettergonow,oryoullbelatefortheinterview.4:系動(dòng)詞+表語作謂語常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:系動(dòng)詞+表語(名、代、介、形、副、非謂語……)才能構(gòu)成完整的謂語。注意謂語一定要有動(dòng)詞的參予來完成。改錯(cuò)。
①Heathomenow.
②Iagainst/fortheplan.③Iinfavorofthisidea.④Thelighton/offthen.⑤Hedeadnow.⑥Ifondofpandas.
⑦HealwaysinterestedinEnglish.⑧Thebookworthreading.⑨Ieagertogetyourhelp.
⑩Thegirldressedinwhitethen.
⑾Myplantodosomeshoppingtoday.⑿Iintoplayingtabletennis.⒀Myaimtoteachyouwell.⒁Tomdevotedtohisjobthen.
2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞雖有實(shí)義,但不能單獨(dú)做謂語,必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系表結(jié)構(gòu)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語,尤其表語是形容詞、副詞、介詞、時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤最多,處理方式是在表語前添加合適的系動(dòng)詞,多為be的合適形式。
改錯(cuò):①Youcantlateagain.②Hemayathome.③Hemustawaynow.④Tommaydeadnow.
⑤JohnmustfromtheUSA.
⑥Inmyopinion,hewillwellsoon.⑦Hedidntagainsttheplan.⑧Maohasdeadfor32years.⑨Theydidntthroughtheforest.
五.補(bǔ)足語:用于補(bǔ)充說明其他的句子成分。有主補(bǔ)、和賓補(bǔ)兩種,用于補(bǔ)充說明主、賓所處的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。賓補(bǔ):對賓語的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。
請找出下列句子的賓補(bǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。1.Hefoundhisnewjobboring.2.ThecalledtheirdaughterMary.
3.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.4.Wewenttoherehousebutfoundherout.5.Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?
6.Wethoughthimtobeanhonestman.
7.Hebelievedthemtohavediscussedtheproblem.8.Hebelievedhertobetellingthetruth.9.Didyounoticehimcomein?10.IsawherchattingwithNancy.
11.Hewatchedthepianocarriedupstairs.
注意1:在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以出現(xiàn)用it作形式上的賓語,把真正的賓語放在賓語補(bǔ)足語的后面。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語常常是動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語從句。
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Hefeltithisdutytomentionthistoher.分析:it是形式賓語,hisduty是賓語補(bǔ)足語,tomentionthistoher是真正的賓語。
Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.分析:it是形式賓語,best是賓語補(bǔ)足語,thatyoushouldstaywithus是真正的賓語。主補(bǔ):對主語的補(bǔ)充。
Hewaselectedmonitor.
Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.todo…,doing,-ed作補(bǔ)語的區(qū)別。
注意2:-ing作賓補(bǔ)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的一部分;若賓
語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式,若賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者用其被動(dòng)式。todo作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過程,若賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者,用其被動(dòng)式;若賓語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式。ed作賓補(bǔ)表示已完成的動(dòng)作,賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者。選擇:(1)Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself__.A:hearB:heardC:hearingD:tohear
(2).Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise__on.A:goBgoingCgoneDtogo
(3).Isawhim__nothingatthemeetingfrombeginningtoend.
AsayBsaidCsayingDtosay(4).Thethiefcamein,withhishands__.AtyingBtiedCtieDtotie注意3:有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式時(shí)需省去符號to:watch,observe,see,look,lookat,notice;hear,listento,make,have,let,feel,help可帶可不帶。
六.定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。請找出下列句子的定語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)定語。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.Heisourfriend.
Webelongtothethirdworld.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.
Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.Ihaveanideatodoitwell.
YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.
