答案實意情態當為被動語態時還可本題考最后一種用法選，在形容詞后的動名詞必須用主動形式，特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法，專題十三句子的結構測試過關，專題十三句子的結構測試過關。
中考英語語法---句子
中考英語語法---句子
一、祈使句結構
1祈使句結構
祈使句用以表達命令，要求，請求，勸告等。
1）祈使句有兩種類型，一種是以動詞原形開頭，在動詞原形之前加do(但只限于省略第二人稱主語的句子)。
Takethisseat.
Dobecareful.
否定結構：
Don'tmove.
Don'tbelate.
2）第二種祈使句以let開頭。
Let的反意疑問句
a.Let's包括說話者
Let'shaveanothertry，shallwe/shan'twe
=Shallwehaveanothertry
b.Letus不包括說話者
Letushaveanothertry，willyou/won'tyou
=Willyoupleaseletushaveanothertry
否定結構：
Let'snottalkofthatmatter.
Letusnottalkofthatmatter.
二、感嘆句結構
感嘆句結構
感嘆句通常有what,how引導，表示贊美、驚嘆、喜悅、等感情。
what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞，感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種：掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感嘆句的重點。
How+形容詞+a+名詞+陳述語序
How+形容詞或副詞+陳述語序
What+名詞+陳述語序
What+a+形容詞+名詞+陳述語序
What+形容詞+復數名詞+陳述語序
What+形容詞+不可數名詞+陳述語序
Howcleveraboyheis!
Howlovelythebabyis!
Whatnoisetheyaremaking!
Whatacleverboyheis!
Whatwonderfulideas(wehave)!
Whatcoldweatheritis!
感嘆句的省略形式為：
Whatacleverboy(heis)!
典型例題
1）___foodyou'vecooked!
A.HowaniceB.WhataniceC.HowniceD.Whatnice
答案D.由于How修飾形容詞，副詞；what修飾名詞。且food為不可數名詞，因此A，B排除。CHow+adj.后面不能再加名詞，因此只有D正確，其句型為What+adj.+n.(不可數)
2）___terribleweatherwe'vebeenhavingthesedays!
A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa
答案A.weather為不可數名詞，B，D排除。C為how+adj.后面不應有名詞。只有A，符合句型What+形容詞+不可數名詞。
3)---_____Ihad!
---Youreallysufferedalot.
A.WhatatimeB.WhattimeC.HowatimeD.howtime
答案A.感嘆句分兩類：
1：What+n.+主謂部分
2：How+adj./adv./v.+主謂部分。本題屬第一種，但省略了bad，相對于WhatabadtimeIhad!這是個習慣用語。
三、句子的種類
句子的種類
（一）按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。
1）陳述句（DeclarativeSentences）：說明一個事實或陳述一種看法。
Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比聲速度快。（說明事實）
Thefilmisratherboring.這部電影很乏味。
（說明看法）
2）疑問句（InterrogativeSentences）：提出問題。有以下四種：
a.一般疑問句（GeneralQuestions）：
Canyoufinishtheworkintime
你能按時完成工作嗎
b.特殊疑問句（WQuestions;HQuestions）：
Wheredoyoulive你住那兒
Howdoyouknowthat你怎么知道那件事
c.選擇疑問句（AlternativeQuestions）：
Doyouwantteaorcoffee
你是要茶還是要咖啡
d.反意疑問句（Tag-Questions）：
Hedoesn'tknowher,doeshe
他不認識她，對不對
3）祈使句（ImperativeSentences）：提出請求，建議或發出命令，例如：
Sitdown,please.請坐。
Don'tbenervous!別緊張！
4）感嘆句（ExclamatorySentences）：表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒，例如：
Whatgoodnewsitis!多好的消息啊！
（二）句子按其結構可以分為以下三類：
1）簡單句（SimpleSentences）：只包含一個主謂結構句子叫簡單句，例如：
Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她喜歡集郵。
(主)(謂)
2）并列句（CompoundSentences）：包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結構的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接，例如：
Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.
