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2017年同等學(xué)力申碩英語閱讀理解專項練習(xí)題與解析

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2017年同等學(xué)力申碩英語閱讀理解專項練習(xí)題與解析

　　Nuclear power’s danger to health，safety，and even life itself can be summed up in one word：radiation.

　　Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it，partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can’t be seen or heard，or touched or tasted，even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example，radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them，sense them，without a radio receiver. Similarly，we can’t sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves，nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.

　　At very high levels，radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cell in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important，the damage may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit，and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged，and if they reproduce themselves，you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in a deformed way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.

　　This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated and feel fine，then die of cancer five，ten，or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or liable to serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.

　　Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.

　　1.According to the passage，the danger of nuclear power lies in .

　　A. nuclear mystery B. radiation detection

　　C. radiation level D. nuclear radiation

　　2. Radiation can cause serious consequences even at the lowest level .

　　A. when it kills few cells

　　B. if it damages few cells

　　C. though the damaged cells can repair themselves

　　D. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves

　　3.The word“significant”in paragraph 3 most probably means .

　　A. responsible B. meaningfulC. fatal D. harmful

　　4.Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can .

　　A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately

　　B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later

　　C. affect the healthy growth of our offspring

　　D. All of the above

　　5.Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?

　　A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be over-emphasized.

　　B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.

　　C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.

　　D. Radiation can hurt those who are not aware of its danger.

　　譯文：

　　核能對健康、安全甚至生命本身構(gòu)成的危害可以概括為一個詞：輻射。

　　核輻射有著某種神秘的地方，部分原因是它無法被人類的感官所感知。即使它可能就在我們周圍，人們也不能看到或聽到、觸摸到或者品嘗到它。還有一些其他東西也像這樣。比如：無線電波就在我們周圍，如果沒有接收器，我們也無法探測到它們。同樣，如果沒有輻射探測器，我們也無法感覺到輻射。但是，不像一般的無線電波，核輻射對人類和其他生物是有害的。

　　當(dāng)核輻射強(qiáng)度非常高時，輻射可以通過殺死重要器官的大量細(xì)胞，導(dǎo)致動物或人立刻死亡。但是，即使是輻射強(qiáng)度最低的時候也能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的傷害。沒有哪一種強(qiáng)度的輻射是絕對安全的。如果輻射沒有傷害到任何重要的器官，這種傷害可能就不嚴(yán)重。這種情況是只有少數(shù)細(xì)胞受到輻射并且被殺死了，你身體內(nèi)的死亡細(xì)胞就會被健康的細(xì)胞代替。但是，如果少數(shù)的細(xì)胞僅僅是受到傷害，并且如果它們自己可以再生，你可能就陷入麻煩了。它們是以一種畸形的方式進(jìn)行再生的。它們能夠演變成癌。有時，這種癥狀很多年后才會顯現(xiàn)出來。

　　下面是有關(guān)核輻射某種神秘性的另一個原因。在輻射造成損害時，受害者可能不知道自己已經(jīng)受到嚴(yán)重傷害。一個人被輻射后可能感覺正常，然后在五年、十年或二十年后死于癌癥。或者，由于其祖父母受到輻射，一名小孩可能生下來就體弱，或易患病。輻射會傷害我們。我們必須了解這個事實。

　　參考答案與解析

　　1.【正確答案】D

　　【考點類型】細(xì)節(jié)判斷

　　【解析過程】根據(jù)文章表達(dá)，核能的危險在于。

　　A. 核的神秘B. 放射檢查

　　C. 放射的程度D. 核放射

　　線索：文章的第1段提到“Nuclear power’s danger to health，safety，and even life itself can be summed up in one word：radiation.”表明選項D是正確答案。

　　2.【正確答案】B

　　【考點類型】細(xì)節(jié)判斷

　　【解析過程】輻射即使在最底的程度也會造成嚴(yán)重的后果，。

　　A. 當(dāng)它殺死很少的細(xì)胞時

　　B. 如果它危害很少的細(xì)胞

　　C. 盡管受危害的細(xì)胞能自己修復(fù)

　　D. 如果受危害的細(xì)胞能自我復(fù)制

　　線索：文章的第3段提到“But if the few cells are only damaged，and if they reproduce themselves，you may be in trouble.”表明選項D是正確答案。選項A和原文的內(nèi)容相反，原文說“only a few cells are hit，and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones.”這樣不會造成嚴(yán)重的后果。C和B選項的內(nèi)容和原文第3段的內(nèi)容不符合。

　　3.【正確答案】C

　　【考點類型】詞匯推斷

　　【解析過程】這個單詞“重要的”在文章第3段最有可能的含義是。

　　A. 負(fù)有責(zé)任心的B. 有意義的

　　C. 致命的D. 有害的

　　線索：根據(jù)文章的第3段提到的內(nèi)容，如果輻射沒有攻擊到任何重要的東西，那么危害也許就不是非常的嚴(yán)重。所以選項C是正確答案。

　　【考點提示】詞匯題的解決辦法是代入法：即當(dāng)不能確定答案時把選項分別代入原文，看看哪一個通，那么就是哪個。

　　①返回原文，找出該詞匯出現(xiàn)的地方。

　　②注意結(jié)合上下文理解該單詞的含義。

　　③如果該詞匯是簡單詞匯，則其字面意思必然不是正確答案。

　　4.【正確答案】D

　　【考點類型】細(xì)節(jié)判斷