關于高一定語從句講解
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關于高一定語從句講解
一、什么是定語(Attributive) :
aloyalfriend 形容詞作定語
awomanteacher 名詞作定語
a girlwith long hair介詞短語作后置定語
falling / fallenleaves 分詞作定語
定語從句在句中相當于一個定語的成分起修飾的作用。
二、定語從句的構成：
1）which/that
a. Annawas wearinga hat.
b.Itwas too dirty.
定從： Annawas wearing a hatwhich/thatwas too dirty. （主語）
安娜戴了一頂很臟的帽子。
a.The hatwas too dirty.
b. Anna was wearinga hat
定從： The hatthat/ whichAnna was wearing was too dirty.（賓語）
安娜戴著的那頂帽子太臟了。
2). who/whom
a. I meta boy.
b. Theboy can speak three languages.
定從： I met a boy who can speak three languages.（主語）
我見到了一個能說三種語言的`男孩兒。
a. Theboy can speak three languages.
b. I met a boy.
定從：The boy whom/ who I met can speak three languages.(賓語）
我見到的男孩兒能說三種語言。
3. whose
a. We saw some people.
b. Their arms had broken.
定從： We saw some people whose arms had broken.
我們看見了一些手臂受了傷的人。
a. The desk belongs to Mary.
b. The leg of the desk is broken.
定從： The deskwhose leg is broken belongs to Mary.
腿壞了的桌子屬于瑪利。
三、只能使用關系代詞that的幾種情況。
1. 先行詞為all, little, few,much, nothing, something, anything, everything等不定代詞時
e.g.There isnothing thatI can say
2. 先行詞被all, each, few,much, every, no, some, any等詞修飾時
e.g. I havefewbooksthatyou needed
3. 先行詞既有人又有物時
e.g. He talked aboutthe teachers and schoolsthat he liked
4.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時
e.g. This isthe bestcompositionthatI have read.
5. 先行詞被the only, the very,the last等修飾時
e.g. This isthe verymanthatI am looking for.
6. 主句是以who或which開頭的疑問句時
e.g.Whois the manthatis holding Mary’s hand?
四、非限定性定語從句 Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
1. “位置形式”：緊接先行詞，不用標點分割
e.g. I want to buy the house which has agarden.
2. 用逗號與主句隔開，修飾“主句全句或部分內容”，可置句末，中，首。
e.g. I want to buy the house, which has agarden.
The earth is round, which is known to all
As is known to all, the earth is round.
3.“先行詞”
限定性： n. / n. phrase
e.g. He wears a red shirt which makes himlike a girl.
非限定性：1). n. / n. phrase
2). the sentence
e.g. He wears a red shirt, which makes himlike a girl.
“關系詞的用法”
限定性：1).關系代詞作從句賓語時可省
2). that可替who, whom, which(口)
e.g. This is the book( which/that) I boughtyesterday.
非限定性：1).關系詞不能用that
2).不能替換，不能省(which, as)
e.g. I like the book, which I bought yesterday
Do you know Tom, whom we talked about?
She has to work on Sundays,which she doesn’t like.
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