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新視野大學英語4Unit 9課文翻譯
英語（English）是印歐語系-日耳曼語族下的語言，由26個字母組合而成，英文字母淵源于拉丁字母，拉丁字母淵源于希臘字母，而希臘字母則是由腓尼基字母演變而來的。以下是小編為大家整理的新視野大學英語4Unit 9課文翻譯相關內容，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助大家。
新視野大學英語4Unit 9課文翻譯 1
米老鼠有胡須嗎?
沒有。
這是不是說法國人要想在迪斯尼工作就必須剃掉胡子才行?
這得看情況了。
一位勞工問題督察員本周將迪斯尼公司告上了法庭，他聲稱迪斯尼公司的著裝規定──不準蓄胡須，不準體重超標，不準穿短裙和花哨的襪子──侵犯了個人自由，也違反了法國的勞工法。
迪斯尼公司正準備五個月后在巴黎以東20英里 (32公里) 的地方修建一個主題公園，而這一案例正說明了該公司面臨的一些文化方面的棘手問題。
迪斯尼管理層正在組織一支他們稱為“演職人員”的12,000人的隊伍來管理這一主題公園。管理方說所有的雇員，從刷瓶工到總裁，都得和演員一樣，服從關于儀表的規定。
公司發言人說，不管怎樣，還沒有人把胡子看得比工作還重要。
正如一個新來的“演職人員”所說：“你必須相信你這份工作的意義，不然的話日子不好過。”
然而人們怎樣看待歐洲迪斯尼樂園呢?
各處的人們都想知道歐洲人是否會歡迎這種美國式的消遣活動。
盡管對外國文化的入侵感到不安，盡管要保護法語不受英語詞匯的污染，法國的社會黨政府對將這么大一個美國文化的象征放在首都門口卻并不擔憂，而是更多地關心其經濟效果。
為了將這一主題公園留在這里，而不是建在陽光燦爛的西班牙，法國政府做出了稅收和財政方面的一系列重大讓步。
主題公園本身只不過是這一巨大綜合項目的一部分。綜合項目包括住房、辦公樓，以及將一直延續到下一世紀、包括影視拍攝設施在內的度假勝地的開發。
作為與迪斯尼公司合作協議的一部分，政府正在鋪設新的公路并支付建設款項，它是巴黎地區快速軌道交通的延伸，甚至可直接連接到通往英吉利海峽隧道的高速電氣鐵路(TGV)。
歐洲迪斯尼樂園的正門前正在建設高速電氣鐵路火車站，預定于1994年交付使用。
如果歐洲迪斯尼樂園獲得成功──迄今為止在法國開設的主題公園都不成功──到本世紀末很可能會再建第二甚至第三個主題公園。
歐洲迪斯尼樂園的第一期工程預計將花費36億美元，財政專家說歐洲迪斯尼樂園對迪斯尼的總體財富非常重要。迪斯尼在美國已遭遇到了競爭，游客量正在下降。
法國的知識分子們對這個項目并無好感，然而孩子們卻不管這些。
睡美人、白雪公主、彼得·潘和匹諾曹都是歐洲童話故事里的人物，這里的孩子對他們的熟悉程度絲毫不亞于美國的孩子。
在法國孩子眼里，米老鼠是法國人;在意大利孩子眼里，米老鼠是意大利人。
迪斯尼管理層強調這一傳統，顯然是對有人暗示迪斯尼管理層在文化傳統方面麻木不仁的回應。
盡管主題公園這一概念是以加利福尼亞州的奇妙王國和佛羅里達州的沃爾特·迪斯尼世界為基礎，但“歐洲迪斯尼樂園將具有適合于歐洲的獨特風格。”迪斯尼公司說。
“主題公園的創新性建設突出地表現了歐洲的傳說和童話故事。”
例如，公司的官員指出，睡美人的城堡，這一主題公園的中心建筑，不像一些人所想的那樣是根據好萊塢的作品建造的，而是根據歐洲中世紀一本書中的插圖而造的。
同樣，根據儒勒·凡爾納所寫的冒險故事拍攝的360度環形電影是由著名的歐洲演員主演的。
當被問及還有什么其他措施來使主題公園更歐洲化時，一位發言人提到，公園的指示牌會用英語和法語，一些表演者會以法語、西班牙語和英語表演。
這位發言人說：“難的是要將人們已熟知的事說得讓它聽起來有所不同。”
而另一方面，主題公園也不會過分歐洲化。
迪斯尼的另一位發言人早些時候說主題公園的目的就是為那些追求美式生活的人帶來基本上是美國式的體驗。
他說，這樣，那些本來考慮去美國度假的人留在大西洋的此岸也可以體驗美國度假的快樂了。
迪斯尼公司似乎對須發特別在意。
它稱將在歐洲迪斯尼樂園的中心“美國大道”建一個舊時的“和諧理發店”來處理“亂糟糟的頭發和胡子拉碴的下巴”，也許還要管管唇上髭須。
這一樂園與加利福尼亞和佛羅里達的樂園的一個不同之處是：這條“美國大道”的部分地區以及景點的等候區將會有遮棚，以對付巴黎的多雨天氣。
歐洲迪斯尼樂園距巴黎不遠，這肯定頗具吸引力。
任何厭倦了美式或仿歐式文化的人都可登上快速列車，不到一小時就可到達羅浮宮，一瞬間就從米尼老鼠身邊來到《蒙娜·麗莎》面前。
在迪斯尼公司決定將其第四個主題公園選址于巴黎附近時，交通因素起了重要作用。
這里距3.2億歐洲人不超過兩小時飛行距離。
東歐的開放對迪斯尼來說又是一大收獲，他們認為將有幾百萬人把迪斯尼樂園列入其首次西歐之旅的首選之地。
Does Mickey Mouse have a beard?
No.
Does this mean that French men seeking work with the Disney organization must shave off their moustaches too?
It depends.
A labor inspector took the Disney organization to court this week, contending that the companys dress and appearance code — which bans moustaches, beards, excess weight, short skirts and fancy stockings — offends individual liberty and violates French labor law.
The case is an illustration of some of the delicate cultural issues the company faces as it gets ready to open its theme park 20 miles (32 kilometers) east of Paris in five months time.
The Disney management, which is assembling what it calls a "cast" of 12,000 to run the theme park, argues that all employees, from bottle washers to the president, are similar to actors who have to obey rules about appearance. Anyway, a company spokesman says, no one has yet put his moustache before a job. As one new "cast member" put it: "You must believe in what you are doing, or you would have a terrible time here."