注意1:名詞作定語時(shí),須用其單數(shù)形式,不可用其所有格或復(fù)數(shù)形
式。在變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),只變被修飾的名詞,man或woman作定語時(shí),則兩者都變。ashoeshopmensteachers
注意2:在表示只有一人擔(dān)任的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞在作句子的表語、同位語、補(bǔ)足語、介詞賓語時(shí),不加冠詞:常見的名詞有:president,captain,monitor,headmaster,head-teacher,head,manager等WeelectedHupresidentofChina.常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:單個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾不定代詞時(shí),需要后置
2:表語形容詞作定語時(shí)常后置如:awake、afraid、asleep、ashamed、alike等。
Hewastheonlypersonawakeatthattime.
3:當(dāng)else作形容詞修飾不定代詞或疑問代詞如:who、what、which等時(shí)要后置
Ihavesomethingelsetosay.
4:表示長、寬、高、深等度量的形容詞作定語時(shí)常后置。Thisisaroomfivemeterswide.5:有些形容詞如present、adopted、concerned、absent、opposite等既可前置也可后置,但意義不同:
①presentadj:前置:目前的現(xiàn)在的后置:出席的Whatdoyouthinkofthepresentgovernment?Thepeoplepresentaremostlyfamousscientists.②adoptedadj:前置:收養(yǎng)的.后置:采用的Heisanadoptedson.
Whatsyoursolutionadopted?
③concernedadj:前置:擔(dān)心的關(guān)心的。后置:有關(guān)的Thereisaconcernedexpressiononherface.Thepersonsconcernedaretobepunished
④absentadj:前置:心不在焉的。后置:缺席的Jacksatatthedeskinanabsentway.
Theworkersabsentmustmakeupforthemeeting.⑤oppositeadj:前置:相反的。后置:對面的Thebirdflewawayintheoppositedirection.heshopoppositesellsapples.
⑥overseas既是adj又是adv作定語時(shí)意義不同
Overseasstudents=studentsfromoverseas外國留學(xué)生Studentsoverseas=studentswhoareoverseas出國留學(xué)生
⑦responsible前置意為“負(fù)責(zé)任的”,后置意為負(fù)責(zé)的,掌管的“。aresponsibleman意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)任的人”,amanresponsible則
意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)人”
⑧involved前置意為“復(fù)雜的”,后置意為“涉及的,相關(guān)的”
thepeopleinvolved意為“所涉及的人”,theinvolvedstory意為“復(fù)雜的經(jīng)歷”
七.狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。狀語用副詞,不用形容詞請找出下列句子的狀語并指出是什么狀語。Iwillgotheretomorrow.
Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.
Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.
Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:副詞作狀語時(shí),用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、或句子;形容詞作補(bǔ)足語時(shí)用來補(bǔ)充說明主、賓所的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征。選擇:
①Hefoundthequestiondifficult/difficultly
②Ithinkitimpossible/impossiblyforustodefeatthemphysically.③Heworkedhard/hardlytorealizehisdream.
④Allmadeiteasy/easilyforustoenterakeyuniversity.
⑤Dressedinnothing,theemperorwalkedinthestreetproud/proudly.
⑥Thequestionisgreat/greatlydifferentfromthatone.⑦Thisroomisthesamesize/bigasthatone.
2:分詞及不定式作狀語時(shí),須賀邏輯主語保持一致,邏輯主語多為句子的主語。
①Inordertomakeourcitygreen___.A:itsnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees.B:manymoretreesneedtobeplanted.C:ourcityneedsmoretreesD:wemustplantmoretrees.
②___time,hellbecomeawriter.
A:GivenB:GivingC:TogiveD:Havinggiven③WhilewatchingTV,___
A:thedoorbellrangB:thedoorbellrings
C:weheardthedoorbellringD:weheardthedoorbellrings④___asameansoftrafficinchina,thebikeisveryuseful.
A:usedB:usingC:TouseD:use
八、同位語:指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞語指同一個(gè)事物作同一個(gè)句子成
分。
請找出下列句子的同位語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)同位語。Itsmyfriend,John.
Myraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.
