含關系副詞的定語從句
含關系副詞的定語從句
1、when指時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配)
（1）I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
（2）The time when we got together finally came.
2、where指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配)
（1）Shanghai is the city where I was born.
（2）The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3、why指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語，此時先行詞常為reason。可變為for which（常考！）
why=for which
（1）Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
（2）I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
【注意】關系副詞引導的從句可以由“介詞+關系代詞”引導的從句替換
（1）The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
（2）From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
（3）Great changes have taken place in thecity in which/where I was born.
相關知識
一、選準關系代詞和關系副詞
在定語從句中，關系代詞或關系副詞都代替先行詞在從句中充當一定的成分，如果該從句中缺少主語、表語、賓語或定語，就要用關系代詞來連接從句；如果從句中缺少狀語，就得用關系副詞來連接從句。例如：
(1) I still remember the days which / that we spent together.
(2) I still remember the days when we worked together.
二、了解僅用that 引導限制性定語從句的幾種情況
that 在限制性定語從句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情況下，只能用that 來引導定語從句：
1. 先行詞是all , much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代詞時。例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy?
2. 先行詞被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等詞修飾或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定詞修飾時。例如：
These are all the pictures that I have seen.
This is the very dictionary that is of great help.
3. 先行詞既指人又指物時。例如：
My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.
4. 關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。例如：
Our school is not the one that it used to be.
5. 先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時。例如：
This is the best English film that I have ever seen.
The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities.
6. 主句是who 或which 引導的.特殊問句時。例如：
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?
三、把握“介詞＋關系代詞”結構中介詞的選用
介詞的選擇與主句中先行詞的搭配密切相關。例如：
That's the reason for which he was late for school.
This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.
注意：
1. 定語從句中謂語動詞是含有介詞的動詞短語時，介詞應放在動詞之后，不能拆開放在關系代詞前。例如：
This is the key which you are looking for.
This is the baby whom you will look after.
2. 該結構中，關系代詞指人時用whom，指物時用which.
四、弄清as 和which 引導的非限制性定語從句指代整體時的區別
1位置上的區別：
as 引導的非限制性定語從句的位置比較靈活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，還可插在主句的中間；而which 引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如：
As is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.
The earth, as is known to us all, turns around the sun.
The earth turns around the sun, as is known to us all.
The earth turns around the sun, which our parents once told us when we were very young.
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