2023年職稱英語考試衛生類模擬試題及答案
在各個領域，我們都不可避免地要接觸到試題，借助試題可以更好地考核參考者的知識才能。相信很多朋友都需要一份能切實有效地幫助到自己的試題吧？以下是小編幫大家整理的2023年職稱英語考試衛生類模擬試題及答案，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。
職稱英語考試衛生類模擬試題及答案 篇1
第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。
1.I have been trying to quit smoking.
A.give up
B.pick up
C.build up
D.take up
2.Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.
A.moved
B.touched
C.surprised
D.worried
3.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.
A.question
B.problem
C.title
D.topic
4.This is not typical of English，but is a feature of the Chinese language.
A.particular
B.characteristic
C.remarkable
D.idiomatic
5.It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.
A.simply
B.almost
C.totally
D.completely
6.These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fears.
A.stem
B.rely
C.develop
D.grow
7.Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others.
A.easy
B.possible
C.likely
D.difficult
8.They have the capability to destroy the enemy in a few days.
A.possibility
B.necessity
C.ability
D.probability
9.We have never seen such gorgeous hills.
A.beautiful
B.stretching
C.spreading
D.rolling
10.The leaves have been swept into huge heaps.
A.10ads
B.layers
C.pyramids
D.piles
11.The news will horrify everyone.
A.attract
B.terrify
C.tempt
D.excite
12.The article sketched the major events of the decade.
A.described
B.offered
C.outlined
D.presented
13.I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior.
A.bear
B.receive
C.admit
D.take
14.Their style of playing football is utterly different.
A.barely
B.scarcely
C.hardly
D.totally
15.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.
A.advised
B。caused
C.forced
D.promised
閱讀判斷
Eruptions of Mount Saint Helens
On March 27,the U.S.Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens.They telephoned all states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time.Roads were closed to every one except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain.
Shortly after noon on March 27,Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years.People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows,and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.
Later,scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater(大坑）in the top of the mountain,not far from the old crater.The north side of the peak now had a huge bulge(凸出部分）where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption.
A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28.It,too,sent up a column of black ash high into the sky.By March 29,scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one.Strange blue flames flickered(閃爍）inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other.
By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the north slope of the peak was black with ash.Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens.
During the first week of April,Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about harmonic tremors(震動）recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen.All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder(震動）and shoot out ash.By April 8,the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep.
Scientists? main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on the north face of the mountain.By May 7 scientists feared the worst.Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain.The inner “red ” zone was open to scientists only.The outer “blue” zone was open only to people who got special permits.But in spite of these warnings,some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.
1.American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon.?
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正確的答案是: A
2.Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned?
正確的答案是: C
3.A new crater,which was to the south of the old one,was formed after the second eruption.?
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正確的答案是: C
4.The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正確的答案是: A
5.Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens.?
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正確的答案是: C
6.Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned?
正確的答案是: A
7.The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists.?
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned?
正確的答案是: C
Hurricanes (龍卷風)
1.Did you know that before 1950,hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers.The first names were simply Alpha,Bravo,Charlie,etc.But in 1953,female names were given because of the unpredictability (不可預知的）factor of the storms.In 1979,realizing the sexist (性別歧視的.）nature of such names,the lists were expanded to include both men and women.
2.Hurricanes and typhoons (臺風）are the same things.If they form in the Atlantic,we call these strong storms hurricanes,from the West Indian word hurricane,meaning "big wind." And if they are Pacific storms,they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun,meaning "great wind." To be classified as a hurricane,the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph.These storms are big,many hundreds of miles in diameter.
3.Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy.All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses (凝結）from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator (赤道).To make a hurricane,you must have extremely wet,warm air,the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions.
4.Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hour.In just one day alone,the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don't know how to make such great energy work for us.
5.Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters.It moves at a typical speed of 15 mph.But not always.Some storms may race along at twice this speed,then suddenly stop and remain in the same location in the ocean for several days.It can be maddening (發瘋的）if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.
6.The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites.With these,we can see the storms form and track them fully,from birth to death.While they can still kill people and destroy property,hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.
23 Paragraph 1__________
24 Paragraph 2__________
25 Paragraph 3__________
26 Paragraph 4__________
A A Short History of Naming Hurricanes
B Harnessing the Hurricane Energy
C Difficulty in Forecasting the Course of a Hurricane
D Huge Energy Stored in a Hurricane
E Forecasting a Hurricane Through Satellite Watching
F Different Names for the Same Things
27 Both male and female names are used for hurricanes in consideration of __________ .
28 Using weather satellites can ensure__________ of hurricanes.
29 Energy specialists may be interested in__________of hurricanes.
30 Scientists cannot accurately predict the course of a hurricane due to __________ .
A the timely (及時的）discovery
B convenience
C sex equality
D its connection with humans,
E the huge power
F its uncertainly
答案
23.A 24.F 25.D 26.C
27.C 28.A 29.E 30.F
Characteristics of Publicity
Publicity offers several benefits.There are not costs for message time or space.An ad in prime-time television may cost $250,000 to $5000,000 or more per minute,whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything.However,there are costs for news releases,a publicity department,and other items.As with advertising,publicity reaches a mass audience.Within a short time,new products or company policies are widely known.
