定語從句的謂語怎么用

　　定語從句（也稱關系從句、形容詞性從句），是指一類由關系詞（英語：relative word）引導的從句，以下是小編收集整理的關于定語從句的謂語怎么用的內容，僅供參考！

　　定語從句的謂語怎么用

　　像句子My dads got a camera that takes photos unger water.先行詞 a camera是單數,從句that takes photos unger water的謂語動詞就用takes

　　再如：The boys who are from America like China.這里主句是The boys like China.定語從句who are from America 修飾先行詞the boys.因為the boys 是復數,所以定語從句who are from America 的謂語動詞用復數are

　　如果還不明白,你可以倒過來做：把 1）The boys like China 2）THe boys are from America 兩句改成定語從句.那么答案就是The boys who are from America like China

　　附：關系副詞引導的定語從句

　　關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。

　　1）when, where, why

　　關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于介詞+ which結構，因此常常和介詞+ which結構交替使用，例如：

　　There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。

　　Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

　　2）that代替關系副詞

　　that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和介詞+ which引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：

　　His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

　　He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。

　　同位語從句講解與練習

　　1．定義：用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。

　　2.用法：同位語從句的先行詞多為fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，關聯詞多用從屬連詞。如： 1. 連詞that引導同位語從句

　　（注：引導同位語從句的that不能省略）

　　The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你認為不動腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯誤的。（作idea的同位語）

　　【注意1】在某些名詞(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣

　　There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一項建議是布朗應該離隊。

　　【注意2】引導同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略

　　He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，給人的印象是他要登上飛往東京的飛機了。

　　2. 連詞whether引導同位語從句 （注：if不能引導同位語從句）

　　The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我們是否請專家由家庭醫生來定。

　　附：其它引導詞引導的同位語從句

　　連接代詞what, who, whom, whose, which引導同位語從句

　　1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿幾號的鞋。（what作定語）

　　2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪種酒最好，這是個人口味的問題。（which作定語）

　　3).The question who will take his place is still not clear. （who作主語）

　　4. 連接副詞引導同位語從句 連接副詞when, where, how, why

　　We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

　　1．that引導的同位語從句與定語從句之區別

　　that引導的同位語從句/that引導的定語從句

　　1）句法

　　that只起連接從句的作用，無意義。在從句中不充當句子成分。不可省。

　　that替代先行詞在從句中不僅起連接作用，還充當一個句子成分。如在從句中作動詞的賓語時可省略。

　　2）意義上

　　從句是被修飾名詞的內容。從句起限定作用，是定語

　　The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位語從句，that不可省)

　　The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定語從句，that在從句中作的賓語，可省)

　　2．一些表示“建議、命令、要求”的名詞后所跟的同位語從句中，謂語動詞用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形表示。should可省。如：

　　This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.

　　非謂語動詞和定語從句有什么區別

　　非謂語動詞就是動詞的ing或者加ed形式,來補充修飾名詞,如The girl standing in that street is my favorite friend.就是一個非謂語做定語來修飾名詞的句子

　　如果改成定語從句就是The girl who stands in that street is my favorite friend.就是把非謂語恢復原來形式然后用which who that 等一些引導詞來把句子銜接上。二者并沒有什么本質的區別，作用都是為了把主語名詞修飾的更具體更完整，使其更容易被理解，信息更加豐富。

　　只是定語從句顯得更加豐富，整個句子更加飽滿，語法更加復雜而已。而且如果所要修飾的名詞內容和附加信息過多的時候用從句會顯得更加有條理，思路清晰，而且容易表達連接，讓人易懂。

　　相同點就是都是為了把所修飾的名詞的信息更加準確的表達出來，都是為了句意來服務的尤其是為了所修飾的名詞，就是為了把這個名詞更加具體化，強調化。

　　二者因具體句子來定吧，短句或附加信息少而且不羅列就多用非謂語，長而復雜的語意結構就用定語從句。

　　非謂語從句

　　英語中的非是整個當中非常重要的部分，也是學生學習的一個難點。其實，我們可以從從句的角度來解釋非，弄清非謂語動詞與從句的關系，這樣會使學生對非謂語動詞有更好的了解，學習起來更容易。

　　I. v-ing 形式與從句之間的轉換

　　1. v-ing形式作主語可換成that引導的主語從句

　　Toms knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.

　　Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.

　　2. v-ing形式作賓語或賓補可換成that引導的賓語從句

　　I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.

　　He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.

　　3. v-ing形式作表語可換成that引導的表語從句

　　Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.

　　The question is many peoples being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.

　　4. v-ing形式作定語可換成that, who, which引導的定語從句

　　We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.