(主)(謂)(主)(謂)
食物很精美，但他卻沒什么胃口。
3）復合句（ComplexSentences）：包含一個主句從句和一個或幾個從句的句子叫復合句，從句由從屬連詞引導，例如：
Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.
主句從句
我們到達電影院的時候，電影已經開演了。
（三）基本句型（BasicSentencePatterns）：英語中千變萬化的句子歸根結底都是由以下五種基本句型組合、擴展、變化而來的：
1）主+動（SV）例如：
Iwork.我工作。
2）主+動+表（SVP）例如：
Johnisbusy.約翰忙。
3）主+動+賓（SVO）例如：
ShestudiesEnglish.她學英語。
4）主+動+賓+補（SVOC）例如：
Timewouldprovemeright.時間會證明我是對的。
5）主+動+間賓+直賓（SVOiOd）例如：
Mymothermademeanewdress.我母親給我做了一件新衣裳。
need/want
http://m.okwtrl.com
注意：當need,want,require,worth(形容詞)后面接doing也可以表示被動。
Yourhairwantscutting.你的頭發該理了。
Thefloorrequireswashing.地板需要沖洗。
Thebookisworthreading.這本書值得一讀。
典型例題
Thelibraryneeds___,butit'llhavetowaituntilSunday.
A.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned
答案A.need(實意)+n/todo，need(情態)+do，當為被動語態時，還可need+doing.本題考最后一種用法，選A。如有tobeclean則也為正確答案。
典：done，"不可能已經"。mustnotdo不可以（用于一般現在時)。
四、被動表示主動
被動形式表示主動意義
bedetermined,bepleased,begraduated(from),befinished,beprepared(for),beoccupied(in),getmarries
Heisgraduatedfromafamousuniversity.
他畢業于一所有名的大學。
注意：表示同某人結婚，用marrysb.或getmarriedtosb.都可。
Hemarriedarichgirl.
Hegotmarriedtoarichgirl.
五、主動表示被動
主動形式表示被動意義
1)wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell,drive…Thebooksellswell.這本書銷路好。
Thisknifecutseasily.這刀子很好用。
2)blame,let(出租),remain,keep,rent,build
Iwastoblamefortheaccident.
Muchworkremains.
3)在need,require,want,worth(形容詞),deserve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。
Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.
Thisroomneedscleaning.這房間應該打掃一下。
Thisbookisworthreading.這本書值得一讀。
4)特殊結構： http://m.okwtrl.com (使別人能聽見/理解自己)，havesth.done(要某人做某事)。
六、不用被動語態
不用被動語態的情況
1)不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態：
appear,diedisappear,end(vi.結束),fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,standbreakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.
Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.
比較：rise,fall,happen是不及物動詞；raise,seat是及物動詞。
(錯)Thepricehasbeenrisen.
(對)Thepricehasrisen.
(錯)Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.
(對)Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.
(錯)Thepricehasraised.
(對)Thepricehasbeenraised.
(錯)Pleaseseat.
(對)Pleasebeseated.
要想正確地使用被動語態，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學習過程中多留意積累。
2)不能用于被動語態的及物動詞或動詞短語：
fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto
Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.
Yourstoryagreeswithwhathadalreadybeenheard.
3)系動詞無被動語態：
appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,
turn
Itsoundsgood.
4)帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態：
die,death,dream,live,life
Shedreamedabaddreamlastnight.
5)當賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態。
(對)Shelikestoswim.
(錯)Toswimislikedbyher.
表示"據說"或"相信"的詞組
believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understandItissaidthat…據說
Itisreportedthat…據報道
Itisbelievedthat…大家相信
Itishopedthat…大家希望
Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知
Itisthoughtthat…大家認為
Itissuggestedthat…據建議
Itistakengrantedthat…被視為當然
Ithasbeendecidedthat…大家決定
Itmustberememberthat…務必記住的是
ItissaidthatshewillleaveforWuhanonTuesday.
