如果你留心原版雜志和閱讀材料它的動詞用法無處不在，各國政府之間存在著利益糾紛很難達成一致。
變句子的方法
變的方法：
1、Iam變一般疑問句用Areyou
2、有be調be(isare)
有情調情(canmustshould)
3、無情無be用dodoes
單個人名也一樣I,we,you,they要用dohe、she，it用does
變的方法：
1、變否定，很容易，有be（amisare）有情（can）在后加not莫忘記
2、無情無be在主語后加上don’t，doesn’t
I，you,we,they用don’t
he、she，it和單個人名用doesn’t
變“三單”的方法：
1、變“三單”的原則：
人換人be換be
2、動詞變三單：一般情況
以sshcho
+Sx結尾的單詞+es
單數變復數的方法：
1、be動詞的用法：
I用am,you用are,
is跟著he,she,it
單數amis,復數are我們都要記牢它。
2、人稱單數變復數：I要變成We
HeSheIt要用They
3、名詞單數變復數：一般情況+S
以sshchox結尾的單詞+
es
雅思寫作讓句子變得多樣性的方法？
雅思寫作讓句子變得多樣性的方法？學生希望在雅思寫作中表現良好，總是對雅思寫作評分標準特別在意。他們認為詞匯的重要性遠大于一切，甚至在雅思寫作范文大全中，也特地留意當中的常用詞匯。
1.詞匯語法多樣性的體現
1).詞性的多樣性
有調查指出，中國學生在雅思寫作中最常出現的詞性為動詞，因為我們腦中時刻緊記著以前語文老師要求的只有用動詞才能寫出生動的文章，才能體現我們的博覽群書。然而英語中卻不盡然。通過對大多高分范文的分析，不難發現，除了動詞詞組的運用，各種的名詞的使用更得考官的青睞，更能體現外國人的文風。拿小作文的發展趨勢做例子，大家都知道增加、降低等動詞的表達，如increasesteadily,decreasesharply等，但轉換一種方式用名詞的形式表達，就更顯得多樣了,如experienceasteadyincrease,undergoasharpdecrease。而如"surface"一詞，學生經常只會用它的名詞用法“......的表面”，卻從來不用它的動詞形式。如果你留心原版雜志和閱讀材料,它的動詞用法無處不在。例如"Thefactofhisplansurfaced"這里的"surface"就相當于"appear"。所以不管什么詞性，只要用了不能的表達方法，其結果都是不同的。當然是指正確的表達方法。
2).同義詞多樣性
在雅思寫作評分標準中，比較忌諱的是：車轱轆話來回說。如果一個相同的詞在250字的文中出現了不下三次，那么作為學生自己，也會覺得自己的文章沒有可看性，更別提考官，可見此學生語言功底一般，又怎么拿得到高分。而如果一篇文章，關于同個詞卻有三四中表達方法，無疑給這篇文章加分不少。其實同義詞也是展現一個學生英語水平的一個媒介。中國學生最常用的形容詞就是good,不管是修飾什么名詞，用上再說，殊不知這已經給這篇文章打了個相對低的起評分，所以如何來表達不同的“好”呢?我們就可以用excellent,marvellous,gorgeous,splendid,wonderful等。再如不要一想到“越來越多”就用“moreandmore”嘗試用“anincreasingnumber”這樣不同的詞來表達，勢必會給平淡的文章增添亮點。
3).句式結構的多樣性
用豐富多彩的句型，也是雅思寫作能得高分的標準之一。雅思寫作范文大全不僅是對詞匯的掌控，更重要的是看范文當中的語句有怎樣的多樣變化。例如有這樣一個句型："Ifwedon'trecognizethe..."我們是否可以替換為："Failuretorecognize..."，再如“sth.happenedin1998.”我們也可以替換為“1998sawsthhappening.”這樣顯得更加的地道。此處還推薦學生能用不同的從句寫出漂亮的句子，為文章加分。當然，這并不是意味著整篇文章都是復合句或并列句，如果能很好的做到長短句結合，使文章通順連貫，也是能得到考官喜歡的。
2.幾點建議
在簡單介紹了詞匯語法多樣性的體現后，小編將提出幾點建議，促進考生在備考中做好準備。
1).做好詞匯短語的積累工作。很多考生有這樣一個誤區，他們認為只要背了某些參考書上所謂的模板，再積累些論據，寫作的問題就迎刃而解了，殊不知，卻得到了本文開始的結果。當然這里的積累并非死記硬背，而是通過將一個單詞的不同形式，以及其同義表達等放在一起記憶就事半功倍。若遇到一個新詞，就要在腦中搜尋它的相關信息，這樣一來，就能在考試這么短的時間中馬上浮現了。但是一次的記憶是遠遠不夠的，所以適時的重復記憶也非常重要。
2).多看高分范文，并對其中的詞匯句型多樣性進行總結。考生在備考過程中看范文時往往只是從整體上學習了其論據的安排，而忽略了細節的詞匯句型的運用，所以教師在上課時也要合理安排時間，將一部分用在對其的講解上。學生最好準備一本筆記本專門用做記錄好詞好句和其轉換形式。
3).加強練習。經常有學生問，雅思寫作提高是不是只要多寫幾篇就可以了，其實答案是否定的。我這里所指的加強練習是在一定的基礎之上的，即學生已經基本掌握了雅思寫作的各項要求。那么這樣練習才能有的放矢。通過幾次的練習，能檢查出學生多樣性的掌握情況，并對癥下藥，了解不足處，在真正考試中能突圍而出。
句子變長的四個方法
引導句