　　The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.

　　5. v-ing形式作狀語可換成相應狀語從句

　　On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.

　　While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.

　　另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴隨或作結果狀語，相當于一個并列句，也可和with結構轉換。

　　He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money.

　　He died, with his daughter much money.

　　II. V-ed形式與從句之間的轉換

　　1. v-ed形式作定語可換成定語從句

　　The question discussed yesterday is very important. The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.

　　The boy lost in thought is my brother. The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.

　　2. v-ed形式作賓補可換成賓語從句

　　I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen. I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.

　　3. v-ed形式作狀語可換成狀語從句

　　(If) heated, water will turn into steam. If it is heated, water will turn into steam.

　　Dont speak until spoken to. Dont speak until you are spoken to.

　　III. to do形式與從句的轉換

　　1. to do形式作主語可轉換成主語從句

　　When and where (for us) to hold the meeting is unknown yet. When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown yet.

　　They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire. It seemed that they were eating something cooked on the fire.

　　2. to do形式作賓語或賓補可換成賓語從句

　　I dont know what to do with the matter. I dont know that I should do with the matter.

　　I warned him not to drive the car after drinking. I warned that he should not drive the car after drinking.

　　3. to do形式作表語可換成表語從句

　　My wish is to become a pilot after graduation. My wish is that I can become a pilot after graduation.

　　My only worry was for her not to have enough experience in it. My only worry was that she have enough experience in it.

　　4. to do形式作定語可換成定語從句

　　The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. The meeting that / which will be held is of great importance.

　　He was the first to arrive and the last to leave. He was the first that arrived and the last that left.

　　5. to do形式作目的、結果、原因狀語可轉換成相應的狀語從句

　　They started off early in order / so as to arrive in time. They started off early in order / so that they could arrive in time.

　　She was so excited as not to go to sleep. She was too excited to go to sleep.

　　She was so excited that she couldnt go to sleep.

　　定語從句改成非謂語的方法如下：

　　表示主動，正在進行的動作的時候，可以用現在分詞來改寫。如：

　　I know the girl who is talking to the teacher.

　　I know the girl talking to the teacher.

　　我認識正在和老師說話的那位女孩。

　　The woman who is waving from the window is my mom.

　　The woman waving from the window is my mom.

　　在窗戶那邊揮手的人是我媽媽。

　　2. 表示被動，已經完成的動作的時候，用過去分詞來改寫，如：

　　Shirts which are made of silk are very expensive.

　　Shirts made of silk are very expensive.

　　絲織的襯衫很貴。

　　I like the building which was designed by Mr. Wu.

　　I like the building designed by Mr. Wu.

　　我喜歡這棟被吳先生設計出來的大樓。

　　3. 表示將來的動作，用動詞不定式來改寫，如：

　　The problem which is going to be discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting.

　　The problem to be discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting.

　　明天要討論的問題是我們的季度會議。

　　4. 表示正在被進行的動作，用現在分詞的被動式來改寫。如：

　　The problem which is being discussed now is our quarterly meeting.

　　The problem being discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting.

　　現在正在討論的問題是我們的季度會議。

　　定語從句轉換成非謂語動詞以及轉換時應注意的事項：

　　1定語從句轉換成不定式

　　1.1定語從句轉換成不定式“to do”。

　　定語從句的謂語動詞是將來時或含有情態動詞或含有序數詞the next， the last等時，該定語從句轉換為不定式“to do”.

　�。�1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei.

　　→The plane to arrive is from Hubei。

　�。�2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45.

　　→The students will go to a party to be held in our class at 7：45.

　　（3）He was the first boy who came to school.

　　→He was the first boy to come to school.

　　1.2定語從句可轉換成為“介詞+關系代詞或副詞+不定式”。 “介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句和“介詞+關系代詞或副詞+不定式”充當的定語，可以相互轉換。被這種定語修飾的名詞往往在邏輯上充當不定式動作的地點、時間或工具。例：

　�。�1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework.

　　→She wanted a room in which to do her homework.

　　（2）She had only a pen with which she can write.

　　→She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write.