Hisolddreamofgoingroundtheworldcameback,butthistimehewouldsail
Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.
九、插入語:是對一句話,某一個(gè)詞或詞組做些附加的解釋或說明有時(shí)表達(dá)說話者的態(tài)度和看法;有時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用;有時(shí)是為了引起對方的注意;還可以起轉(zhuǎn)移話題或說明事由的作用;也可以承上啟下,使句子銜接得更緊密一些,通常用逗號與其它成分隔開,且和其他句子成分沒有語法上的聯(lián)系,將它刪掉后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整。請找出下列句子的插入語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)插入語。Totellyouthetruth,Imnotinterestedinthatmatter.Judgingfromhisclothes,hemaybeanartist.Bytheway,howcanIgettotherailstation?
Donotplant,forexample,riceyearafteryearinthesamefield.Thisis,surely,averygoodbook.
Mostimportantofall,wemustlearntheskills.
Hecantpatheexam,becausehedoesn'tstudyhard.whatsmore,he
isntsoclever.
簡單句的五個(gè)基本句型:一.主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞)在這一句型中,動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞及不及物的動(dòng)詞詞組。在有的句子中,不及物動(dòng)詞可以有狀語修飾。1.Thesunisrising.2.I'lltry.注意:在此句型中,有少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,表達(dá)主語本身所具有的特性,不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。1.Thebooksellswell.2.Thewindowwon'tshut.3.Thepenwritessmoothly.4.Cheesecutseasily.翻譯:1.會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我們談了很多。4.在過去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。5.1919年,在北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。6.這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。二.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語)(1)不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接加賓語。如agree,lie,work,argue,belong,come,go,reply等。(2)不及物動(dòng)詞加一個(gè)介詞后構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語可以加賓語。如agreewith,liein,workat,belongto,comeacross,goto等。(3)有些動(dòng)詞既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞。如begin,sell,write,wash,answer,read等。例如:Themeetingbeginsathalfpastnine.(不及物動(dòng)詞)Theprofessorbeganhisspeechdirectly.(及物動(dòng)詞)Thebooksofthiskindsellwellandhewillsellthem.(第一個(gè)sell為不及物動(dòng)詞,而第二個(gè)是及物動(dòng)詞)。1那位先生能流利地說三種語言。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?這本書他讀過多次了。4他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6Jim還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。7我們大家都相信Jack是一個(gè)誠實(shí)男孩。8他不知道說什麼好。三。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語)使用系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)注意的地方:第一,沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài);第二,一般沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)(除了feel以外);第三,有些動(dòng)詞既是系動(dòng)詞又是普通動(dòng)詞。如:keep,grow,taste,feel,get,smell等。例如:Aftertwo-day’streatment,hefeltwellagain.(不用wasfelt)Thepetdogkeepsclean.ItiskeptbyJohnson.(keeps是系動(dòng)詞,而kept是及物動(dòng)詞)Wegrewsometreesaroundourschoolandtheygrowgreennow.(grew是及物動(dòng)詞,而grow是系動(dòng)詞)JustnowIfeltthetableanditfeltsmooth.(第一個(gè)felt是及物動(dòng)詞,而第二個(gè)是系動(dòng)詞)[練習(xí)]選擇一個(gè)合適的詞或根據(jù)漢語提示填空,注意動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式。(1)I_______(remain/keep/stay)anursewhilehehas_________(turn/become)engineer.(2)Putthemeatintherefrigerator(冰箱).It__________(go/get/
turn/become)badeasily.(3)Whathesaid__________(sound/look/smell/taste)reasonable.(4)Hefeels__________(comfortable/comfortably)workingintheair-conditionedoffice.(5)Wedomorningexercisesto_______(keep/turn/become)healthy.(6)Theapple__________(tastes/istasted)sweet.(7)Pleasekeep______(安靜);Thebabyhasfallen_________(睡著).
