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用which造定語從句
which引導的定語從句在英語語法中,尤其是在定語從句中是比較常見的,經常在做題或者閱讀過程中會遇到,也許你對它的用法不大熟練,下面是小編幫大家整理的用which造定語從句,希望能夠幫助到大家。
用which造定語從句例句
1、The car which is red belongs to me.
2、The dog which is running,is playing games with a little girl.
3、You know the rules which were made by us.
4、I can not move the table which is too heavy.
5、I will catch the bus which is coming towards us.
6、He told me he had done his homework,which is a lie.
7、He overcame all the obstacles in the past ten years,which is amazing.
8、My girlfriend likes dancing with other guys,which really drives me crazy.
9、The world which looks like a big ball is made up of matter.
10、The house,which was built in 1930s,looks so different from any of the other buildings around it.
which引導的定語從句
關系代詞which引導的定語從句, 指物,在從句中可以作主語、賓語等。多數情況下,可與that互換。但是要注意當從句中,介詞提前只能用which,而且,在非限制性定語從句中,which引導的句子單獨翻譯為一句話。
(1)“The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders。”(2007-4-3)
考點:board董事會,be responsible for代表, on behalf of代表(注意在寫作中的應用),shareholder股東
解析:這個句子難度為低級,劃橫線部分為主句只有一個難點就是which的先行詞是誰,是句子還是前面的一個名詞,很顯然,這個句子中是指市場價值,而不是這種能力。
翻譯:保護客戶資料的能力是市場價值的關鍵,董事會代表股東對市場價值負有責任。
難點總結:介詞短語,which的先行詞,非限制性定語從句一般翻譯為一個單句。
(2)In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another。
考點:multi-media 傳媒集團(最好不要翻譯為多媒體集團), bring together 組織,集合,work in relation to one another 彼此協作,publishing houses出版社
解析:此句難度為高級,劃線部分為主句, 冒號后是主句的同位語,由which引導的定語從句來修飾groups,句尾還有that引導的定語從句來修飾television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses。As在這個句子中是副詞,修飾副詞elsewhere,翻譯為“就像在其他地方一樣”。
翻譯:在歐洲,就像在其他地方一樣,多媒體集團越來越成功了,這些集團把相互之間有緊密聯系的電視臺、電臺、報紙、雜志、出版社組合到了一起。
難點總結:確認關系代詞which,that的先行詞(記得當先行詞是兩個或者兩個以上的人或者物時,關系代詞要用that。),as的用法。
(3)Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account。(2006-3-4)
考點:take into account考慮(注意要用在寫作中,尤其是建議信中例如:You need to take the following factor into account when you make a decision。)
解析:這個句子難度為低級。Which在此指代的是a correct baseline。
翻譯:麥爾斯博士和沃姆博士指出,他們的工作確定了一個準確的底線,未來的管理必須將其考慮進去。
難點總結:確定which的先行詞。
(4)For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty。
考點:semiconductor半導體,casualty傷亡,解析:這個句子難度為高級,這個句子是主句里套從句,從句里又套從句的結構,所以分清楚主句特別重要,主句為劃線部分,其中as though 引導一個方式狀語從句,這個從句中又有一個由which(先行詞為the making of semiconductors)引導的非限制性定語從句。
翻譯:曾有一段時間,似乎半導體制造業是另一個將要覆沒的產業,要知道半導體正是美國人所發明,它在計算機新時代起著核心作用。
難點總結:注意句子結構。注意各個連詞的指代和意義。
which定語從句例句
which引導非限定性定語從句時有一個特殊用法, 即它所引導的非限定性定語從句修飾主句中更多的部分甚至整個主句(這時被定語從句所修飾的“先行詞”要作廣義理解), which仍在定語從句中作主語、 賓語或表語。例如:
He set free the birds happily, which was a celebration for his success. 他開心地把鳥放了, 這是對他成功的一種慶祝。
把非限定性定語從句“which was a celebration for his success”的先行詞視為主句中的“the birds”顯然不符合整句的語境, 被“which was a celebration for his success”所修飾的是整個主句, which所引導的這類特殊的非限定性定語從句對主句所敘述的情況進行某種意義的補充說明,which常可譯為“這一點, 這件事”。
which定語從句的用法
用which造定語從句 1
學英語,一大痛點在定語從句,which就是痛中之痛之一。which是定語從句的關系代詞之一。GMAT語法考試限定,which有且僅有兩種用法。
一、which前面有逗號,逗號前面是個名詞,which就近指代那個名詞。
(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.