　　注：定語從句轉換成“介詞+ 關系代詞+不定式”時，此時的不定式一定是及物動詞，如是不及物動詞，則需在動詞后面加上相應的介詞。這個介詞可提前到關系代詞前面，也可留在句尾。前者是正式說法后者是非正式說法。而且上例中動詞不定式與句子主語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關系，否則就不能簡單地把作定語的不定式都變成此結構。

　　“He is looking for a place for his friend to live in”這句話。我們就不能將句中的a place for his friend to live in改為a place to live in或a place in which to live。

　　2定語從句可以轉換為分詞（短語）

　　當以關系代詞引導的定語從句作定語，且關系代詞在從句中作主語時，我們可以將定語從句轉換成分詞（短語）。

　　2.1定語從句可以轉換為現在分詞（短語）

　　如果定語從句的謂語是主動語態，且發生的時間與主句的謂語所表示的動作所發生的時間同時，此時可以將定語從句轉換成現在分詞短語）。

　�。�1）Have you ever talked to the girl who is dancing to music over there？ →Have you ever talked to the girl dancing to music over there？

　�。�2） The question that is being discussed is about how to improve living conditions.

　　→The question being discussed is about how to improve living conditions.

　　2.2定語從句可以轉化為過去分詞（短語）

　　如定語從句的謂語是被動語態，或是“系動詞+過去分詞（表語）”結構，且從句的謂語動詞所表示的動作或狀態是在主句的謂語之前發生或無明確的時間。此時，我們可以將定語從句轉換成過去分詞（短語）。有時定語從句謂語雖然是主動語態.但它表示的動作在主句謂語之前就已經完成，這時我們可以將定語從句轉換成過去分詞（短語）。

　　（1）The report that was made yesterday will be discussed today.

　　→The report made yesterday will be discussed today.

　�。�2）The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful.

　　→The dictionary bought for me by my mother is very useful.

　　但以下幾種情況，一般不可把定語從句轉換為分詞（短語）。

　　1.雖關系代詞作定語從句的主語，但如從句的謂語中含有情態動詞，則不能轉換成分詞（短語）。

　　Those who must hand in their homework before 12 are studying hard now. 此句不宜轉成：Those handing in their homework before 12 are studying hard now.

　　2.如關系代詞在從句中作主語，且從句謂語是完成時的主動語態，一般不轉換成分詞（短語）。

　　例：The engineer who has finished his design is about to visit Hawaii.此舉不宜轉化為： The engineer having finished his design is about to visit Hawaii.

　　3.以關系代詞which或as引起的非限制性定語從句，當關系代詞指的是前面整個句子，將這個非限制性定語從句轉換成分詞（短語），其邏輯主語是其前面或后面的整個句子，但分詞在這個在句子里結果狀語。

　　例 ：The boys parents died， which left him an orphan.

　　→His parents died， leaving him an orphan.

　　定語從句和非謂語動詞解析：

　　熟悉非謂語動詞的同學們應該都知道，非謂語動詞包括to do, doing和done，這三類動詞的特別之處就在于它們可以在句子里面充當除謂語以外的任何成分，其中一個非常重要的用法就是位于名詞后作為名詞的后置定語，比如：

　　The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.

　　以上例句里的非謂語動詞的短語“bordering the deserts”就是用作定語來修飾前面的名詞短語“the semiarid lands”。

　　很多同學很熟悉定語從句，而對非謂語動詞的用法總是有種望而卻步的感覺。

　　但是細心的同學肯定會發現，其實在語法家族里，當將非謂語動詞用作后置定語的時候，它與定語從句的用法是一樣的，兩者是名副其實地長相不同，但卻有血緣關系的“遠房表親”。比如，上面的例子我們就可以改寫成定語從句：

　　The semiarid lands which border the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.

　　再如以下帶有非謂語動詞短語的句子：

　　Theorist adopting the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.

　　我們可以改成定語從句：

　　Theorist who adopt the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.

　　又如，以下的兩個句子的意思是相同的：

　　1.What audience came to see was the magic made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.

　　2.What audience came to see was the magic that was made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.

　　在很多情況下，學生更容易理解定語從句。所以，下次在處理包含非謂語動詞短語的長難句時，不妨將其改寫成定語從句，方便我們理解長難句。

　　那么問題來了，定語從句和作定語的非謂語動詞之前是否有某種特定的對應關系呢?答案是有的，關系如下：

　　Which be to do = to do(表主動/將來)

　　Which do... = doing...(表主動)

　　Which be done... = done...(表被動)

　　為方便大家記憶，哈耶普的老師為大家準備了一個“玫瑰凋謝理論”：

　　1.The roses to be planted in the garden are fading away.

　　2.Tho roses which are to be planted in the garden are fading away.

　　1.The roses growing in the garden are fading away.

　　2.The roses which grow in the garden are fading away

　　1.The roses planted in the garden are fading away.

　　2.The roses which are planted in the garden are fading away

　　定語從句的特點

　　定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞，詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。

　　關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

　　關系副詞有：when, where, why等。

　　關系代詞引導的定語從句

　　關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。

　　1）who, whom, that

　　這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

　　2） Whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

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