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高考英語閱讀理解難題
高考英語閱讀材料基本保留了其原有的語言風(fēng)格，代章的展開不再是平鋪直敘，而是兼有倒敘、插敘等多種方式;一詞多義、熟詞生義、多種時(shí)態(tài)的混用、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長句、省略句以及插入語等語言現(xiàn)象比較常見。閱讀材料的代化含量加大，代章的行代風(fēng)格更具英語語言的特點(diǎn)，代章的遣詞造句也更加地道，許多考生通常要反復(fù)閱讀幾遍才能讀懂。
高考英語閱讀理解難題 1
第一篇：
Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas. Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers. So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.
All together, this mass of waste flowing in the North Pacific Ocean is known as the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch. It weighs about 3 500 000 tons. The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.
The eastern part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is about l 600 kilometers west of California. The western part is west of the Hawaiian Islands and east of Japan. The area has been described as a kind of oceanic desert，with light winds and slow moving water currents. The water moves so slow that garbage from all over the world collects there.
In recent years，there have been growing concerns about the floating garbage and its effect on sea creatures and human health. Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floating waste，resulting in death or injury. Even more die from a lack of food or water after swallowing pieces of plastic. The trash can also make animals feel full，lessening their desire to eat or drink.
The floating garbage also can have harmful effects on people. There is an increased threat of infection of disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste. Divers can also get trapped in the plastic.
Its existence first gained public attention in l997. That was when racing boat captain and oceanographer Charles Moore and his crew sailed into the garbage while returning from a racing event. Five years earlier，another oceanographer learned of the trash after a shipment of rubber duckies got lost at sea. Many of those toys are now part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.
In August，2009，a team from the University of California，San Diego became the
latest group to travel to it. They were shocked by the amount of waste they saw. They gathered hundreds of sea creatures and water samples to measure the garbage patch’s effect on ocean environment.
1.How did the writer introduce the topic of the passage?
A. By giving an example.
B. By listing the facts.
C. By telling a story.
D. By giving a comparison.
2.What do we know about the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?
A. It is made up of various kinds of plastic products.
B. It is a solid mass of floating waste materials.
C. It lies l60 000 kilometers east of California.
D. It is described as a kind of oceanic desert.
3.Why do people pay attention to the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?
A. Because it may prevent the flow of ocean water.
B. Because the polluted plastic articles will move up the food chain.
C. Because it may be from an island in the pacific.
D. Because ships may be trapped in the floating waste.
4.Which column can you find the passage on a newspaper?
A. Sports and entertainment.
B. Media and culture.
C. Environment and society.
D. Science and technology.
5.The purpose of writing this passage is to____________.
A. warn people of the danger to travel in the pacific
B. analyze what caused the waste patch in the pacific
C. give advice on how to recycle waste in the ocean
D. introduce the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch
第二篇：
Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Icelands volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.
WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.
Other experts, however, werent convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples health and said WHOs warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.
"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.
Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we havent heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."
1. The text is mainly about _________.
A. the effect of volcanic ash
B. the health risk of volcanic ash
C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash
D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash
2. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?
A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.
B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.
C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.
D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.
3. The underlined word “hysterical” in Paragraph4 most probably means __________.
A. amazing B. practical C. valuable D. overstated
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.
B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.
C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.