EveryonesaysthatIloveyou
NoonecandenythatEnglishisdifficultManypeoplethinkthat
將people具體化
Expert
Economist
Environmentalist
ecologist
sociologist
psychologist
physiciandoctor
therapist
observer
researcher
scientist…
consider
maintain
believe
remain
holdtheopinionthat
agree
support
analyze
suggest
worry
concern
warn
estimate
predict
itisequallytruethat
thereisnodenyingthat
noonecandenythat
thereisnodoubtthat
noonecandoubtthat
itiswidelybelievedthat
universallycommonly
accepted
itissurprising/amazing/interesting…thatwearesurprised/glad/pleasedtofindthatwhatattracts/surprises/impressesusisthat1形容詞
Good:
Excellentoutstanding
Remarkablesignificant
Beautiful:CharmingattractiveFascinatingfantasticBig:Tremendous
Enormous
Immense
gigantic
important:
Pivotal
Essential
Critical
Crucial
Many:
CountlessvariousDiversenumerousExceptional
Immediate
Impressive
30篇范文劃出
排列出前20名---程度副詞Considerably
Awfully
Largely
Greatly
Extremely
Deeply
地點
生活
Downtown
Suburb
Metropolis
Countryside
MountainousareaCity
Supermarket
Shoppingmall
Hospital
crowdedareaplaceregion學習
Campus
University
College
Institute
Primaryschool
Library
Laboratory
Englishcorner
Bookstore…
Workplace
MeetingconferenceOffice
Firm
Corporation…
Inthepast20yearsSince1978
OverthelasttenyearsDuring
InthisageanddayAtpresent
Inthese10years
Inmodernsociety/time/lifeInthisgoldenage
InthedifficulttimesIneverydaylife
未來
Inthenearfuture
Inthenot-too-distantfutureIntheforeseeablefuture
Inthefollowing/next5yearsAssoonaspossible…并列
HistoryandcultureEconomyandpoliticCustomandtraditionUniversityandcollegeCar
house
road
mind
computer
love
country
society
health
emotion
網絡的作用
1交流更加順暢（速度）
http://m.okwtrl.com hepast,therearemanytriumphsintheworldoftechnology.Tothis
date,peoplecancommunicateoverthousandsofmileswiththegreatestofease.Theinternetconnectsnearly400millionusersandworldwideandisanessentialpartofhowwework,play,communicate,andconductcommerce.Weusetheinternetinwaysthatseemedunimaginableinthepast.
2網絡提供便利
Providesconvenienceforpeopletolearnathome.
Distant-learning(DL)hasbecomeacommonteachingtypeinmostofuniversities,especiallyinsomeprivateones.（wheneverandwherever）
Busineintheinternetisagrowingtechnology.
Busineontheinternethasnogeographicboundaries,ithasaccetomoreconsumers,approximately150businessesjointheinterneteveryday.
