超實用的英文寫作技巧
1. Better writing: guide readers through what you write更好的寫作：引導讀者們讀你寫的東西
Your task is to help readers understand your message quickly and precisely. To do this, it is necessary to show them clearly how the different parts relate to each other.你的工作是幫助讀者快速并精準的理解你的訊息。要達到這個目的，很有必要清楚的為他們寫出不同的部分是如何相互關聯的。
Each sentence, each paragraph should be relevant to what comes before and what comes after.每個句子，每個段落必須前后呼應。
2. Word choice: avoid clichés and buzzwords選詞：避免（使用）陳詞濫調和專業術語
Clichés (used so often and so vaguely that they lose their original impact) and buzzwords/jargon can irritate readers and either distract them from your message or make them question its validity.陳詞濫調（已經被用到爛大街了，而且意味不明，以至于失去了他們本來的效果），而專業術語（也稱jargon）會激怒讀者，兩個中的任何一個都會偏離你的本意，或是讓讀者對你的正確性抱有疑問。
3. Writing your CV/résumé: make your CV/résumé easy to read寫簡歷：簡歷要易懂
Research shows that one thing recruiters expect in a CV/résumé is ease of reading. Ways of making yours easy to read include a brief summary of where you are now and where you want to go, short sentences and paragraphs, clear headings, good use of bullet points, and appropriate typefaces.研究顯示，招聘人員的期望之一就是簡歷很好懂。讓你的簡歷很好懂，包括簡單的總結你現在在哪，你想去哪兒，用簡單的句子和段落，清晰的標題，好好利用要點符號，以及適當的字體。
4. Writing a cover letter: tailor your cover letter寫求職信：裁剪你的求職信
A generic cover letter simply will not do; make sure your letter is tailored to the job and company in question. Reflect the organization’s values and goals; research what it says about its history, current practice, mission statement, and so forth. But don’t just parrot their exact wording. It sounds robotic, and employers hate it.一封通用類的`求職信不會這樣：確保你的求職信適合這份工作和公司。反應組織的價值觀和目標；調查對于其歷史、現行方法、宗旨等等說了什么。但是不要鸚鵡學舌。這樣聽上去很機械，而且雇主很討厭這樣。
5. Writing essays: understand your audience寫短文：理解你的觀眾
The more you know about who will be reading your essay, the better. Readers who are experts on your topic will already have some background knowledge. Readers who are your age will be familiar with the same films and songs you’re likely to mention. The less you know about your audience, the more you’ll need to define your terms and provide context for your examples.你了解誰在讀你的短文越多，當然就越好。你話題的專家讀者已經有了些許背景知識。和你年紀相仿的讀者會很熟悉你可能提到的相同的電影和歌曲。你對你的讀者了解的越少，你越需要定義你的術語，并且為你的舉例提供文本。
6. Writing a personal statement: create a strong opening寫個人陳述：寫一個吸引人的開頭
As with any other piece of writing, you need to get your readers’ attention. A compelling personal story can be an effective beginning. Let your story lead to a discussion of how you became interested in the type of work or education you are pursuing. You might also start by writing about someone you admire in the industry or organization.正如其他任何形式的寫作一樣，你必須引起的你的讀者的注意。一則引人入勝的個人經歷會有一個印象深刻的開頭。讓你的故事引發討論——你如何變得對這類你追尋的工作或是教育感興趣。你也許還能用你在工廠或是組織里尊敬的某個人作為開頭。
7. Online writing: create a good title在線寫作：取個好標題
Your title is one of the ways people find your piece. It should also make them want to read on. So it’s well worth investing time to get it right. The pay-off will be not only more readers but also readers who engage fully with what you write.你的標題是別人找到你的文章途徑之一。也必須讓他們覺得很有欲望讀你的文章。所以花時間找對正確的方向是值得的。取得的成功不僅僅是越來越多的讀者，還有全然參與到你寫作討論的讀者。
8. Creative writing: show rather than tell創意寫作：敘述，不如表現
Too much description, too many adjectives and adverbs, can slow up your narrative and cause your readers to lose interest. Where possible, it’s better to show you readers what a person, the atmosphere in the room, the relationship between your characters is like – show, that is, by what they say, how they interact, what they do. It’s more effective than telling the reader through wordy piles of information.太多描述，太多形容詞和動詞，會拖慢你的敘述，并讓你的讀者沒了興趣。你最好為讀者展示人物，房間里的分為，人物之間的關系是怎樣的——展示，就是說，通過他們說了什么，怎么互動的，還有做了什么。這比用大量的文字訊息傳遞給讀者更有效。
9. Writing a speech: write for the ear, not for the eye寫演講：為聆聽而寫，而不是為觀看而寫
Once you’ve finished a draft of your speech, practice reading it out loud. You’ll hear anything that sounds awkward. Revise so you are more comfortable giving your speech. You want to sound natural, no matter what the occasion.你一旦完成了演講的草稿，大聲練習朗讀。你會聽出任何不合適的地方。進行修正，這樣你做演講就會更順暢。無論在什么場合，你都想要聽上去非常自然。
10. Writing a review: explain how you’re judging the work寫綜述：解釋下你如何決斷你的工作
Decide on your criteria, the standards you’ll use to judge the book, show, or film. You might believe a novel is successful when it has characters you care about and a plot that makes you want to keep reading. State these criteria so your readers understand what you believe.決定你的標準，你用來評定書、表演或是電影的標準。你也許認為，一本小說成功與否取決于你關心的人物還有情節是否能讓你如饑似渴的讀下去。定下這些標準，這樣你的讀者就能理解你所信仰的。
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