(8)Theyworkdayandnighttomaketheirdreamcome__________(實(shí)現(xiàn)).1.Ironfeelscoldinwinter.2.Thisideasoundsgood.3.Helooksyoung.4.Theweatherremainscoolthesedays.5.Theflowersinfrontofthehousesmellnice.翻譯:1.這個(gè)報(bào)告聽起來很有意思。2.樹葉已經(jīng)變黃.3布朗夫人看起來很健康。4十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5孩子們,請保持安靜。6.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。四.雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語)主語--動(dòng)詞--間接賓語(人)--直接賓語(物)Hehandedmealetter.Shesangusafolksong.如果直接賓語放在及物動(dòng)詞之后、間接賓語之前,那么兩個(gè)賓語之間應(yīng)有一個(gè)介詞(to,for等)。Hehandedalettertome.
Shesangafolkforus.
直接賓語可以由賓語從句充當(dāng)。TellhimI'mout.
CanyouinformmewhereMiGreenlives?翻譯:1.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?
(6)Ihavenothing________(do)thisafternoon.Let’sgo
swimming.
(7)Hekeptus________(read)thestoryonceandagain.(8)Thekeeperkeptthemonkey________(在籠子里).(9)Jennyhadhermoney________(偷了).
2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。3.請你給我弄一本新的,好嗎?4.請把那本字典遞給我好嗎?
5.他把車票給列車員看。6.這個(gè)學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過三封信了。7.我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車。8.RobinsonCrusoe給自己做了一只小船。
五.動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(n./adj./adv./-ing/-ed/todo)在此句型中的動(dòng)詞,叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞。后面的賓語補(bǔ)足語是說明賓語的情況的,賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語一起被稱做復(fù)合賓語。1.Wewishedthepopsingertosucceed.2.Wemadetheyoungmanourmanager.3.Thenewsmadeherhappy.
4.Herfathermadeherlearndrawingafterschool.5.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhimwritingaletter.6.Mybikeisbroken,Illhaveitrepairedtomorrow.翻譯:1.他的父母給他取名為John.
2.我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。3.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。
4.他請我們參加做游戲。5.明天我要找人來修理機(jī)器。
6.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。7.他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。
8.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了9.他感到很難跟你交談。
10.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。
11.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。12.我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話是無益的。
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)漢語或英語提示在空格上填一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。(1)Lethim________(進(jìn)來).
(2)Letthestudent________(站)outsidetheclassroom.(3)Wemadeourclassroom________(明亮).
(4)Fatherhavesomeemployees________(work)alldayandall
night.
(5)Didyouhaveyourbicycle________(repair)?
(10)Ifoundmyself________(surround)bysomesnakes.(11)Iwouldliketoseetheplan________(carry)out.(12)Whogotthemachine________(start)?
(13)Jimaskedme________(wait)himattheschoolgate.(14)Theboywasmade________(stand)outsidetheroom.(15)Don’tallowtheguests________(smoke)here.
句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解有答案
句子成分
一.主語(subject):句子說明的人或事物。
1.請找出下列句子的主語并指出什么(詞,短語或句子)可以充當(dāng)主語。
Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動(dòng)名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主語從句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)
常見錯(cuò)誤分析
2:動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的主語時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
改錯(cuò):1.playcomputergamesdoesnogoodtous.
2.Haveawalkinthestreetisherhobby.3.Gohomeatonceishisdecision4.Makemorefriendswilldogoodtous.5.Imlikecomputerverymuch.6.Thestorywashappeningtheyearbeforelast.二.賓語:
1.動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓請找出下列句子的賓語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓語。
IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動(dòng)名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(賓語從句)2.介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake/me/fighting?3.雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.常見錯(cuò)誤分析
1:介詞后跟賓語時(shí),必須為:名詞、代詞、ing或wh型的連接詞引導(dǎo)的從句。
改錯(cuò):①Iamfondofplaybasketball.
②Hescrazyaboutreadstorybooks.
③Iamsorryforlate.