But what do people think of Euro Disney? People everywhere are wondering whether Europeans would like the American recreation.
For all its concern about foreign cultural invasion and its defense against the pollution of the French language by English words; Frances Socialist government has been untroubled about putting such a huge American symbol on the doorstep of the capital and has been more concerned about its social effect. It made an extraordinary series of tax and financial concessions to attract the theme park here rather than let it go to sunny Spain.
The theme park itself will be only part of a giant complex of housing, office, and resort developments-stretching far into the next century, including movie and television production facilities.
As part of its deal with the Disney -organization, the government is laying on and paying for new highways, an extension of Pariss regional express railway and even a direct connection for the high speed TGV railway to the Channel Tunnel. The TGV station is being built in front of the main entrance of Euro Disneyland, and is scheduled to come into service in 1994.
If Euro Disneyland succeeds — where theme parks already in France have so far failed — a second and even a third park is likely to be built by the end of the century. Financial experts say that Euro Disneyland, the first phase of which is costing an estimated $3.6 billion is essential to Disneys overall fortunes, which have been hit by competition and declining attendance in the United States.
French intellectuals have not found many kind things to say about the project. The kids, however, will probably never notice. Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Peter Pan, and Pinocchio all come from European fairy tales or stories and are as familiar to children here as they are in the United States. To a French child Mickey is French. To an Italian kid he is Italian.
The Disney management is stressing this tradition in an apparent response to suggestions that it is culturally insensitive. Although the concept of the theme park is closely based on the original Magic Kingdom in California and Walt Disney World in Florida, "Euro Disneyland will be unique in a manner appropriate to its European home," the company says. "The legends and fairy tales which come from Europe figure prominently in the creative development of the theme park." Officials point out, for example, that Sleeping Beautys castle, the central feature of the theme park, is based not on Hollywood, as some might think, but on the illustrations in a medieval European book. Also, a 360-degree movie, based on the adventures of Jules Verne, features well-known European actors.
Asked to describe other aspects of the effort to make the park more European, a spokesman mentioned that direction signs in the theme park will be in French as well as English, and that some performers will chat in French;Spanish and English. "The challenge is telling things people already know — and at the same time making it different," the spokesman said.
