托福閱讀模擬題
不少人說托福的閱讀理解難，但是其實，只要勤加練習，考生還是可以拿到比較理想的分數的。下面，小編為大家送上一篇托福閱讀模擬題。
Archaeological literature is rich in descriptions of pot making. Unlike modern industrial potters, prehistoric artisans created each of their pieces individually, using the simplest technology but demonstrating remarkable skill in making and adorning their vessels.
The clay used in prehistoric pot making was invariably selected with the utmost care: often it was traded over considerable distances. The consistency of the clay was crucial: it was pounded meticulously and mixed with water to make it entirely even in texture. By careful kneading, the potter removed the air bubbles and made the clay as plastic as possible, allowing it to be molded into shape as the pot was built up, When a pot is fired, it loses its water and can crack, so the potter added a temper to the clay, a substance that helped reduce shrinkage and cracking.
Since surface finishes provided a pleasing appearance and also improved the durability in day-to-day use, the potter smoothed the exterior surface of the pot with wet hands. Often a wet clay solution, known as a slip, was applied to the smooth surface. Brightly colored slips were often used and formed painted decorations on the vessel. In later times. Glazes came into use in some areas. A glaze is a form of slip that turns to a glasslike finish during high-temperature firing. When a slip was not applied, the vessel was allowed to dry slowly until the external surface was almost like leather in texture. It was then rubbed with a round stone or similar object to give it a shiny, hard surface. Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations.
Most early pottery was then fired over open hearths. The vessels were covered with fast-burning wood; as it burned, the ashes would all around the pots and bake them evenly over a few hours. Far higher temperatures were attained in special ovens, known as kilns, which would not only bake the clay and remove its plasticity, but also dissolve carbons and iron compounds. Kilns were also used for glazing, when two firings were needed. Once fired, the pots were allowed to cool slowly, and small cracks were repaired before they were ready for use.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Why archaeologists study prehistoric pot making
(B) How early pottery was made and decorated
(C) The development of kilns used by early potters
(D) The variety of decorations on Prehistoric pottery
2. The word " meticulously" in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) heavily
(B) initially
(C) carefully
(D) completely
3. Which of the following was a process used by prehistoric potters to improve the texture of the clay?
(A) adding temper
(B) removing the water
(C) beating on the clay
(D) mixing the clay with plastic substances
4. The word "durability" in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) quality
(B) endurance
(C) adaptability
(D) applicability
5. Prehistoric potters applied slips and glazes to their vessels in order to do which of the following?
(A) Improve the appearance of the vessels
(B) prevent the vessels from leaking
(C) Help the vessels to dry more quickly
(D) Give the vessels a leather like quality
6. Which of the following was a method used by some potters to give vessels a glassy finish?
(A) Smoothing them with wet hands
(B) Mixing the clay with colored solutions
(C) Baking them at a very high temperature
(D) Rubbing them with a smooth hard object
7. The word "incised" in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) designed
(B) carved
(C) detailed
(D) painted
8. The word "they" in ling 27 refers to
(A) kilns
(B) firings
(C) pots
(D) cracks
9. According to the passage , the advantage of kilns over open fires was that the kilns
(A) required less wood for burning
(B) reached higher temperatures
(C) kept ashes away from the pots
(D) baked vessels without cracking them
10. Look at the terms "temper" (line 10), "glazes" (line 16), "kilns" (line 24), and "compounds" (line 25). Which of these terms is NOT defined in the passage ?
(A) temper
(B) glazes
(C) kilns
(D) compounds
11. The passage mentions that when pottery is fired under burning wood, the ashes help
(A) prevent the clay from cracking
(B) produce a more consistently baked pot
(C) attain a very high temperature
(D) give the vessel a glasslike finish
參考答案：BCCBA DBCBD B
附：托福閱讀技巧
一、共同的答題原則
1. 題目都需要回文章定位
一般的英語考試閱讀題目都是從文章內容出發來提問的，考生要按照閱讀文章內容答題有兩種方式：一種是看題然后回文章定位，一種是看文章然后解題。要知道托福閱讀的文章長度、閱讀時間、題目設置等一系列客觀特點決定了托福閱讀題目都是需要會文章定位的。在托福閱讀題目定位時要選擇合適的定位詞，并選取正確的定位策略。定位詞一般都是以名詞為主，因為名詞是相對于動詞，形容詞等其他種類的詞來說變化形式最少的詞，而在文章中的對應方式又多以原詞對應為主。而且在做題過程中要具體情況具體分析。
2. 答題需要把握好時間
托福閱讀答題有時間限制，很多考生都會不注意這一點，往往最后一個大題沒有足夠的時間解答。在解題時控制好時間一方面要注意對句子的理解速度要快，不過分糾結一句話的意思;另一方面則是在答題時對題目解答分配好時間。比如詞匯題用30秒左右的時間、多選題留1分半的時間、其余的題目盡量保持在1分的時間答題。
二、各題型的解題特色
1.不同題型的解題步驟各有特點
托福閱讀題型多樣給考生帶來了不小的答題壓力，因為在解題時要不斷進行思路轉換。依賴不同步驟答題。比如托福閱讀文章小結題一般是在對文章有大致框架了解之后再看選項、排除明顯錯誤選項、最后得出答案，又比如句子簡化題需要讀原句、提取主干、分析邏輯、對比選項、得出答案等等。
2.可以結合各題型解題技巧解題
技巧的使用是高分必備的。托福閱讀題型的特點給予了考生使用技巧的機會。比如托福閱讀事實信息題這類細節題目，考生可以將與選項中和原文信息相矛盾的選項直接排除;也可以直接排除和題目不符的選項。對于托福閱讀句子插入題，則可以采用連接詞高效解題。
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