3滿足人的情感需要和心理需求
Theconvenienceandtheanonymityprovidedbytheinternethaveledsomepeopletoturntotheinternetforemotionalandpsychologicalneeds.Thenethasbecomeameansandmethodnotonlyfordoingbusiness,butalsoforreachingpeopleonasocialandpersonallevel.
4網絡的危害
盜取賬戶
Reprogramthetelephonetoworkoffsomeone’saccount.
軟件盜版
Piratesofsoftwares.
匿名銷售違法品
Drugs,weapons,highpowerguns,bombs,
色情內容泛濫
Childpornography
暴力內容
Violencefilmsandotherprograms
5技術發展的幾大作用
Destructionofhumancapital(oldtechnologiesarenotwanted)
Technologicalunemployment
Wideningdisparitiesinthedistributionofincome,whichtendstobethetemporaryuntilthesupplyoflaborcatchesupthenewmixofskillrequirements
Changesinrequirededucation
Infrastructure
Rulesandregulations(intellectualpropertyandantimonopoly)
Thewayweliveandinteractwitheachother
6技術對社會和環境的影響
Technologyhasaffectedsocietyanditssurroundingsinanumberofways.
Inmanysocieties,technologyhashelpeddevelopmoreadvancedeconomiesandhasallowedtheriseofaleisureclass.
Manytechnologicalprocessesproduceunwantedby-products,knownaspollution,anddeplete(耗盡)naturalresources,tothedetrimentoftheearthanditsenvironment.
Variousimplementationsoftechnologyinfluencethevaluesofasocietyandnewtechnologyoftenraisesnewethicalquestions.
7對家庭的影響
FilipinosarenowabletosenttextmessagestotheirrelativesintheunitedstatesandEurope.Singaporeanswho
areworkingoverseasareabletokeepintouchwiththeirfamiliesbackhomeviatheinternet.ChildrenofexpatriateLaosareabletolearnmoreabouttheirparents’homecountry.
更多的科技問題
移動電話人工智能數字化生存虛擬現實技術克隆人體試驗
克隆
1用克隆技術來培育具有特定生理性狀的人，對于作為自然物種一部分的人類的發展是一種過強的干預2克隆用于人體繁殖，增加家庭多元化的發展，從根本上改變人際關系
3侵害了人類擁有獨特基因的權利
建議
優化知識結構，變革倫理理念
科學家法學家密切合作
加強與公眾的溝通，聽取意見
新聞與媒體
媒體的第四權力
thefourththeory
媒體的偏見
Mediabias
從業人員隨意選擇
Journalistandnewsproducersinthemamediacandecidewhicheventswillbereportedandhowtheyarecovered.
Practicallimitationstomedianeutralityincludetheinabilityofjournaliststoreportallavailablestoriesandfacts,andtherequirementthatselectedfactsbelinkedintoacoherentnarrative(記述).
Sinceitisimpossibletoreporteverything,mediabiasisinevitable。
各種上層施壓
Governmentinfluencebiasesthemediainsomecountries.
Marketforcesthatcanresultinabiasedpresentationincludetheownershipofthenewssource.
性別歧視
Womenarealwaystheonecooking,cleaning,doinghouseholdtasksortakingcareofchildren.
Theyareportrayed/describedasbeingemotionallyandphysicallyinferiorandsubmissivetomen.
Womenarevisualizedasweakcreaturesandtheytendtobeconfinedtolifeadictated/controlledbyfamilyandpersonalrelationship.
Indailyshowssuchassoapoperas,womenareusuallyhysterical,cryingandemotionallyoutofcontrolwhichpersonifieswomenasbeinginferiorsexandthisleadstomanyfalsestereotypes.
同理：少數族群的偏見
語言的障礙
Language,withouttranslation,canimposeabarriertoaworldwidecommunityofdebateandopinion.Furthermore,ifthelanguageistranslated,thetranslatorhasroomtomakeabiasbychoosingweighedwordsfortranslationwhichcanbemisleading.
對孩子的影響
Childreneverywherearebeingbornintoaworldofimagesandmassageswhicharelargelyseparatedfromtheirhome,schoolandspirituallives.
Insocietytoday,storytellersareseldomparents,grandparents,teachersorclergy,insteadtheyaresomethingdistantforcesofsomethingtosell.
Historicaldisagreementconcerningtheeffectofviolencerevealedinworksofartandentertainmenthaveresonatedovercenturies.