2016年中考英語語法句子結構專題
專題十三句子的結構測試過關
考號：______姓名：_____________做題時間：25分鐘得分：__________I.判斷下列句子是簡單句（A）并列句（B），還是復合句（C）
()1.Idon’tlikeEnglishwhilemysisterisgoodatit.
()2.Whenyoucamein,shewaswashingherclothes.
()3.Ifyoudon’tgothere,theywillnotbehappy.
()4.WiththehelpofmygoodfriendWeiWei,Isucceededinpassingtheexam.
()5.Haveyoueverseenthemanwhoiswearingaredcap?
II.單項選擇。
()1.Mr.SmithknowslittleChinese,____hecan'tunderstandChinesecultureatall.
A.soB.orC.butD.for
()2.—Canyouplaybasketball?
—Yes,Ican,____Ican'tplayitverywell.
A.orB.andC.soD.but
()3.Thewarwasoverabouttwoweeksago,_____thesoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotofproblemstodealwith.
A.orB.andC.butD.so
()4.Youmuststudyhard,_____youwillfallbehindothers.
A.andB.butC.soD.or
()5.Takeexerciseeverymorning,____youwillbecomemuchstronger.
A.orB.andC.butD.while
()6.Holdonyouridea,______you'resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.
A.andB.orC.butD.so
()7.—WillyougoonTuesdayorWednesday?
—I'mafraid______dayispossible.I'llbeverybusynextweek.
A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.also
()8.____Jim_____Jackmaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayintheschool.
A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;nor
C.Both;andD.Either;or
()9.Becarefulwithdangerousanimals,_____you'llbehurt.
A.andB.butC.orD.so
()10.—Didn'tyougiveflowerstoyourMotheronMother'sDay?
—Oh,notonlymymother,______mygrandmagotredroses.
A.orB.andC.butD.until
()11.Whatdoyouthinkofthetwopairsoftrousers?
Theydon'tfitmewell.Theyare_toobig_toosmall.
A.notonly;butalsoB.both;and
C.neither;norD.either;or
()12.Stopcuttingtreesdown,_____theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.
A.andB.thenCbutD.or
()13.Myfatherboughtmeatoycar____Ilikeditverymuch.
A.andB.soC.butD.or
()14.Everybodywenttothepark,______Ididn't.
A.getB.orC.butD.so
()15.—Hello,MiWhite!
—I'msorry,_____Idon'tthinkIknowyou.
A.andB.orC.butD.because
()16.Thelittlegirlisveryyoung_____shecanlookafterherselfwell.
A.soB.butC.ifD.or
()17.Lilyputherhandsbehindherback,____nobodycouldseethem.
A.soB.andC.orD.but
()18.NeitheryounorI_____fromAustralia.WearefromtheUSA.
A.isB.areC.amD.be
()19.—Wecanlearnknowledge____frombooks_____fromlife.
—Yes,bothareimportant.
A.either；orB.notonly；butalso
Cneither；norD.not；and
()20._______IarriveinBeijing,I’llcallyouup.
A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Although
()21.Iwon’tgetsucceeded__yougivemeahand.
A.unlessB.ifnotC.exceptD.whether
()22.Bencouldn’tbeintheofficeatthattime_____howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.
A.becauseB.butC.whomD.Though
()23.IhadbeentoXi’anlong______youvisitedit.
A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when
()24._______,heisgoodatdrawing.
A.TobeachildB.Achildasheis
C.AsachildD.Childasheis
()25.Don’tloseheart___youhavefailedtheexam.
A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however
()26.Wecangettotheairportontime_____thereisn’tanytrafficjam（堵塞）.
A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif
()27.Thepencilboxontheleftis______thantheoneontheright,andnot_____.
A.morenicer；soexpensive
B.muchmorebetter；asexpensive
C.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；suchexpensive
()28.Itwasn’tlong______shejoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.and
()29.Thesenewplanescanfly__thantheoldones.
A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfast
C.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster
()30._______hadthebellrung______thestudentswentintotheclassroom.
A.Hardly；whenB.Nosooner；when
C.Hardly；thanD.Nosooner；then
()31.______youhavecome,let’sstayandenjoyit.