Credibility about messages is high,because they are reported in independent media.A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper,because the reader associates independence with objectivity.Similarly,people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than to ads.For example,Women's Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisements.Readers spend time reading the stories,but they flip through the ads.Furthermore,there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine.Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly.
Publicity also has some significant limitations.A firm has little control over messages,their timing,their placement,or their coverage by a given medium.It may issue detailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media,and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would like.
For example,in 1982,Procter & Gamble faced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo.A few ministers and other private citizens believed resulted in the firm receiving 15,000 phone calls about the rumor in June alone.To combat this negative publicity,the firm issued news releases featuring prominent clergy that refuted the rumors,threatened to sue those people spreading the stories,and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning America.The media cooperated with the company and the false rumors were temporarily put to rest.However,in 1985,negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter & Gamble decided to remove the logo from its-products.
A firm may want publicity during certain periods,such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened,but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm.Similarly,media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports.Finally,the media ascertain whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it.A company-sponsored fobs program might go unreported or receive three-sentence coverage in a local newspaper.
練習：
1.The author mentions all of the following advantages of publicity except
A）Having no time costs.
B）Having attentiveness.
C）Having high credibility.
D）Having high profitability.
2.the second paragraph indicates that people are more likely to believe stories
A）in a newspaper than in a women's daily.
B）In a newspaper than in a magazine.
C）In an independent newspaper than in a dependent newspaper.
D）In a magazine than in a local newspaper.
3.According to the passage,which of the following statements is true?
A）A firm can control and time publicity accurately.
B）A firm can neither control nor time publicity accurately.
C）A firm can either control or time publicity accurately.
D）In most cases a firm can control and time publicity accurately.
4.The example in Paragraph 4 is intended to demonstrate
A）the power of publicity.
B）the victim of publicity.
C）the terrible effect of rumors.
D）the vulnerability of people to publicity.
5.The passage implies that
A）the placement of a story is not quite important.
B）the report of a crime may not be true.
C）local newspapers are not interested in company-sponsored programs.
D）publicity is not always necessary.
Keys: DCBAD
Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned.Government bureaus,trade and travel associations,carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.
Travel operators,specialists in the field of planning,sponsor extensive research programs.They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services,and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(1)____.They distribute materials to agencies,such as journals,brochures and advertising projects.They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(2)____.
Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling.In this way agents learn ____(3)____ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel - planes; ships,trains,motorcoaches,car-rentals,and even car purchases.
Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts,considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement.Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels,and,conversely,____(4)____,to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.
The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers,____(5)____.Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers,and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours.All services must work together for greater efficiency,fair pricing and contented customers.
A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.
B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.
C in preparing effective advertising campaigns
D as a result tourism is flouring in all countries
E hotels rely upon agencies
F to explain destinations
KEYS:CBFEA
Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned.Government bureaus,trade and travel associations,carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.
Travel operators,specialists in the field of planning,sponsor extensive research programs.They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services,and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(1)____.They distribute materials to agencies,such as journals,brochures and advertising projects.They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(2)____.
Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling.In this way agents learn ____(3)____ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel - planes; ships,trains,motorcoaches,car-rentals,and even car purchases.
Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts,considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement.Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels,and,conversely,____(4)____,to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.
The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers,____(5)____.Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers,and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours.All services must work together for greater efficiency,fair pricing and contented customers.
A、including car-rental and sight-seeing services.
B、so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.
C、in preparing effective advertising campaigns
D、as a result tourism is flouring in all countries
E、hotels rely upon agencies
F、to explain destinations
KEYS:CBFEA
職稱英語考試衛生類模擬試題及答案 篇2
Long before the white man came to the America,the land belonged to the American Indian nations.The nation of the Cherokees lived in What is now the southeastern part of the United States.
After the white man came,the Cherokees copied many of their ways.One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man.He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language.He began by making word pictures.For each word he drew a picture.But that proved impossible-there were just too many words.Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language.Using this own imagination and an English spelling book,Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound.His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn.Before long,many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language.By 1828,they were even printing their own newspaper.
In 1830,the U.S.Congress passed a law.It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands.The Cherokees refused to go.They had lived on their lands for centuries.It belonged to them.Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?
The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out.Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory.The sick,the old and the small children went in carts,along with their belongings.The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback.It was November,yet many of them still wore their summer clothes.Cold and hungry,the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey.Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside.When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839,more than 4,000 had died.It was indeed a march of death.
1.The Cherokee Nation used to live
A）on the American continent.
B）In the southeastern part of the US.
C）Beyond the Mississippi River.
D）In the western territory.
2.one of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of
A）writing down the spoken language.
B）Making word pictures.
C）Teaching his people reading.
D）Printing their own newspaper.