④Ifeltterriblysadforabsentfromclass.
2:動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的主語或賓語時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
改錯(cuò):①Ienjoymakefriendswitheveryone.
②Hewantedgohomeatonce.
三表語:表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞之后。
英語中常見的系動(dòng)詞及其分類。
①狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞:用來表示主語狀態(tài):即be。常譯為是
②持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞:用來表示主語的繼續(xù)或保持某種狀況或態(tài)度,主要包括remain、keep、stay、lie、stand、exist等。常譯為保持,依然是Ihopeyouwillkeepfit.Wecanremainfriends.Pleasestayseated③變化系動(dòng)詞:用來表示主語變成什么樣,主要包括:become、grow、turn、get、fall、go、come、run等。常譯為變得Hewentmad.Hishairturnedgrey.Ifellill.④結(jié)果系動(dòng)詞:表示主語對應(yīng)的結(jié)果,主要有:provetobe,turnouttobe。常譯為結(jié)果是seem、appear、look.⑤感官系動(dòng)詞:主要有feel、smell、sound、taste,seem、appear、look。Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.NowIfeeltired.請找出下列句子的賓語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓語。
Heisateacher.(名詞)Seventy-four!Youdontlookit.(代詞)Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Icantbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語從句)常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:動(dòng)詞及其短語在作句子的表語時(shí),需用其非謂語形式,其中todo表將來的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,doing表正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,有時(shí)也用作形容詞表示主語所具有的特征;done表示被動(dòng)的已完成的動(dòng)作。選擇:
①M(fèi)yhobbyis__basketball.
A:playB:playingC:toplayD:played②Thedogwasso__inthattoy.
A:interestingB:interestedC:tointerestD:interest③Myplanis__h(yuǎn)omeimmediately.
A:goB:togoC:goneD:going.④Kitywas__ateverythinghesaw.
A:surprisingB:surpriseC:surprisedD:tosurprise⑤Iwas__atmygrades.
A:disappointedB:disappointC:disappointingD:todisappoint2:名詞、代詞做表語時(shí),其數(shù)必須和主語保持一致。改錯(cuò):
①Wearestudent.
②Thesearepanda.
③Itsbirds.
3:表語常用形容詞,而不用其副詞形式。改錯(cuò):
(1)Heissadly.
(2)Heisfriendlytoeveryone.
(3)Thefoodsmellsbadbutittasteswell.(4)Oneyearlater,heturnedawriter.(a)(5)Astimewenton,hisideawasprovedright.四.謂語(predicate):說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。
1:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞及其短語作謂語Astitchintimesavesnine.2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語Thelawcannotmakeallmenequal,buttheyareequalbeforethelaw.3:助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞(多為動(dòng)詞原形)作謂語Youdbettergonow,oryoullbelatefortheinterview.4:系動(dòng)詞+表語作謂語常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:系動(dòng)詞+表語(名、代、介、形、副、非謂語……)才能構(gòu)成完整的謂語。注意謂語一定要有動(dòng)詞的參予來完成。
改錯(cuò)。
①Heathomenow.
②Iagainst/fortheplan.
③Iinfavorofthisidea.
④Thelighton/offthen.
⑤Hedeadnow.
⑥Ifondofpandas.
⑦HealwaysinterestedinEnglish.
⑧Thebookworthreading.
⑨Ieagertogetyourhelp.
⑩Thegirldressedinwhitethen.
⑾Myplantodosomeshoppingtoday.
⑿Iintoplayingtabletennis.
⒀Myaimtoteachyouwell.
⒁Tomdevotedtohisjobthen.
2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞雖有實(shí)義,但不能單獨(dú)做謂語,必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系表結(jié)構(gòu)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語,尤其表語是形容詞、副詞、介詞、時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤最多,處理方式是在表語前添加合適的系動(dòng)詞,多為be的合適形式。
改錯(cuò):
①Youcantlateagain.
②Hemayathome.