A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since
()32.You’dbetterdo_____youareasked.
A.likeB.whichC.thatD.as
()33.______thatnoneofuscouldfollowher.
A.ShespokeveryfastB.Sofastshespoke
C.ToofastshespokeD.Sofastdidshespeak
()34.I’llsetoffearly,______itmaybedarkwhenIgetthere.
A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.otherwise
()35._____thebabyfellasleep______theroom.
A.After；didthemotherleave
B.Notuntil；didthemotherleave
C.Notuntil；themotherleft
D.Soonafter；themotherhadleft
()36.Lilycan’thavegoneout,__thelightisstillon.
A.andB.butC.beforeD.for
()37.Iwaswalkingalongthebank_____Iheardacryfromtheriver.
A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as
()38.Weshouldn’tdothechemistryexperiment________theteacheriswithas.
A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongas
()39.Shehas____littleeducation_____sheisunabletofindajob.
A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and
()40.Iwillgo______ourmotherlandneedsmemostaftergraduation.
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.what
()41.Doyouknowtheboy______motherisanactress?
A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that
()42.Canyoutellmethereason______youalwayscometoschoollate?
A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that
()43.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______thechancetogototheUSA.
A.haveB.getC.getsD.grasp
()44.Iamlookingforaquietplacein______IcanstudyEnglish.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.who
()45.Doyoustillrememberthedays______weplayedhideandseekgamestogether?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why
()46.All______shouldcomehavecome.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose
()47.Tomgotthefirstplaceinthecompetition,_____madeothersunhappy.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.what
()48.Thesituation______hehastofaceisveryserious.
A.whereB.whomC.whichD.why
()49.Itisforthethirdtime______hehascometoschoollate.
A.whenB.whoC.thatD.which
()50.Itisthetallestbuilding_____Ihaveeverseeninmylife.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whom
【質量標準控制考試滿分過關】
以上50小題中，做錯的題目有：
____________________________________；解決日期是：________________________；解決途徑：__________________________；感謝恩人：__________________________.1—5:BCCAC
中考英語語法考前一網打盡(句子結構)
專題十三句子的結構測試過關
考號：______姓名：_____________做題時間：25分鐘得分：__________
I.判斷下列句子是簡單句（A）并列句（B），還是復合句（C）
()1.Idon’tlikeEnglishwhilemysisterisgoodatit.
()2.Whenyoucamein,shewaswashingherclothes.
()3.Ifyoudon’tgothere,theywillnotbehappy.()4.WiththehelpofmygoodfriendWeiWei,Isucceededinpassingtheexam.
()5.Haveyoueverseenthemanwhoiswearingaredcap?II.單項選擇。
()1.Mr.SmithknowslittleChinese,____hecan'tunderstandChinesecultureatall.A.soB.orC.butD.for()2.—Canyouplaybasketball?
—Yes,Ican,____Ican'tplayitverywell.A.orB.andC.soD.but
()3.Thewarwasoverabouttwoweeksago,_____thesoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotofproblemstodealwith.
A.orB.andC.butD.so
()4.Youmuststudyhard,_____youwillfallbehindothers.
A.andB.butC.soD.or
()5.Takeexerciseeverymorning,____youwillbecomemuchstronger.
A.orB.andC.butD.while()6.Holdonyouridea,______you'resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.
A.andB.orC.butD.so()7.—WillyougoonTuesdayorWednesday?
—I'mafraid______dayispossible.I'llbeverybusynextweek.
A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.also()8.____Jim_____Jackmaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayintheschool.A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or
()9.Becarefulwithdangerousanimals,_____you'llbehurt.
A.andB.butC.orD.so()10.—Didn'tyougiveflowerstoyourMotheronMother'sDay?
—Oh,notonlymymother,______mygrandmagotredroses.
A.orB.andC.butD.until()11.Whatdoyouthinkofthetwopairsoftrousers?Theydon'tfitmewell.Theyare_toobig_toosmall.A.notonly;butalsoB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;or
()12.Stopcuttingtreesdown,_____theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.