3.A law was passed in 1830 to
A）allow the Cherokees to stay where they were.
B）Send the army to help the Cherokees.
C）Force the Cherokees to move westward.
D）Forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper.
4.When the Cherokees began to leave their lands.
A）they went in carts.
B）They went on horseback.
C）They marched on foot.
D）All of the above.
5.Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because
A）they were not willing to go there.
B）The government did not provide transportation
C）They did not have enough food and clothes.
D）The journey was long and boring.
KEY: BACDC
職稱英語考試衛生類模擬試題及答案 篇3
One of the main weapons to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the AIDS virus during birth is the drug nevirapine3.But when nevirapine is used alone just once,HIV4 starts becoming resistant to it.Research in Botswana shows that the resistance is not long lasting and that this affordable drug does not have to be abandoned forever by infected mothers who have already taken it.
International medical guidelines call for5 pregnant women with advanced HIV to get a combination of AIDS drugs including nevirapine to prevent passing their infection on to their newborns during delivery.But in poor countries,combinations have been expensive and nevirapine has often been Used al.one,since studies have shown that a single dose can cut the transmission rate in half.
The problem is that HIV resistance builds against it quickly when used alone just once because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine.This renders the drug less effective in later combinations for treating women after their baby is born.But the new study from Botswana shows that nevirapine can make a comeback for these women if they wait until the resistance subsides.
“The further out you get from that exposure to single dose nevirapine,the less detectable nevirapine resistance is6,” said Shahin Lockman of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston7.She says waiting period for women who get the single dose of nevirapine at delivery can be as short as six months.“If they started nevirapine-based treatment six or more months after nevirapine exposure,their treatment response8 was just as good,and really quite high,compared to women who did not have the single dose of nevirapine,” she added.“However,the women who started nevirapine-based treatment within six months of that nevirapine exposure were much more likely to experience treatment failure.”
The study published in the New England Journal oJ Medicine9 shows that waiting at least six months means that HIV-positive women are 70 percent more likely to benefit from nevirapine-based drug combinations again than women who get them sooner.An official with the U.S.government health agency that helped fund the study calls it very important.
I.ynne Mofenson is chief of research on child,adolescent,and maternal AIDS at the U.S.National Institute of Child Health and Human Development10.She says the finding supports a World Health Organization (WHO)H recommendation restricting a single dose of nevirapine only to pregnant HIV-infected women who are healthy enough to wait six months after childbirth for more nevirapine-based therapy.Otherwise,they should get other drugs during labor.“It shows the importance of screening women for treatment while they are pregnant and putting them on appropriate therapy while they are pregnant to avoid having to start them too soon after they received preventive therapy,” she explained.
Shahin Lockman in Boston says the problem of nevirapine resistance should diminish now that12 more and more people are receiving combinations of AIDS drugs under expanded U.S.and international programs to deliver them to Africa and other regions hard hit by the virus.
練習：
1.What effect does nevirapine have?
A.It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.
B.It is an antiviral preparation and kills all kinds of viruses.
C.It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.
D.It may prevent passing HIV infection from mothers on to their newborns during delivery.
2.Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?
A.Because the drug is not strong enough to kill all of the HIV in the body.
B.Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.
C.Because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine.
D.Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.
3.When may a woman start her nevirapine-based treatment if she gets the single dose of nevirapine at delivery ?
A.She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.
B.She may start nevirapine-based treatment within six months after her delivery.
C.She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.
D.She may wait several years so as to achieve the best effect.
4.We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine
A.lasts only for about a half year and fades quickly.
B.will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.
C.is a terrible drug that must be banned at once.
D.is a problem too difficult to be solved.
5.Generally speaking,the author's attitude towards the use of nevirapine is
A.negative
B.positive
C.uncertain
D.doubtful
答案與題解：
1.D 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到nevirapine可以防止母親在分娩時將HIV病毒傳染給新生兒的問題，故D項是正確答案。
2.C 第三段第一句說，即使單獨使用nevirapine一次，HIV病毒也會很快產生對nevirapine的抗藥性，原因就是沒有其他藥物可以殺死nevirapine還沒有殺死的病毒顆粒，這正是C項的內容。
3.C 第四段第二句說到，等待的.時間最短可到六個月，第五段第一句又說，最少等待六個月的婦女，她們以nevirapine為主的藥物綜合治療的療效要比等待不足六個月的婦女高70%，可見C項“最少要等待六個月”是正確答案。
4.A 第一段第三句說到抗藥性存在的時間并不長，第四段第二句又說等待的時間可以短至六個月，另外，文章的標題也說抗藥性很快消失，可見A項是正確選項，其他各項文章均未提及。
5.B 第一段是文章的提要，最能說明作者觀點，其中最后一句就明確提到，已經服用 nevirapine的已感染上HIV的母親們不應該放棄服用這種能用得起的藥物。而且通篇文章都在探討如何更有效地利用此藥物，因此作者對使用此藥的態度應該是“積極的、肯定的”。
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