D. Europeans should stay indoors because Icelands volcano starts settling.
答案解析
第一篇：
1.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段”Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the state of Texas.Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers.So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.”可知，作者拿得克薩斯州與大量的垃圾漂浮物進(jìn)行比較，所以選D項(xiàng)。
2.A 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的”The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.”可知，這些垃圾漂流物是塑料制品。
3.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的”There is an increased threat of infection of
disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste.”可知受污染的塑料制品會(huì)通過食物鏈來影響人類。
4.C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上”環(huán)境與社會(huì)”這個(gè)欄目里。
5.D 作者意圖題。本文通過介紹太平洋上漂浮的大量的.塑料垃圾廢物的情況，指出了它們對海洋中的生物以及人類的影響，所以D項(xiàng)正確。
第二篇：
1.D 主旨大意題。本文主要就火山灰對人的健康的危害問題世衛(wèi)組織和其他專家給出不同觀點(diǎn)。A太籠統(tǒng);B不能體現(xiàn)不同的觀點(diǎn);C與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān);D符合題意。
2.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段最后一句可知A是正確的;由第三段
During a volcanic eruption……in healthy people.可知B錯(cuò)誤;由第三段中Other experts, however, werent convinced…… cigarette smoke or pollution可排除C D。
3.D 詞義猜測題。由上文中volcanic ash is not all that harmful和下文中only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk可知D正確, 夸大的，言過其實(shí)的。
4.C 由第三段 But once it falls from a greater distance….. effects are often minimal和第四段中 only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk以及第五段中 the further the particles travel, the more diluted and less dangerous they will be可知C正確。ABD觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)絕對。
高考英語閱讀理解難題 2
閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題(請注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求)。
[1]The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs, but in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds of addictions. Some people are compulsive (難以自制的) shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games
[2]Over the years, shopping has become a very common activity. Many people enjoy going to malls or stores more and more everyday, but its more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopping and usually buy things that they dont need. Even though they dont have enough money, they buy everything they want.
[3]The question is: why do they have this addiction? There isnt a specific answer. Some people go shopping when they are sad, worried, upset or lonely and they want to feel better. They use this activity as a way to forget their problems. Shopaholics say that they feel more important and better after they buy something. They also tend to have this addiction when they feel guilty.
[4]Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction, but it can ___________. Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case, people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However, the process, like for most addictions, is long, and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings, so they spend money they dont have. They get deep in debt, and they can even go bankrupt and get sent to prison. (294)
1. List three activities that might develop into addictions based on the text.
(Please answer within 8 words)
�、� ________________________ ② _______________________③ ________________________
2. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 3? (Please answer within 8 words)
_______________________________
3. Fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words. (Please answer within 6words)
_________________________________________
4. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Accordingly, these shopaholics should turn to a certain organization for help so that they can stop compulsive shopping.
__________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.
________________________________________________
Key:
1. shopping, drinking, playing computer games, working, watching TV, taking drugs.
第一段中最全面的概括了能使人成癮的事情。"alcohol or drugs", "compulsive shoppers", "their work", "watching TV or playing computer games".考生要注意語言的表達(dá)，題目要求 "list three activities", 所以注意用名詞或動(dòng)名詞來回答。
2. The reason why some people/ shopaholics have shopping addiction
The possible reasons for shopaholism/ shopping addition
第三段第一句The question is: why do they have this addiction?提出了問題，下文都是對此做出的解答。所以變換一下表達(dá)方式就可以得出準(zhǔn)確的答案。
3. cause/ bring about/ result in many problems
關(guān)鍵是上下文要連貫。上文提到，購物癖看起來是沒有害處的癮，但是…，所以要從有害的`角度來說;下文也是從這個(gè)角度談?wù)摰摹?/p>
4. If this is the case, people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit.
Accordingly：根據(jù)情況來說，同原文中的"If this is the case"------如果這是事實(shí)的話，意思接近。 turn to…for help:求助…。找到這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵地方就能準(zhǔn)確找出答案。
5. 他們購物成癮，而且通常買的都是用不著的東西。(他們購物上癮，常買些不需要的東西。)
be hooked on意為：成迷，上癮，是關(guān)鍵短語。"that they dont need"是things 的定語從句。
高考英語閱讀理解難題 3
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填人一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為1～10的相應(yīng)位置上。
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ___1___ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy ___2___ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ___3___ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or ___4___ (push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter ___5___ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___6___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ___7___ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smokeda pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ___8___.
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ___9___ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ___10___ (inform).
參考答案及解析:
1. it。it在賓語從句中用作形式主語，真正的主語是不定式短語to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。
2. to please。sb is easy to do sth是英語中的固定句型。
3. a。experience表示經(jīng)歷為可數(shù)名詞，這里指一次愉快的經(jīng)歷。
4. pushed。因與stepped并列，故要用一般過去時(shí)。
5. where。where在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，表示地點(diǎn)。
6. choice。由于是用在形容詞性物主代詞后，所以只能用其名詞形式。
7. on。on sale是固定搭配，意為“出售”。
8. him。由于給父親買禮物，所以應(yīng)該是使父親高興。please him的意思是“使他高興”。
9. at。at table表示“在餐桌邊”“在進(jìn)餐”，是習(xí)慣搭配。
10. was informed。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，又因Jane與inform之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系， 故填was informed。
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