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成人高考中的完形填空解題技巧
很多同學(xué)都抱怨完形填空難。確實，從整篇試卷來看，完形的難度屬于中等偏上，拿高分或滿分不那么容易。但如果答題步驟和方法對了，也可以起到事半功倍的效果，縮短與滿分之間的距離。今天，來看看成人高考中的完形填空解題步驟和方法是什么樣子的吧!
一. 解題步驟
【第一步】
要快速通讀全文，了解文章大意，正確分析、歸納文章主旨。
【第二步】
在理解文章大意基礎(chǔ)上，對每道題所給的詞語進行剖析，考慮語境，上下呼應(yīng)，運用邏輯思維進行推理，再根據(jù)自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短語、習(xí)慣用語、動詞形式和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等，先完成簡單的，把難的留在后面。
【第三步】
再細讀全文，集中精力解決難點，填補空缺。
【第四步】
答題完畢，遵循由整體到局部、由局部到整體的規(guī)律，再耐心通讀全文，認真復(fù)查所選答案是否得當，語法是否正確，邏輯推理是否合理。
二. 解題技巧
完形有10個空。10個空一般有4321的特點。即考查4個動詞，3個名詞， 2個形容詞， 1個副詞。填空的時候， 4個動詞看前后動作的不可逆轉(zhuǎn)性; 3個名詞看原文中是否有復(fù)現(xiàn)，或同義詞出現(xiàn);2個形容詞和1個副詞看作者當時的心情;要預(yù)判出是正向心情還是負向心情。
【技巧1】前后照應(yīng)
利用上下文信息，選擇或填寫正確的詞是完型填空解題時最常用的方法之一。
在做四選一的完型填空時，我們有時會發(fā)現(xiàn)每一個選項從語法角度來講都可以說得通，遇到這種情況，我們應(yīng)細讀上下文，正確答案會在上下文中得到提示。試看以下例題：
【例1】What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live______ , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.
A. in a town
B. on a farm
C. on a busy street
D. in a city
【解析】B 本段主要講作者回憶兒童時代所居住的地點。從四個選項來看都是可能的，語法上都說得通。但通過下文my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.提示我們可以知道作者生活在農(nóng)村，正確答案選B。
【例2】I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking. What a wonderful smell! I used to _______ ,wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast would be waiting for me on the table.
A. leave the bed
B.lie in bed
C. jump out of bed
D. get up
【解析】C 本段講每天早上媽媽煮的早餐發(fā)出誘人的香味，使得躺在床上的我立即起床。根據(jù)題干，A、C、D均和床有關(guān)聯(lián)，但是按上下文情景的提示，此處還要表達作者的一種迫不及待的心情。因此只能選C。
【技巧2】情感態(tài)度：較難題
其中形容詞、副詞中，分為三種情感：
(1) 正情感：happy ，amazing等
(2)零情感：fast ，slow ，surprising等
(3) 負情感：sad ，disappointed等
【例】Among them, a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking. I had seen him around, and I knew he was always laughed at. He seemed unsure of himself, and was so pale that it ____ us to look at him.
A. worried
B. surprised
C. taught
D. hurt
【解析】D 由上文的描述可知，他的臉色是如此蒼白，以至于看著他會讓人難受。故選擇形容詞hurt。
【技巧3】固定搭配
【例1】On the train, Tom was looking 1 for his ticket because the conductor was coming __2 to his ticket.
1.A. out
B. forward
C. anywhere
D. everywhere
2.A. down
B. up
C. in
D. on
【解析】第一空格指Tom在火車上到處找車票，因此選D。everywhere為最佳答案，anywhere常用于否定句和疑問句中。
第二空格意為列車員上前查票，走到某人面前come up to sb.為固定詞組搭配，因此選B。
[例2 ] Whenever I’m _______, I still look back at that yearbook.
