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牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法
無論是身處學(xué)校還是步入社會,大家對句子都再熟悉不過了吧,句子是由詞或詞組構(gòu)成的語言基本運(yùn)用單位。句子的類型多樣,你所見過的句子是什么樣的呢?下面是小編幫大家整理的牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法,僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。
牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法 1
A想對 I employed someone to do something for me(我雇用了某人為我做事)這一類句子作更簡潔的表達(dá)時,可以用這種結(jié)構(gòu):即不說 I employed someone to clean my car,而說 I had my car cleaned(我叫人擦了車子)。又如不說 I got a man to sweep my chimneys(這里got= paid/persuaded等),而說I had my chimneys swept(我叫人通了煙囪)。
注意必須用have+賓語+過去分詞,否則意思就變了:
He had his hair cut.
他理了發(fā)。相當(dāng)于:
He employed someone to do it.
他雇人理發(fā)。
但是:
He had cut his hair.(過去完成時)
他自己理了發(fā)。(在說話之前的某個時刻他自己給自己理了發(fā))
have這樣用時,其否定式和疑問式的'現(xiàn)在時和過去時都要用
do來構(gòu)成:
-Do you have your windows cleaned evny month?
-I don’t have them cleaned;I clean them myself.
-你每月都要叫人擦窗戶嗎?
-我不叫別人擦,我自己擦。
He was talking about having central heating put in.Did he have it put in in the end?
他那會兒總說要找人裝暖氣。到底裝上了沒有?
這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以用于進(jìn)行時態(tài):
I can’t ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment.
這一周我不能請你來吃飯了,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在我正讓人刷房子呢。
While I was having my hair done the police towed away my car.
我(讓人)做頭發(fā)時,警察把我的汽車拖走了。
The house is too small and he is having a room built on.
房子太小了,他正叫人添蓋一個房間。
get能夠像have一樣用于上述句中,但更口語化。句中提到完成動作的那個人的時候,也可以用get:
She got him to dig away the snow.
她讓他把雪挖走。
牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法 2
A such是形容詞,用于形容詞+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)之前:
They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house.
他們有一條如此兇猛的狗,以致沒人敢靠近他們家。
He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep.
他說了這么長時間,以致在座的人都犯困了。
B so是副詞,用于副詞和不帶名詞的形容詞之前:
The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered up.
雪下得這么快,以致我們的.腳印很快就被雪蓋住了。
His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep.
他的講話這么長,以致在座的人都開始犯困了。
Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it.
他們的狗太兇猛了,所以沒人敢靠近它。
但such不能用于much和many之前,所以so可用于后跟名詞的much和many之前:
There was so much dust that we couldnt see what was happening.
灰塵太大了,使得我們看不清發(fā)生了什么事。
So many people complained that they took the programme off.
抱怨的人太多,所以他們?nèi)∠四莻節(jié)目。
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