On the other hand, this effort is not being taken too far. Another Disney spokesman said earlier that the aim of the theme park is to provide a basically American experience for those who seek it. In this way, he said, people who might otherwise have contemplated a vacation in the United States will be happy to stay on this side of the Atlantic.
The Disney organization does seem to focus a bit too much on hair. "Main Street, USA", the heart of Euro Disneyland, it promises, will feature an old time "Harmony Barber Shop" to deal with "messy hair and hairy chins" — and perhaps even offending mustaches. One difference from California or Florida: Parts of Main Street and waiting areas to get into the attractions will be covered over as a concession to Pariss rainy weather.
Euro Disneylands short distance to Paris is a definite attraction. Anyone tiring of American or fake European-culture can reach the Louvre art museum by express railway in less than an hour — from Minnie Mouse to Mona Lisa in a flash.
Communications figured largely in the Disney organizations decision to site its fourth theme park near Paris. The site is within a two-hour flight of 320 million Europeans. The opening of Eastern Europe is another prize for the company, which thinks that millions of people will put Disneyland at the top of a list of places to visit on their first trip to Western Europe.
新視野大學英語4Unit 9課文翻譯 2
迪斯尼歐洲開發為何失敗？
主題公園位于巴黎以東32公里(20 英里)處，占地4,800英畝。在它4月份開張時，歐洲迪斯尼行政人員說他們希望在9月30日結束的這個財政年度中能小有盈余。
但那以后，主題公園遇到了一些問題。
“我們已為充分的運作做好了準備，”公司的財務總監約翰?佛斯格倫在電話采訪中說。
“運作是相當充分的，但尚未達到我們預期的程度。”
“盡管游客數量相當大，”他說，“可我們的成本支出的確需要根據當前的收益狀況做出調整。”
它的母公司沃爾特?迪斯尼公司星期四說，歐洲迪斯尼的收入本季度上升了33%，但它提醒投資者不要期待歐洲迪斯尼會很快贏利，該公司擁有歐洲迪斯尼49%的股份。
歐洲迪斯尼公司說盡管游客量一直相當大，“公司預計在1992年9月30日結束的`財政年度里仍會有凈虧損。”
還說“虧損的程度將取決于關鍵的歐洲夏季假期剩余日子里的游客量和賓館入住率”。
這一宣布等于是說歐洲迪斯尼的情況出現了罕見的逆轉。當初它是在一片歡呼聲中開張，并被普遍看好會立即獲得成功。
4月12日公司開張時，公司的股價為140.90法郎(28.07美元)，今年年初曾高達170法郎。
本周四股價下跌了2.75%，收盤價為97.25法郎。
佛斯格倫先生說，他認為股票市場“對初期消息的反應有點情緒化了”。
他補充道，“從任何客觀標準來看，該主題公園都是很成功的。公眾對它的長期接受程度相當高，而其他情況只是枝節而已。”
公司說從4月12日至7月22日期間，有360萬游客入園，這比其他迪斯尼主題公園在同樣的開放初期的情況要強。
但公司也提醒說，考慮到游客量可能有相當大的季節性變化，無法對今后的游客量和收益做出預測。
對此番話，股票市場行家帕里巴斯資本市場集團發布了“出售”歐洲迪斯尼股票的建議，指出這一階段的游客量比預期的低15%，食品及其他商品銷售的利潤比預期的低10%。
它預計歐洲迪斯尼公司在本財政年度會損失3億法郎，并且還將繼續虧損兩年。
歐洲迪斯尼所面臨的主要問題似乎是控制成本，并為它的5,000多間賓館客房合理定價。
很明顯，當初定成本所依據的收益水平并未達到，公司也正開始下調曾被普遍認為過高的賓館房價。
佛斯格倫先生說員工人數現為17,000 人，“今后兩個月內公司員工數量會顯著下降，這主要是因為季節工的減少。”
他說，目前的員工中有5,000人是臨時雇傭的。
他也承認，度假地的最低房價已從開張時的750法郎降為550法郎(110美元)，一些房間的冬季價已降至400法郎。
分析家們認為，賓館入住率一直約為全部接待能力的68%，盡管眼下超過了90%。
“關鍵的問題是成本，”一位財務專家說。
“他們不知道冬季的游客量會達到什么水平，他們正在努力使成本降到恰當的水平。
股價仍然過高，但我認為從長期來看，他們會使其恢復正常的。”
公司計劃主題公園在歐洲寒冷的冬季仍然開門迎客，此舉是否可行仍有很大的疑問──歐洲其他主題公園從未這樣做過。
上個月，公司說現在已難以吸引巴黎地區的游客。
佛斯格倫先生說法國的游客量有所上升，占了360萬游客中的100萬，而其余的游客大部分來自英國和德國。
只有百分之一的游客是美國人。
6月30日結束的第三季度是主題公園正式運作的第一個季度。公司說這個季度的營業收入達24.7億法郎(4.92億美元)。但公司未提及利潤或虧損數字。在年底才統計利潤或虧損是法國的一貫做法。
在前半年里，公司共贏利7,500萬法郎，主要是投資收入和出售公司地盤上的建筑權所得。
Why Disneys European development failed?