Wemustaskourselveswhetherornotourversionsofentertainmentexhibitanymoreviolencethatpastformsofrecreation,forexamplegladiatorialgamesandpublichangings.
電視暴力的影響
A1993reportbytheAmericanpsychologicalAssociationstated:
1viewingviolenceincreasesofbecomingavictimofviolence,withanincreaseinself-protectivebehaviorandanincreaseinmistrust.
2viewingviolencediminishesthevigilancetoviolence,resultingininsensibleattitudetowardviolence.Inferior
3violentprogrammingincreasestheviewersappetite/desireforbecominginvolvedorexposingthemselvestoviolence.
4forchildren,themoreachildcanrelatedtoaviolentprogram,themorelikelyheorshewillbetoemulatethecharacters’actions.
Moreimportantly,bytheageofthreethechildwillbegintoimitatethetvcharacters.
Mostparentsdonotrealizethatwhetheraggressionispresentedinarealisticwayorinacartoon,itmakesnodifferencetoachildwhohasadifficulttimedifferentiatingbetweenthetwo.
全球化概述
Globalizationcanbefoundinfivedifferentareas:economic,cultural,political,religious,andsocialsystem.關鍵詞
文化的同質性
Pushuptheriskof
Homogenization、assimilate
ofcultureandcustom
Ineconomics,globalizationistheconvergenceoftalent,advancedresource,price,products,wages,ratesofinterests,wealthandprofit.
Consequently,
全球化的在十大領域的影響
1
Industrial---emergenceofworldwideproductionmarketsandbroaderaccetoarangeofforeignproductsforconsumersandcompanies.
Worldwideproductsmarketwillmakeforeignproductsandideasavailable.
Domesticconsumerscaneasilypurchaseforeign/overseasgoodssuchaselectronicdevicesandautomobiles.
2financial---emergenceofworldwidefinancialmarketsandbetteraccetoexternalfinancingforcorporatePlayanessentialrolein
Inflowingofcapital/fund/investmentanditwillpromote/boost/
Facilitateeconomy
3economic---realizationofaglobalcommon/unitedmarket,basedonthefreedomofexchange/interactionof
goodsandcapital.
4
political---
politicalglobalizationisacreationofaworldgovernment/internationalorganization/associationwhichregulatestherelationshipsamongnationsandguaranteestherightsarisingfromsocialandeconomicglobalization.
Trans-continental
5increaseininformationflowsbetweengeographicallyremotelocations.
6theadventofglobalenvironmentalchallengesthatcannotbesolvedwithoutinternationalcooperation,suchasclimatechange,cross-boundarywaterandairpollution,over-fishing(commercialkilling)oftheocean,andthespreadofinvasive/endangeredspecies.
Manyfactoriesarebuiltindevelopingcountrieswheretheycanpollutefreely.
7studentsleavinghomestudyabroad
Immigrant
Globalizationlaysafirmfoundationfor
theachievementoffreecirculationbypeopleofallnations
Butitsbeneficialtotheimprovementofcivilizationinsomeless-civilizedareas.
8increase/pushuptheriskofdeathrateofthetransportationorhighwaysaccidents
9growthofcross-culturalcontacts,adventofnewcategoriesofconsciousneandidentitiessuchasglobalism---whichembodiesculturaldiffusion,thedesiretoconsumeandenjoytheforeigngoods,productsandideas,adoptnewtechnologyandpractice,andparticipateinaworldculture.
Globalizationcontributestocross-culturalcontact.
10developmentofaglobaltelecommunicationinfrastructureandgreatertransborderdataflow,usingsuchtechnologiesastheinternet,communicationsatellites,submarinecableandwireletelephones.
Promote/boost/facilitatethedevelopmentoftelecommunicationinfrastructure
Internet,submarinecable,wireletelephone
教育類思維素材
教育的三大作用
Theprosperityofcivilsocietydependsoneducatingyoungpeopletobecomeresponsible,thoughtfulandenterprisingcitizens.
Diligentprominentoutstandingambitious
Thisisachallengingtaskrequiring（involving）deepunderstandingofethicalprinciples,moralvalues,politicaltheory,aestheticsandeconomics(history,philosophy,psychology,.