③Hemustawaynow.
④Tommaydeadnow.
⑤JohnmustfromtheUSA.
⑥Inmyopinion,hewillwellsoon.
⑦Hedidntagainsttheplan.
⑧Maohasdeadfor32years.
⑨Theydidntthroughtheforest.
五.補(bǔ)足語:用于補(bǔ)充說明其他的句子成分。有主補(bǔ)、和賓補(bǔ)兩種,用于補(bǔ)充說明主、賓所處的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。
賓補(bǔ):對賓語的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。
請找出下列句子的賓補(bǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。
1.Hefoundhisnewjobboring.(形容詞作賓補(bǔ))2.ThecalledtheirdaughterMary.(名詞作賓補(bǔ))3.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.(介詞短語作賓補(bǔ))4.Wewenttoherehousebutfoundherout.(副詞作賓補(bǔ))5.Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?(不定式作賓補(bǔ))6.Wethoughthimtobeanhonestman.(tobe作賓補(bǔ))7.Hebelievedthemtohavediscussedtheproblem.(不定式的完成式作賓補(bǔ))
8.Hebelievedhertobetellingthetruth.(不定式的進(jìn)行式作賓補(bǔ))9.Didyounoticehimcomein?(不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ))10.IsawherchattingwithNancy.(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ))11.Hewatchedthepianocarriedupstairs.(過去分詞作賓補(bǔ))注意1:在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以出現(xiàn)用it作形式上的賓語,把真正的賓語放在賓語補(bǔ)足語的后面。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語常常是動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語從句。
Hefeltithisdutytomentionthistoher.分析:it是形式賓語,hisduty是賓語補(bǔ)足語,tomentionthistoher是真正的賓語。
Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.分析:it是形式賓語,best是賓語補(bǔ)足語,thatyoushouldstaywithus是真正的賓語。主補(bǔ):對主語的補(bǔ)充。
Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.todo…,doing,-ed作補(bǔ)語的區(qū)別。注意2:-ing作賓補(bǔ)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的一部分;若賓語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式,若賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者用其被動(dòng)式。todo作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過程,若賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者,用其被動(dòng)式;若賓語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式。ed作賓補(bǔ)表示已完成的動(dòng)作,賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者。
選擇:(1)Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself__.
A:hearB:heardC:hearingD:tohear(2).Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise__on.A:goBgoingCgoneDtogo
(3).Isawhim__nothingatthemeetingfrombeginningtoend.AsayBsaidCsayingDtosay(4).Thethiefcamein,withhishands__.AtyingBtiedCtieDtotie注意3:有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式時(shí)需省去符號to:watch,observe,see,look,lookat,notice;hear,listento,make,have,let,feel,help可帶可不帶。六.定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。
請找出下列句子的定語并指出什么可以充當(dāng)定語。
AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過去分詞)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語從句)注意1:名詞作定語時(shí),須用其單數(shù)形式,不可用其所有格或復(fù)數(shù)形式。在變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),只變被修飾的名詞,man或woman作定語時(shí),則兩者都變。
ashoeshopmensteachers注意2:在表示只有一人擔(dān)任的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞在作句子的表語、同位語、補(bǔ)足語、介詞賓語時(shí),不加冠詞:常見的名詞有:president,captain,monitor,headmaster,head-teacher,head,manager等WeelectedHupresidentofChina.常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:單個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾不定代詞時(shí),需要后置2:表語形容詞作定語時(shí)常后置如:awake、afraid、asleep、ashamed、alike等。Hewastheonlypersonawakeatthattime.3:當(dāng)else作形容詞修飾不定代詞或疑問代詞如:who、what、which等時(shí)要后置Ihavesomethingelsetosay.4:表示長、寬、高、深等度量的形容詞作定語時(shí)常后置。Thisisaroomfivemeterswide.5:有些形容詞如present、adopted、concerned、absent、opposite等既可前置也可后置,但意義不同:
①presentadj:前置:目前的現(xiàn)在的后置:出席的
Whatdoyouthinkofthepresentgovernment?Thepeoplepresentaremostlyfamousscientists.②★adoptedadj:前置:收養(yǎng)的
后置:采用的
Heisanadoptedson.