The theme park is located 32 kilometers (20 miles) east of Paris and covers an area of 4,800 acres. When it opened in April, Euro Disney executives said they hoped to have a small surplus in the fiscal year ending on September 30th. But since then, the theme park has encountered some problems. "We are ready for full operation," said John, the companys chief financial officer. Fosgren said in a telephone interview. "The operation is quite adequate, but it has not yet reached the level we expected." "Although the number of tourists is quite large," he said, "our cost expenditure really needs to be adjusted according to the current income situation." Its parent company Walter? Disney said on Thursday that EuroDisneys revenue increased by 33% this quarter, but it warned investors not to expect EuroDisney to make a profit soon. The company owns 49% of EuroDisney. Euro Disney said that although the number of tourists has been quite large, "the company expects to have a net loss in the fiscal year ending September 30, 1992." He also said that "the degree of loss will depend on the number of tourists and the hotel occupancy rate in the remaining days of the key European summer holiday". This announcement is tantamount to saying that the situation of Euro Disney has undergone a rare reversal. At first, it was opened in cheers and was widely expected to be an immediate success. When the company opened on April 12th, its share price was 140.90 francs (US$ 28.07), which was as high as 170 francs at the beginning of this year. The share price fell by 2.75% on Thursday, closing at 97.25 francs. Mr. Forsgren said that he thought the stock market "reacted a little emotionally to the initial news". He added, "By any objective standard, the theme park is very successful. The publics long-term acceptance of it is quite high, while other situations are only minor. " The company said that from April 12 to July 22, 3.6 million tourists entered the park, which was stronger than other Disney theme parks in the same initial opening period. However, the company also warned that considering that the number of tourists may have considerable seasonal changes, it is impossible to predict the future number of tourists and income. In response, Paribas Capital Markets Group, an expert in stock market, issued a proposal to "sell" European Disney shares, pointing out that the number of tourists at this stage was 15% lower than expected, and the profit from the sale of food and other commodities was 10% lower than expected. It predicts that Euro Disney will lose 300 million francs this fiscal year and will continue to lose money for two years. It seems that the main problem facing Euro Disney is to control costs and reasonably price its more than 5,000 hotel rooms. Obviously, the income level based on which the original cost was set has not been reached, and the company is also beginning to lower the hotel prices that were generally considered too high. Mr. Fosgren said that the number of employees is now 17,000. "The number of employees in the company will drop significantly in the next two months, mainly because of the reduction of seasonal workers." He said that 5,000 of the current employees are temporarily employed. He also admitted that the minimum price of the resort has dropped from 750 francs when it opened to 550 francs (US$ 110), and the winter price of some rooms has dropped to 400 francs. Analysts believe that the hotel occupancy rate has been about 68% of the total reception capacity, although it is now over 90%. "The key issue is cost," said a financial expert. "They dont know what level of tourists will reach in winter, and they are trying to reduce the cost to an appropriate level. The stock price is still too high, but I think in the long run, they will bring it back to normal. " The company plans to keep theme parks open to welcome guests in the cold winter in Europe, and there is still great doubt about the feasibility of this move-no other theme parks in Europe have ever done so. Last month, the company said it was difficult to attract tourists from Paris. Mr. Forsgren said that the number of tourists in France has increased, accounting for 1 million of the 3.6 million tourists, while most of the rest are from Britain and Germany. Only one percent of the tourists are Americans. The third quarter, which ended on June 30th, is the first quarter of the theme parks official operation. The company said that its revenue this quarter reached 2.47 billion francs (492 million US dollars). But the company did not mention the profit or loss figures. It is a consistent practice in France to count profits or losses at the end of the year. In the first half of the year, the company made a total profit of 75 million francs, mainly from investment income and the sale of construction rights on the companys site.
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