人的一生應該學習的科目
物理學---能變得怎么樣化學數學accurate社會sociology哲學神學
Theology
Calmsophisticated
Thoughtfulaccurate
Progreineverypracticalfielddependsonhavingcapacitiesthatschoolingcaneducate.建筑醫學architecture
Educationisthusameanstofostertheindividual’s,society’s,andevenhumanity’sfuturedevelopmentandprosperity.
One’sindividualdevelopmentandthecapacitytofulfillone’sownpurposescandependonanadequate
http://m.okwtrl.com
個性化教育的必要性和實施
Oneaspectofeducationthatmustbeconsideredisthatallstudentsaredifferent,withdifferent(various,unique,exceptional)backgrounds,knowledge,interestsandlearningstyles.Eachstudentsthusshouldbetreatedindividually.
Thekeytoachievingeffectivelearningistousetheinteractivecapabilitiesofmoderncomputers.Ifcomputerlearningmaterialistoconsiderandassistwithindividualstudentproblems,itispossibletofindoutwhatthestudentneedshelpwithandprovidethathelp.
課程的多樣性
Variouschanging
Todayinsuchachangingsocietyitwouldbeimpossibletohaveacurriculum/coursenotreflectingsuchchange.Livinginchangingenvironmenteffectsandchangeswhateachindividualinthestateisexpectedtoknow.在線學習
Distance/Onlinelearningsignifies/meansacourseinwhichtheinstructionspostsyllabi,readingassignments/homeworkandschedulesonwebsites,andstudentssendin/submittheirassignmentsbye-mail.Generallyspeaking,facetofacecommunicationwithaninstructorisminimizedoreliminatedaltogether.
Manystudentstakeinternet–basedcoursesmainlybecausetheycanworkontherequiredcourseswheneverandwherever.
Fromschools’perspective,thereisalotofmoneytobesaved.(theycancutdowntheexpenseonadramaticlevel.)Themorestudents/individualswhoenrollinacoursebutdon’tcometocampus/classroom,themoretheschoolsavesonkeepingthelights(airconditioners,computers)onintheclassroom,payingthedoorkeepers(parkingattendants),andmaintainingparkinglots.
Thereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredeffort(commitment).
環保類素材
工業廢物
Mostmoderntechnologicalprocessesproduceunwantedby-productsinadditiontothedesiredproducts,whichareknownasindustrialwasteandpollution.
很多不被需要的副產品被制造在科技中，比如說
Sometechnologicalaredesignedspecificallyforenvironmentalprotection,butmostaredesignedoriginallyinpurposeofeconomicorfinancialeffects.
因為廢物被循環、重復使用，釋放
Duetothefactthatmostmaterialwasteisreused(recycled)intheindustrialprocess,manyformsarereleasedtotheenvironment,withnegativeenvironmentpollution,suchaspollutionandlackofsustainability.
人們關注環境，將決定于基本需求被滿足
隨著財富wealth的增長growthincrease，基本需要被滿足satisfiedachievedfulfilled，人類將會關注payattentionto/focuson/concentrateon環境ecology。
Acleanenvironmentistheresultofanincreaseinthewealthofsociety,becauseoncepeopleareabletoprovidefortheirbasicneeds,theyareabletofocusonless-tangiblegoodssuchascleanairandwater.
空氣污染物對健康的影響
關鍵詞
空氣污染airpollution
傷害harm
忽視overlook,neglect,ignore
prompt/Immediateanddirectharmduetoairpollutiontohumanbodiesisusuallyoverlookedandover-shadowed.
Withthegreatconcernsurroundingthedestructionoftheearth’satmosphereduetoairpollution,theimmediate/promptanddirectharmcausedtothehumanbodyisoftenover-shadowed.
Whilemanyareawarethatourcareleuseofhazardouschemicalsandfossilfuelsmayleavetheplanetuninhabitableinthefuture,mostoverlookthefactthattheyarealsocausingrealdamagetoourbodiesatthemoment.
Suchpollutantscausedamage/harm/influence/affecttoourrespiratorysystem,leadingtothefluctuationtothelifespan.
Telephoneradiationcaninfluenceourbrain,leadingtodisorder/fluctuation/deseaseinmind
全球化的影響
全球化意味signify著更多的交通，比如飛機，輪船等，而這些會制造很多污染物
Theriseinworldwidetradeandtheincreasinginteractionbetweencountrieshavestimulatedasignificantincreaseincross-boundarytransportation,suchasaircraftandferry.
