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初中閱讀理解簡單做題技巧
閱讀理解是綜合語言運(yùn)用能力的一個重要方面,在中考中所占比重越來越大,這是拉開檔次的題目。所以小編收集整理關(guān)于初中閱讀的做題方法,希望對你有所幫助!
閱讀理解五級的目標(biāo)部分描述如下:
1、能根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義;
2、能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系;
3、能找出文章中的主題,理解故事的情節(jié),預(yù)測故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局;
4、能讀懂常見體裁的閱讀材料;
5、能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運(yùn)用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息;
6、除教材外,課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)到15萬詞以上所謂閱讀能力是指視讀能力、理解能力和對所讀材料的評價(jià)能力。
閱讀理解考查的項(xiàng)目大多是根據(jù)這三種能力的要求設(shè)計(jì)的。為了提高閱讀理解能力,同學(xué)們在做閱讀理解時,就要注意以下幾個方面:
(一)要注意養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀心理閱讀時要去掉雜念,心緒要安定,精神要專一,要形成一種愜意的順向心理。
造成大腦皮層的優(yōu)勢興奮中心。切不可一遇到幾個生詞難句,就心煩意亂,失去自控能力。心理學(xué)家告訴我們,任何恐慌,過分緊張的情緒都會形成一種消極因素妨礙大腦的正常思維功能。因此,遇到困難一定要從容不迫,心無旁騖。這樣才能對所讀的文章印象清晰,理解深刻。
(二)要提高視讀的速度考閱讀理解,從另一個方面來說,考的是考試速度。慢讀是不行的。
因此做閱讀理解時,要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習(xí)慣。閱讀時眼球總是不斷地移動——停頓——移動著。理解是在“眼停”的瞬間進(jìn)行的。我們要使眼停的時間相對增加,就要擴(kuò)大視讀的廣度,把逐詞逐句的點(diǎn)式閱讀變成一次掃描一句的線式閱讀,并且把看到的東西迅速報(bào)告給大腦,形成眼腦較快的直映能力。切不可在個別難懂的詞句上磨蹭,只要全篇理解了,個別難懂的詞句可以根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法去猜測,去推斷。
(三)閱讀時要注意培養(yǎng)語感所謂語感是指人們對語言中詞語搭配及句型結(jié)構(gòu)的熟練程度。
語感好的人,理解力就強(qiáng),視讀的速度就快。閱讀時要留心詞語的搭配,即慣用法。必要時可用筆劃一劃或記下來。讀完每一篇文章,都應(yīng)總結(jié)歸納一下,積累了多少單詞,慣用法和句型,這樣語感自然就會好起來。
(四)讀完一篇文章后,要回味一番對文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu),中心思想,人物事件,論點(diǎn)論據(jù)要做到心中有數(shù)。
對不清楚的地方可以再看幾次。要留心關(guān)鍵詞句,注意弦外之音。對文章的評價(jià)分析,一定要堅(jiān)持“詞不離句,句不離篇”,要理解文章作者的原意,而不能按你自己的意愿去想當(dāng)然。切記:一想當(dāng)然,就會出錯。
如果文章太長,你可以先把文章后面的問題看一遍,帶著問題去看文章。這樣可以幫助你去掉雜念,提高閱讀速度和解題的正確性。要善于找關(guān)鍵句,特別要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的頭一句話,往往就是關(guān)鍵句,可以幫助你掌握文章的全貌,理解文章的主題。此外,還應(yīng)該細(xì)讀文章,因?yàn)橛袝r的試題是考細(xì)節(jié)。可以邊讀邊用鉛筆做點(diǎn)標(biāo)記,把有關(guān)的人物,事件,時間,地點(diǎn),原因(即五個W,who,what,when,where,why)劃出來。凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一數(shù),有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目了然。
附加:初二英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題:
Most students feel it difficult to remember new words when they begin to study English. Now I will give you some advice.
1. Do not waste time in learning a list of English words. It is the hardest way to remember English wors. Hou do you learn to speak Chinese? You did it by listening carefully to the people talking to each other. You can find radio programs, TV programs and records, and listen to them carefully. The best way to learn all new words is through ear. As you listen to more and more dialogues, you will learn how English is pronouced in phrases and sentences. Of course, it is not enouht to learn new words. You must learn how words are put together, and why some in English are emphasized.
2. Some people have found that they can learn the names of everything objects such as box, bottle, cup, desk and so on, in the following way. They write the names of subjects on paper and put the paper on them. They say the words. Try this and see if this way works for you. If it does not, then go on to practice your dialogue.
( )1. Who gave the advice? Perhaps it is given by _______.
A.Carl Marx B. a teacher from England
C. American parents D. a teacher of English
( )2. The advice the writer gave us in mainly about _______.
A. how to learn English B.how to put words together
C. how to learn new words
D. how to write the names of the objects on paper and put the paper on them
( )3.The writer gave us two pieces of advice. He seems to enjoy _______ .
A. the first one B. the second one
C. both of them D. neither of them
( )4. The writer thinks that the best way to learn new words is _______.
A. to do more reading B. to do more writing
C. to do more listening D.to learn which words are emphasized
( )5. The way to write the names of the objects on paper and put the paper on them ________.
A. works for everyone B. does not work for anyone
C. works only for some people D. works only for the Chinese students
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