A.andB.thenCbutD.or()13.Myfatherboughtmeatoycar____Ilikeditverymuch.
A.andB.soC.butD.or()14.Everybodywenttothepark,______Ididn't.A.getB.orC.butD.so()15.—Hello,MiWhite!
—I'msorry,_____Idon'tthinkIknowyou.A.andB.orC.butD.because()16.Thelittlegirlisveryyoung_____shecanlookafterherselfwell.
A.soB.butC.ifD.or()17.Lilyputherhandsbehindherback,____nobodycouldseethem.
A.soB.andC.orD.but()18.NeitheryounorI_____fromAustralia.WearefromtheUSA.
A.isB.areC.amD.be()19.—Wecanlearnknowledge____frombooks_____fromlife.
—Yes,bothareimportant.
A.either；orB.notonly；butalsoCneither；norD.not；and
()20._______IarriveinBeijing,I’llcallyouup.A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Although
()21.Iwon’tgetsucceeded__yougivemeahand.A.unlessB.ifnotC.exceptD.whether()22.Bencouldn’tbeintheofficeatthattime_____howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.
A.becauseB.butC.whomD.Though()23.IhadbeentoXi’anlong______youvisitedit.A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when()24._______,heisgoodatdrawing.A.TobeachildB.AchildasheisC.AsachildD.Childasheis
()25.Don’tloseheart___youhavefailedtheexam.A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however()26.Wecangettotheairportontime_____thereisn’tanytrafficjam（堵塞）.
A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif()27.Thepencilboxontheleftis______thantheoneontheright,andnot_____.A.morenicer；soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter；asexpensive
C.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；suchexpensive()28.Itwasn’tlong______shejoinedthearmy.A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.and()29.Thesenewplanescanfly__thantheoldones.A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfastC.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster()30._______hadthebellrung______thestudentswentintotheclassroom.
A.Hardly；whenB.Nosooner；whenC.Hardly；thanD.Nosooner；then()31.______youhavecome,let’sstayandenjoyit.A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since()32.You’dbetterdo_____youareasked.A.likeB.whichC.thatD.as()33.______thatnoneofuscouldfollowher.A.ShespokeveryfastB.SofastshespokeC.ToofastshespokeD.Sofastdidshespeak()34.I’llsetoffearly,______itmaybedarkwhenIgetthere.
A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.otherwise()35._____thebabyfellasleep______theroom.A.After；didthemotherleaveB.Notuntil；didthemotherleaveC.Notuntil；themotherleftD.Soonafter；themotherhadleft
()36.Lilycan’thavegoneout,__thelightisstillon.A.andB.butC.beforeD.for()37.Iwaswalkingalongthebank_____Iheardacryfromtheriver.
A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as()38.Weshouldn’tdothechemistryexperiment________theteacheriswithas.
A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongas()39.Shehas____littleeducation_____sheisunabletofindajob.
A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and()40.Iwillgo______ourmotherlandneedsmemostaftergraduation.
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.what()41.Doyouknowtheboy______motherisanactress?
A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that()42.Canyoutellmethereason______youalwayscometoschoollate?
A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that()43.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______thechancetogototheUSA.
A.haveB.getC.getsD.grasp()44.Iamlookingforaquietplacein______IcanstudyEnglish.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.who()45.Doyoustillrememberthedays______weplayedhideandseekgamestogether?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why()46.All______shouldcomehavecome.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose()47.Tomgotthefirstplaceinthecompetition,_____madeothersunhappy.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.what()48.Thesituation______hehastofaceisveryserious.
A.whereB.whomC.whichD.why()49.Itisforthethirdtime______hehascometoschoollate.
A.whenB.whoC.thatD.which()50.Itisthetallestbuilding_____Ihaveeverseeninmylife.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whom
【質量標準控制考試滿分過關】以上50小題中，做錯的題目有：
____________________________________；解決日期是：________________________；解決途徑：__________________________；感謝恩人：__________________________.1—5:BCCAC