A. away
B. out
C. behind
D. down
【解析】本文講述了一位叫Ricky的學(xué)生的前后變化：從經(jīng)常被大家嘲笑，沒有自信到充滿自信并被大家喜歡。此題為本文最后一題，想表明每當我遇到挫折時，總會想起那天的事情。be down，固定搭配，表示情緒低落的。
【技巧4】詞義辨析
在選項中設(shè)置四個詞性一致、意義相近的詞是完型填空命題時常用的手段之一。
在做此類題目時，必須要在特定的語境中選擇最佳，或者也可以推敲一些固定的詞組搭配來進行選項。
在做首字母完型填空時，尤其應(yīng)注意空格所缺單詞的詞性及詞組搭配。
【例】A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you _________what he means?
A.think
B. guess
C. know
D. understand
【解析】C 本段講述了一個日本經(jīng)理和他的員工在開會時將都站著。本題問的是你知道他說話的含義嗎。
【技巧5】中心主旨
文章中最后一句通常為積極的態(tài)度或觀點。
【例1】I had wanted to become president of Student Council to make a difference. I achieved that and more by working as a member of Jeff’s team. He became the most popular candidate and I was a large part of his_____ . The fact that it has made a difference in other people’s lives is the real prize. What a great feeling!
A. luck
B. spirit
C. life
D. success
【解析】 D 本文講到在參加學(xué)生會主席競選初選落選后，“我”受邀參加了曾經(jīng)是對手的Jeff的競選團隊，并在其中發(fā)揮了很大的作用，幫助Jeff競選成功，也得到了啟發(fā)：不管是在什么位置上，只要自己發(fā)揮了作用，這就是真正的獎勵，并會給自己帶來美好的感受。本題說我也是他成功中的一部分，所以選擇success。
【例2】I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my ____ couldn’t. So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
A. teachers
B. mother
C. father
D. friends
【解析】本文講述，“我”出生沒多久父親就去世了，是姨媽Mrion一直充當著父親的角色，帶“我”成長，所以在過去的40年里，“我”每天都要送父親節(jié)賀卡給她，以表達“我”不斷加深的感激之情。故本題選C。
【技巧6】簡單邏輯
分為因果，并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，否定。
【例1】For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still don’t think of herself. ___ she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much…
A. Unless
B. Although
C. Since
D. Before
【解析】A 句意：如果不強迫她來到前面，在找全家福時她會站在后面。unless除非，如果不。although雖然，盡管。since自從，既然;berore 在…之前。
[例2] No one could walk through any hallway passing______ Jeff’s smiling face.
A. for
B. from
C. with
D. without
【解析】D 最能凸顯出 poster 效果的介詞是without 否定介詞與前面的no 相呼應(yīng)，雙重否定表肯定。
【技巧7】情景還原
【例】The most amazing thing was that she taught me to read my_______ . I remember that I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every' word that I said.
A. eye
B. face
C. heart
D. mouth
【解析】 D 情景還原 由后文的I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every' word that I said.可知，一定是用嘴 mouth 去said。故選擇mouth.
鞏固練習(xí)：
never finished with that anybody when
secrets believe invited find college became
The first day of school, our teacher introduced an old lady Rose to us.
“Why are you in college at such an old age?” I asked her. She replied, “I always dreamed of having a 【小題1】_______ education and now I’m getting one!” We 【小題2】________ friends quickly.
At the end of the term I 【小題3】_________ Rose to make a speech to our football team. I’ll 【小題4】_________ forget what she taught us. She said, “There are some 【小題5】_________ of staying young and being happy. You have to laugh and 【小題6】_________ humor every day. You must have a dream. 【小題7】_________ you lose your dreams, you will die. There is a huge difference between growing old and growing up. 【小題8】_________ can grow older. That doesn’t need any talent or ability. To grow up, you must always find the opportunity(機會) in change. Have no regrets. The people who are afraid of death are those 【小題9】_________ regrets.”
At the end of the year, Rose 【小題10】_________ her college. One week after graduation, Rose died peacefully in her sleep. We would always remember the great woman.
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