Whatsyoursolutionadopted?③concernedadj:前置:擔(dān)心的關(guān)心的。后置:有關(guān)的Thereisaconcernedexpressiononherface.Thepersonsconcernedaretobepunished④absentadj:前置:心不在焉的。后置:缺席的
Jacksatatthedeskinanabsentway.Theworkersabsentmustmakeupforthemeeting.⑤oppositeadj:前置:相反的。后置:對面的
Thebirdflewawayintheoppositedirection.heshopoppositesellsapples.⑥overseas既是adj又是adv作定語時(shí)意義不同
Overseasstudents=studentsfromoverseas外國留學(xué)生Studentsoverseas=studentswhoareoverseas出國留學(xué)生⑦responsible前置意為“負(fù)責(zé)任的”,后置意為負(fù)責(zé)的,掌管的“。如:aresponsibleman意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)任的人”,amanresponsible則意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)人”
⑧involved前置意為“復(fù)雜的”,后置意為“涉及的,相關(guān)的”
如:thepeopleinvolved意為“所涉及的人”,theinvolvedstory意為“復(fù)雜的經(jīng)歷”七.狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。狀語用副詞,不用形容詞請找出下列句子的狀語并指出是什么狀語。
Iwillgotheretomorrow.(時(shí)間)Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.(地點(diǎn))Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.(原因)HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.(目的)Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.(結(jié)果)Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.(程度)Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.(條件)Hegoestoschoolbybike.(方式)Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.(讓步)常見錯(cuò)誤分析:
1:副詞作狀語時(shí),用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、或句子;形容詞作補(bǔ)足語時(shí)用來補(bǔ)充說明主、賓所的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征。
選擇:
①Hefoundthequestiondifficult/difficultly
②Ithinkitimpossible/impossiblyforustodefeatthemphysically.③Heworkedhard/hardlytorealizehisdream.
④Allmadeiteasy/easilyforustoenterakeyuniversity.
⑤Dressedinnothing,theemperorwalkedinthestreetproud/proudly.⑥Thequestionisgreat/greatlydifferentfromthatone.
⑦Thisroomisthesamesize/bigasthatone.
2:分詞及不定式作狀語時(shí),須賀邏輯主語保持一致,邏輯主語多為句子的主語。
①Inordertomakeourcitygreen___.
A:itsnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees.B:manymoretreesneedtobeplanted.
C:ourcityneedsmoretreesD:wemustplantmoretrees.②___time,hellbecomeawriter.
A:GivenB:GivingC:TogiveD:Havinggiven③WhilewatchingTV,___
A:thedoorbellrangB:thedoorbellringsC:weheardthedoorbellringD:weheardthedoorbellrings④___asameansoftrafficinchina,thebikeisveryuseful.A:usedB:usingC:TouseD:use八、同位語:指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞語指同一個(gè)事物作同一個(gè)句子成分。
Itsmyfriend,John.(名詞)Myraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.代詞Hisolddreamofgoingroundtheworldcameback,butthistimehewouldsail(介詞of引出動(dòng)名詞作同位語)Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.從句九、插入語:是對一句話,某一個(gè)詞或詞組做些附加的解釋或說明有時(shí)表達(dá)說話者的態(tài)度和看法;有時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用;有時(shí)是為了引起對方的注意;還可以起轉(zhuǎn)移話題或說明事由的作用;也可以承上啟下,使句子銜接得更緊密一些,通常用逗號與其它成分隔開,且和其他句子成分沒有語法上的聯(lián)系,將它刪掉后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整。Totellyouthetruth,I’mnotinterestedinthatmatter.不定式Judgingfromhisclothes,hemaybeanartist.分詞Bytheway,howcanIgettotherailstation?介詞短語Donotplant,forexample,riceyearafteryearinthesamefield.Thisis,surely,averygoodbook.副詞Mostimportantofall,wemustlearntheskills.形容詞Hecantpatheexam,becausehedoesn'tstudyhard.whatsmore,heisntsoclever.句子句子結(jié)構(gòu)
簡單句的五個(gè)基本句型:
一.主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞)
在這一句型中,動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞及不及物的動(dòng)詞詞組。在有的句子中,不及物動(dòng)詞可以有狀語修飾。
1.Thesunisrising.2.I'lltry.注意:在此句型中,有少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,表達(dá)主語本身所具有的特性,不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
1.Thebooksellswell.2.Thewindowwon'tshut.3.Thepenwritessmoothly.4.Cheesecutseasily.翻譯:1.會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。
2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我們談了很多。
4.在過去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。51919年,在北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。6.這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。1Themeetingwilllasttwohours.2Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.3Thatmorningwetalkedagreatdeal.4Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.5TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.6Thisboxweighsfivekilos.二.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語)