Thishascausedawidevarietyofthreatstotheenvironment.
Andinternationaltransportationcanbepartlyblamedontheneedofglobalizedgoods.
Theinternationaltransportationisasignificantcontributortolocalairpollution,noiseannoyance,andcongestion.
Itiscontributingtotwomainglobalenvironmentalproblems:greenhouseeffectanddepletionoftheozonelayer.為什么很難進行環保行動
1發展綠色能源技術意味著要拋棄傳統技術，造成成本上的浪費
2各國政府之間存在著利益糾紛，很難達成一致。
Thereareconflictingviewpointsastotherolegovernmentplaystoinfluencetoreplacetechnologicallydamagingprocesseswithmoreecologicallysoundtechnologies.
Phasingoutcurrenttechnologiesisaburdenmanycorporationsareunwillingtotakeon
人類活動破壞動物棲息地
Mostofthespeciesextinctionsduringtherecent1000yearsareduetothehumanactivities,inparticulardestructionofplantandanimalhabitats.
Raisedratesofextinctionarebeingdrivenbyhumanconsumptionoforganicresource,especiallyrelatedtotropicalforestdestruction.
Mainfactorscontributingtoloofbiodiversityare:overpopulation,deforestation,pollution(air,water,soil),globalwarming(climatechange).
生物多樣性的好處
1resistancetocatastrophe/disaster
Monoculture,lackingbiodiversity,wasacontributingfactortoseveralagriculturaldisastersinhistory.
2foodanddrink
Biodiversityprovidesfoodforhumans.Althoughabout80percentofourfoodsupplycomesfromjust20kindsofplants,humansatleastuse40000speciesofplantsandanimalsaday.Thereisuntappedpotentialforincreasingtherangeoffoodproductssuitableforhumanconsumption,providedthatthehighpresentextinctionratecanbestopped.
3medicine
Asignificantproportion/percentageofdrugsarederived,directlyorindirectly,frombiologicalsources;inmostcasesthesemedicinescannotpresentlybesynthesizedinalaboratorysetting.
About40%ofthepharmaceuticalsusedintheUSaremanufacturedusingnaturalcompoundsfoundinplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.
4industrialmaterial
Awiderangeof/amajorityof/asizablepercentageofindustrialmaterialarederiveddirectlyfrombiologicalresources.Theseincludingbuildingmaterial,fibers,dyes,resins,gums,rubberandoil.Thereisenormouspotentialforfurtherresearchintosustainablyutilizingmaterialsfromawiderdiversityoforganisms.
5leisure,recreational,casual,culturalandaestheticvalue
Manypeoplederivevaluefrombiodiversitythroughleisureactivitiessuchashikinginthecountryside,bird-watchingornaturalhistorystudy.
Biodiversityhasinspiredmusicians,painters,sculptors, http://m.okwtrl.com
Popularactivitiessuchasgardeningandcollectingbuttefliesareallstronglydependentonbiodiversity.Philosophicallyspeaking,biodiversityhasintrinsicaestheticandspiritualvaluetomankind.
社會福利相關單詞
Examplesofsocialwelfareservicesincludethefollowing:
1compulsory/indispensiblesocialinsuranceprogramsbasedonincome
2freeorlowcostnursing,medicalandhospitalcareforthosewhoaresick,injured,handicappedorunabletocareforthemselves.Thismayalsoincludefreeantenatalandpostnatalcare.Servicesmaybeprovidedinthecommunityandmedicalfacility.
3freeorlowcostpubliceducationforallchildren,andfinancialaid/support,sometimesasascholarshiporpension,sometimesintheformofasuspensory/temporaryloan/debttostudents,providing/renderingacademicinstitutionsorundertakingvocationaltraining.
4thestatemayalsofundoroperatesocialworkandcommunitybasedonorganizationsthatprovideservicesthatbenefitdisadvantagedpeopleinthecommunity.
5welfaremoneypaidtopersons,fromagovernmentortaxpayers,whoareinneedoffinancialassistancebutalsowhoareunabletoworkforpay.
工業化帶來的問題
Industrializationhasspawneditsownhealthproblems.Modernstressorsincludenoise,air,waterpollution,poornutrition,dangerousmachinery,impersonalwork,isolation,unemployment---poverty,homelessness.