2017托福閱讀理解預測練習題

　　托福考生在備考托福考試的時候，除了練習一些歷次考試的真題之外，還應該進行一些預測題的練習。下面是小編為大家送上的一篇2017托福閱讀理解預測練習題。

　　From their inception, most rural neighborhoods in colonial North America included at least one carpenter, joiner, sawyer, and cooper in woodworking; a weaver and a tailor for clothing production; a tanner, currier, and cordwainer (shoemaker) for fabricating leather objects; and a blacksmith for metalwork. Where stone was the local building material, a mason was sure to appear on the list of people who paid taxes. With only an apprentice as an assistant, the rural artisan provided the neighborhood with common goods from furniture to shoes to farm equipment in exchange for cash or for "goods in kind" from the customer's field, pasture, or dairy. Sometimes artisans transformed material provided by the customer; wove cloth of yarn spun at the farm from the wool of the family sheep; made chairs or tables from wood cut in the customer's own woodlot; produced shoes or leather breeches from cow, deer, or sheepskin tanned on the farm.

　　Like their farming neighbors, rural artisans were part of an economy scene, by one historian, as "an orchestra conducted by nature." Some tasks could not be done in the winter, other had to be put off during harvest time, and still others waited on raw materials that were only produced seasonally. As the days grew shorter, shop hours kept pace, since few artisans could afford enough artificial light to continue work when the Sun went down. To the best of their ability, colonial artisans tried to keep their shops as efficient as possible and to regularize their schedules and methods of production for the best return on their investment in time, tools, and materials. While it is pleasant to imagine a woodworker, for example, carefully matching lumber, joining a chest together without resort to nails or glue, and applying all thought and energy to carving beautiful designs on the finished piece, the time required was not justified unless the customer was willing to pay extra for the quality — and few in rural areas were. Artisans, therefore, often found it necessary to employ as many shortcuts and economics as possible while still producing satisfactory products.

　　1. What aspect of rural colonial North America does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) Farming practices

　　(B) The work of artisans

　　(C) The character of rural neighborhoods

　　(D) Types of furniture that were popular

　　2. The word "inception" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) investigation

　　(B) location

　　(C) beginning

　　(D) records

　　3. The word "fabricating" in line 3 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) constructing

　　(B) altering

　　(C) selecting

　　(D) demonstrating

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that the use of artificial light in colonial times was

　　(A) especially helpful to woodworkers

　　(B) popular in rural areas

　　(C) continuous in winter

　　(D) expensive

　　5. Why did colonial artisans want to "regularize their schedules and methods" (line 18)?

　　(A) to enable them to produce high quality products

　　(B) to enable them to duplicate an item many times

　　(C) to impress their customers

　　(D) to keep expenses low

　　6. The phrase "resort to" in line 21 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) protecting with

　　(B) moving toward

　　(C) manufacturing

　　(D) using

　　7. The word "few' in lines 23 refers to

　　(A) woodworkers

　　(B) finished pieces

　　(C) customers

　　(D) chests

　　8. It can be inferred that the artisans referred to in the passage usually produced products that were

　　(A) simple

　　(B) delicate

　　(C) beautifully decorated

　　(D) exceptionally long-lasting

　　參考答案：BCADD DCA

　　附：托福閱閱讀理解之讀文章的方法

　　第一步：花兩三分鐘時間掃描每篇文章頭一兩個句子，定位文章難易程度。雖然平均每篇文章做題時間為11分鐘，但是有的文章七八分鐘便可以輕松對付，有的文章則需要15分鐘左右。一般來說，5篇文章中有2篇難度大一些，比方說：如果最后一篇文章難度大，且12-14道題，在這種情況下，按部就班做題就有可能因時間不夠而做錯好幾道題，帶來巨大的損失。因此首先定位文章難程度，同時目測文章的含金量(即題量分布)，有助于科學分配閱讀部分的做題時間。

　　第二步：采取"結構掃描"法閱讀具體的一篇文章。所謂結構，即文章的骨架子。TOEFL文章是純學術體(Academic)，是北美國際留學生在大學里天天都能接觸到的教科書風格的文章，這些文章涉及人文社科和自然科學，均議論文、說明文，最顯著的特點是呈板塊結構。

　　TOEFL文章均由數個自然段組成，正確的閱讀文章的方法應該是把文章首句先吃透，文章首句經常為文章主題。然后把首段的其他句子盡快略讀，文章其他段落采取同樣的方法閱讀。各段落其他句子一般來說都是用來說明各個段落的主題句，沒有必要每個句子理解難度大，而不涉及考題，在此句停留無疑是白白浪費時間。所以，采取"結構掃描"法，意味著以最快捷的方式了解文章大意，從而正確引導下一步做具體的題，而不至于出現大方向的理解錯誤。

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