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托福考試閱讀理解預測題
練習托福閱讀理解是考生備考不可缺少的，尤其是在后期要多進行一些預測題的練習，下面，小編為大家送上一篇托福考試閱讀理解預測題。
Molting is one of the most involved processes of a bird's annual life cycle. Notwithstanding preening and constant care, the marvelously intricate structure of a bird's feather inevitably wears out. All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that are nearing the end of their useful life. Two distinct processes are involved in molting. The first step is when the old, worn feather is dropped, or shed. The second is when a new feather grows in its place. When each feather has been shed and replaced, then the molt can be said to be complete. This, however, is an abstraction that often does not happen: incomplete, overlapping, and arrested molts are quite common.
Molt requires that a bird find and process enough protein to rebuild approximately one-third of its body weight. It is not surprising that a bird in heavy molt often seems listless and unwell. But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration. Generally, molt occurs at the time of least stress on the bird. Many songbirds, for instance, molt in late summer, when the hard work of breeding is done but the weather is still warm and food still plentiful. This is why the woods in late summer often seem so quiet, when compared with the exuberant choruses of spring.
Molt of the flight feathers is the most highly organized part of the process. Some species, for example, begin by dropping the outermost primary feathers on each side (to retain balance in the air) and wait until the replacement feathers are about one-third grown before shedding the next outermost, and so on. Others always start with the innermost primary feathers and work outward. Yet other species begin in the middle and work outward on both sides. Most ducks shed their wing feathers at once, and remain flightless for two or three weeks while the replacement feathers grow.
1. The passage mainly discusses how
(A) birds prepare for breeding
(B) bird feathers differ from species
(C) birds shed and replace their feathers
(D) birds are affected by seasonal changes
2. The word "Notwithstanding" in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) despite
(B) because of
(C) instead of
(D) regarding
3. The word "intricate" in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) regular
(B) complex
(C) interesting
(D) important
4. The word "random" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) unfortunate
(B) unusual
(C) unobservable
(D) unpredictable
5. The word "optimal" in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) slow
(B) frequent
(C) best
(D) early
6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason that songbirds molt in the late summer?
(A) Fewer predators are in the woods.
(B) The weathers are still warm.
(C) The songbirds have finished breeding.
(D) Food is still available.
7. Some birds that are molting maintain balance during flight by
(A) constantly preening and caring for their remaining feathers
(B) dropping flight feathers on both sides at the same time
(C) adjusting the angle of their flight to compensate for lost feathers
(D) only losing one-third of their feathers
8. The word "Others" in line 21 refers to
(A) ducks
(B) sides
(C) species
(D) flight feathers
9. The author discusses ducks in order to provide an example of birds that
(A) grow replacement feathers that are very long
(B) shed all their wing feathers at one time
(C) keep their innermost feathers
(D) shed their outermost feathers first
10. It can be inferred from the discussion about ducks that the molting of their flight feathers takes
(A) a year
(B) a season
(C) several months
(D) a few weeks
參考答案：CABDC ABCBD
附：托福閱讀理解做題的方法
1.做題總則：
文章大致看完之后，才能開始做題。做題時，應牢記以下幾點：
(1)每篇文章的題目基本上根據文章布局一步一步向前推進，即使有個別題打亂文章布局，在題干里總是有提供信息的關鍵詞將考生帶入文章的具體部位。
(2)做題時，根據題干或選項的關鍵詞回歸文章尋找重現關鍵詞或其釋義的語言區域，同時排除相應的選項。
(3)到難句子時，最直接有效的方式就是對其進行句子結構分析，迅速把握整個句子的意思，不要盯著單個的詞不放，不然就會因小失大。
(4)每個問題的四個選項或者是對文章中相關部分的正確釋度、或者是歪曲原文、或者與原文毫不相干。換句話說，命題專家在設置試題時會玩一些文字游戲，用各種表達形式讓考生暈頭轉向、霧里看花。考生應該明白自己的職責是辨別真偽，找到合符文章意思和題意的選項。
2.區別對待幾種題：
(1)主旨題。主旨題有三種：A、作者的意圖;B、文章標題;C、文章的中心思想。這種題一般為第一道題，建議考生把這道題放在最后做，因為做其他題時，考生會逐步了解文章的各個細節，在做題的過程中就會對文章個總的理解，最后處理主旨題可謂水到渠成、萬無一失。
(2)列舉題。列舉題有兩種：A、一正三誤;B、三正誤。也可分為四類。第一類：一句話列舉。根據某個選項的語言提示，回歸文章找到一句話，這句話包含三個選項的內容;第二類：局部列舉。根據題意，回歸文章發現連續兩三句話涉及三個選項的內容;第三類：段落列舉。題干語言在某自然段首句重現。這個句子為段落主題句，即三個選項的內容在這段出現，不涉及到其他段落;第四類：文章列舉。選項內容涉及整個文章。一句話列舉題和段落列舉題有明顯的信號詞幫助答題，根據題序做題，不必區別對待。文章列舉題和局部列舉題則應放其他題做完之后再處理。
(3)文章結論題。文章結論題即根據文章可以推斷出下面哪個選項結論是正確的，題干沒有任何語言信號詞。這種題有以下幾種布局：為文章第一道題時，相當于文章主旨題，應放在最后一道題時，有可能針對文章最后部分，也有可能針對整篇文章，但不大可能涉及文章其他部分的細節。所以文章結論題應該具體情況具體分析，并不一定是面對整個文章。
(4)作者態度題。作者態度題分為兩種：A、局部作者態度題;B、整體作者態度題。文章最后一道題問及作者態度時為整體作者態度題，它涉及通篇文章，要根據整個文章數個語言點串起來的一根主線答題，也就是作者行文的口氣。考生千萬不可以根據某一個語言點答題，因為整體作者態度題不是考核某一個點，而是考整體感覺。局部作者態度題位置比較靈活，往往問及作者對文章中某一個具體內容的看法，題干通常信號請將考生帶回文章某一區域，考查考生對某個語言點的理解。有時候，某個選項從作者的表達相悖，因此，做作者態度題時，考生一定注意不要把自己作為讀者的分析、觀點強加于作者。
(5)文章想方設法題。文章結構題三種：A、文章前面的段落內容是什么?B、文章下面接著將要講什么?C、文章組織結構是什么?推斷文章前面的內容立足于文章首句，因為文章首句承上啟下，尤其注意首句中諸如this、so、other than之類的結構詞。預測下文的內容則分兩步走：第一、讀文章每段首句，文章每段首句表示文章內容的邏輯走向。如果文章講述某一事物的兩個階段或方面，下文將介紹這一事物的第三個階段或方面。我們把預測下文內容的題稱之為坐標題，即豎看文章每段首句，橫看文章最后一句，其他句子是文章所講內容，而不是下面將要講的內容，往往選項干擾來自文章所講內容。至于文章的組織結構題，只需要讀文章每段首句即可，因為這些句子是文章框架。
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