which就近指代photos,定語從句中謂語動詞did not cheer (Pea up)的發出者即從句主語即先行詞photos,是photos沒讓豌豆家屬高興起來。
(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.
which就近指代photos,photos是定語從句中的賓語,把定語從句還原成一個完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.
可以看到,上面兩個句子都可以以that為關系代詞改寫,即
(1)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.
(2)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.
改寫與原版區別在哪兒?就在一個逗號。which前面是名詞,名詞和which之間沒逗號的,在GMAT語法里算錯。
二、which前面是介詞,介詞前面是名詞,which就近指代介詞前的那個名詞,名詞和介詞之間有無逗號均可。
Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.
這個句子可以“拆”成如下兩句:(每個定語從句都可以拆成兩句,以先行詞為拆分點)
(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book.
(2)Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.
先行詞實際上是定語從句中介詞的賓語,這時,需要把介詞提前,避免如下表達:
(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)
(2)Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)
上中學的時候學過,which引導的定語從句叫“非限制性定語從句”,是不是?它怎么就“非限制性”了?回顧上述GMAT語法規定which有且僅有的兩種用法,which指的都是就近的名詞,從句其實還是限制性的。
所謂非限制性呢,是說which指逗號之前一套主謂所描述的情況,以逗號前的一個完整句為先行詞。比如:
(1)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.
(2)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.
注意,這樣的非限制性定語從句在GMAT語法中是不成立的,關于which,GMAT語法考試只認可上述兩種限制性用法。那么,在GMAT語法考試規則范圍內,用什么方法能夠表達出原來學過的非限制性定語從句的意思來呢?
分成兩句或做出同位語來都是可以的,當然,需要先找出一個名詞把原來非限制性定語從句的先行詞(即那個完整的句子)概括出來。
一、分成兩句
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. The fact was rather sad.
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. Pea did not refuse to acknowledge the fact to herself any more.
二、做同位語
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, the fact, rather sad,beingwhat Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.
定語從句中的that和which用法區別
1、先行若是不定代,that就把which踹
春雨驚春清谷天,夏滿芒夏暑相連,秋處露秋寒霜降,冬雪雪冬小大寒。上半年是六廿一,下半年來八廿三,每月兩節日期定,最多相差一二天。當先行詞為anything, everything, nothing, all, any, much, many, one等不定代詞時,只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.
例:Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能給你做點什么嗎?
2、先行詞前有兩數,就用that定無誤
當先行詞是基數詞或序數詞修飾時,只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.
例句:
That is the second time that I have been to Japan.
那是我去日本的第二次。
The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week.
坐落在泰晤士河岸邊的那兩座大樓上星期倒塌了。
3、先行詞前最高級,還用that必無疑
當先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時,只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.
例句:
This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
這是我度過的最美好的.時光。
4、句中若有there be, that應把which替
例:
There is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to predict natural disasters.
說動物擁有神秘的第六感,可以預知自然災害,這是沒有根據的。
5、先行主中做表語,避免重復從句里
例句:
1)This is not the hospital that it used to be.
這已經不再是以前那座醫院了。
2)Mr Thomson is not the man that he was.
湯姆森先生已經不再是以前的他了。
解析:定語從句的先行詞均在主句中做表語。
例句:
Which is the course that we are to take ?
我們要學哪門課?
解析:句中已有which,后面不再用which,避免重復用that。
6、先行詞前有just/the only/very/same/last等詞,關系代詞用that,不用which
例句:
1) The North Pole is the only place that you can see polar bears.
北極是唯一能見到北極熊的地方。
2)This is the same bike that he lost.
這就是他丟了的那輛自行車。
注意區分:
3) This is the same bike as he lost.
這輛自行車和他丟的那輛一樣。(但不是)
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