在此句型中,動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞
1那位先生能流利地說三種語言。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?這本書他讀過多次了。4他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6Jim還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。7我們大家都相信Jack是一個(gè)誠實(shí)男孩。8他不知道說什麼好。1.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.6.Jimcannotdrehimself.7.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.8.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.三。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語)
1.Ironfeelscoldinwinter.2.Thisideasoundsgood.3.Helooksyoung.4.Theweatherremainscoolthesedays.5.Theflowersinfrontofthehousesmellnice.翻譯:1.這個(gè)報(bào)告聽起來很有意思。
2.樹葉已經(jīng)變黃.3布朗夫人看起來很健康。了。4十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5孩子們,請保持安靜。6.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。1。Thereportsoundsinteresting.2.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.3MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.4Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5Children,keepquietplease.6Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.四.雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)(主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語)
主語--動(dòng)詞--間接賓語(人)--直接賓語(物)
第一種情況,間接賓語可以改為to引導(dǎo)的短語。
Hehandedmealetter.Hehandedalettertome.第二種情況,間接賓語可以改為for引導(dǎo)的短語。
Shesangusafolksong.Shesangafolkforus.第三種情況,直接賓語可以由賓語從句充當(dāng)。
TellhimI'mout.CanyouinformmewhereMiGreenlives?翻譯:1.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?
2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。3.請你給我弄一本新的,好嗎?4.請把那本字典遞給我好嗎?5.他把車票給列車員看。6.這個(gè)學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過三封信了。7.我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車。8.RobinsonCrusoe給自己做了一只小船。1.ShallIcallyouataxi?2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.3.Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?4.Wouldyoupleasepamethedictionary?5.Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.6.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.7.Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.8.RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.五.動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(n./adj./adv./-ing/-ed/todo)Examples:
在此句型中的動(dòng)詞,叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞。后面的賓語補(bǔ)足語是說明賓語的情況的,賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語一起被稱做復(fù)合賓語。
1.Wewishedthepopsingertosucceed.2.Wemadetheyoungmanourmanager.3.Thenewsmadeherhappy.4.Herfathermadeherlearndrawingafterschool.5.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhimwritingaletter.6.Mybikeisbroken,Illhaveitrepairedtomorrow.翻譯:1.他的父母給他取名為John.
2.我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。3.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。4.他請我們參加做游戲。5.明天我要找人來修理機(jī)器。6.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。7.他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。8.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了9.他感到很難跟你交談。10.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。11.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。
12.我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話是無益的。1.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.2.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.3.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.4.Heaskedustojoininthegame.5.TomorrowIllhavesomeonerepairthemachine.6.EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.7.Hehashishaircutonceamonth.8.Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.9.Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.10.Ithinkitmorecomfortabletogotherebyship.11.Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclabegins.12.Ithoughtitnousetalkingwiththatman