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高中英語的基礎知識點

時間:2021-12-03 16:53:39 英語 我要投稿

高中英語必備的基礎知識點

  高中英語比初中英語涉及方面更廣,但課堂的學習時間也就是那么點,想要學好,課后要主動復習學過的知識內容,不斷積累知識點。下面是百分網小編為大家整理的高中英語知識要點總結,希望對大家有用!

高中英語必備的基礎知識點

  高中英語知識重點

  一、過去分詞作表語

  1.用作表語的過去分詞被動意味很弱,主要表示動作的完成和狀態,此時相當于一個形容詞。

  2.被動語態的過去分詞動詞意味很強,句子主語為動作的承受者,后面常跟by短語。

  ① The glass is broken.

  The glass was broken by Tom.

  ② The windows are closed.

  The windows are closed by Jack.

  3.表示“感覺流露”的一些過去分詞(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過去分詞(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表語,表示狀態.其中有些僅表示狀態,毫無被動意味。

  ① How did the audience receive the new play?

  They got very excited.

  ② How did Bob do in the exams this time?

  Well, his father seems pleased with his results.

  ③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.

  ④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.

  二、過去分詞作賓補

  1. 從時間上:表動作已經完成。

  come, go, fall, change(表位移,變化的不及物動詞)

  I found the countryside changed a lot.

  2. 從語態上:表被動.

  I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.

  使用過去分詞作賓補的情況

  1.表“希望,要求”的動詞: want, wish, expect, wish, like, order+ object + (to be) done

  I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.

  Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.

  2.表“感覺,心理狀態”的動詞:see, hear, feel, watch, notice, find, think+ object + p.p.

  We saw the thief caught by the police.

  People found the water polluted.

  3.使役動詞

  make, get, have, keep

  I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.

  = I want to get the barber to cut my hair.

  = I want to let the barber cut my hair.

  4.在with以及without結構中做賓補:with, without + n. + p.p.

  Do you know the man with his hands tied back?

  They left without a dish touched.

  三、過去分詞作狀語

  過去分詞作狀語,修飾謂語,大多說明動作發生的背景或情景,表示時間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等。一般說來,這一結構的邏輯主語是主句的主語。

  a、表示時間

  Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.

  (=When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.)

  b、表示條件

  Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.

  (=If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.)

  c、表示原因

  Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.

  (=As they were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. )

  d、表示伴隨情況

  She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.

  (=She walked out of the house, and was followed by her little daughter. )

  e、表示讓步

  Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.

  (=Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. )

  高中英語語法知識

  1. 一般現在時

  ①表示客觀事實或普通真理(不受時態限制)

  The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

  Water boils at 100°C.

  ②表示現狀、性質、狀態時多用系動詞或狀態動詞;表示經常或習慣性的動作,多用動作動詞,且常與表頻率的時間狀語連用。

  Ice feels cold.

  We always care for each other and help each other.

  ③表示知覺、態度、感情、某種抽象的關系或概念的詞常用一般現在時:see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如:

  I know what you mean.

  Smith owns a car and a house.

  All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.

  ④在時間、條件狀語從句中常用一般現在時代替將來時。但要注意由if 引導的條件狀語從句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示時態。

  If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并參加我們的舞會,我的家人會非常高興。

  ⑤少數用于表示起止的動詞如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般現在時代替將來時,表示一個按規定、計劃或安排要發生的動作。當be表示根據時間或事先安排,肯定會出現的狀態,只用一般現在時。

  The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.

  Tomorrow is Wednesday.

  2. 一般過去時

  ①一般過去時的基本用法:表示過去的事情、動作或狀態常與表示過去具體的時間狀語連用(或有上下文語境暗示);用于表達過去的習慣;表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到或希望的事通常用過去式。如:

  I met her in the street yesterday.

  I once saw the famous star here.

  They never drank wine.

  I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn’t.

  ②如果從句中有一個過去的時間狀語,盡管從句中的動作先于主句發生,但從句中的謂語動詞連用過去式。如:

  He told me he read an interesting novel last night.

  ③表示兩個緊接著發生的動作,常由以下詞語連接,用一般過去時。如:but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。

  The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.

  He bought a watch but lost it.

  ④常用一般過去時的句型:

  Why didn’t you / I think of that?

  I didn’t notice it.

  I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.

  I didn’t recognize him.

  高中英語知識總結

  1.a great/good many: a large number of許多。修飾可數名詞復數。

  I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙,我有很多事要做。

  若復數名詞前有限定詞或其修飾的為代詞時,應加of .

  ①A great many of the books have been sold out. 已經賣了很多書了。

  ②A great many of them are out of work.他們很多人失業了。

  2.able(可以的,有能力的,可能的)①He is an able man.那人本事不小。 enable(v)使„„能

  ②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我們要多學知識以便能面對各種困難。 disable:有殘疾的',不能干的;the disabled表示一類人(殘疾人) able作詞輟時

  ①可以„„的,值得„„的(有被動含義)

  eatable可食用的,measurable可以測量、估計的;readable可讀的 ②其他含義:conformable舒適的、安逸的;suitable 合適的,恰當的

  3.above, over, on

  三個詞都可以表示“在„„上“,但用法不同。On表示與某物體表面接觸;over表示在某物體垂直的上方,含“布滿、覆蓋、跨越”之意,與under 相對;above表示位置高于,但不一定垂直,與below相對。注意:與數字、數量、長度詞連用時,多用over,同mor

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