2016年托�？荚嚦Ｓ镁湫秃驮~語搭配

　　托福作文高分的標準主要是看考生詞匯、句型的運用，以及托福作文結(jié)構(gòu)的處理。本文總結(jié)托福作文常用句型，希望對大家有所幫助。

　　(1)用于描寫漫畫、圖表的常用句型

　　①As the graph depicts, …

　　②From the cartoon /picture, we can see that…

　�、跘ccording to the statistics shown in the first / second graph,

　　④The table shows / indicates / reveals that…

　　⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that…

　　(2)用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型

　�、賀ecently,… has become the focus of the society.

　　②…has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.

　�、跱owadays there is a growing concern for…

　　④Nowadays it is common to hear / see…

　�、�…has become a common occurrence in our daily life.

　�、轓owadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of…

　�、逫t is only during the last / past few years that man has become generally aware that…

　�、郥here is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes…

　�、酙n recent years, there is a general tendency…

　�、釴owadays… has become a problem we have to face.

　　(3)用于比較、闡述不同觀點的常用句型

　�、賁ome people like / prefer…, while others are / feel inclined to…

　�、赥here are different opinions among people as to… Some believe… whole hold…

　　③Some people claim that… is superior to… Others , however , disagree with it .

　�、躍ome people believe… Others maintain… Still others claim…

　�、軸ome people suggest… Others, however, hold the opposite opinion.

　�、轔n the one hand, people tend to… On the other hand, they feel…

　�、逽ome people argue that… Others, in contrast, believe that…

　　⑧Although more and more people come to believe… there are still others who insist that…

　　⑨On the contrary, there are people in favor of…

　　⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about…

　　(4)用于陳述個人觀點/想法的常用句型

　�、費y own experience tells me that…

　　②In my opinion, we should attack more importance to…

　　③As for my own idea about… I believe…

　�、蹵s far as I am concerned, I plan to…

　　⑤Personally, I prefer…

　　⑥In my view, both sides are partly right in that…

　　⑦But for me, I would rather…

　　⑧My own point of view is that…

　�、酙n conclusion, I support the statement that…

　�、釧s regards me, I tend to choose…

　　(5)用于書信寫作的常用句型

　�、賂hank you for your letter of…

　　②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of… to accept…

　�、跿hanks so much for your letter, which arrived…

　�、躀 am writing to you with reference to…

　�、軮 am writing to you in connection with…

　�、轎 would be grateful if you could / would…

　�、逫 would like to know some information on…

　　⑧It will be appreciated if you can / could…

　�、酙 would also like to know if you can / could…

　�、釯 look forward to hearing from you.

　　(6)用于結(jié)尾的常用句型

　�、貴rom what has been discussed / mentioned above, we may conclude that…

　�、赥herefore, it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that…

　　③It is high time that something was done about…

　�、蹻rom all the reasons / consideration above, it is evident / clear / obvious that…

　　⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that…

　�、轌iven the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented, I strongly recommend that…

　　⑦It is clear, therefore, that…

　�、郃ll in all, what really matters is, in fact, to…

　�、酙t is essential that effective measure be taken to…

　�、釬rom what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that…

　　⑪ In conclusion, the most important is…

　　⑫ On the whole, it is high time that every one…

　　⑬As a result, we should take some effective steps to…

　　⑭ Judging by the figures / statistics, it is not difficult to see that…

　　⑮ Only in this way / in so doing, can be really…

　　托福高分作文標志:

　　1、是否長短句交叉;

　　2、是否會使用插入語;

　　3、用詞是否多樣，準確，形象，盡量使用能夠吸引閱卷老師眼球的閃光詞;

　　4、關(guān)鍵詞是否換用，切勿老用重復(fù)詞;

　　5、句型使用是否準確、地道。

　　下面給出寫好一篇作文的注意事項：

　　1、適當用被動替換主動，這樣能更客觀的反映事實, 句子開頭不要總是用we / I (比如寫結(jié)尾時不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 舉個經(jīng)典結(jié)尾2004年六月六級作文的最后一段：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so, its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.

　　2、善于使用插入語，比如說把副詞、連接詞等，作插入語放在中間，一般放在主語、動詞或者助動詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號。

　　如however / therefore / for example / I believe 做插入語放在中間，一般放在動詞，助動詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號。

　　比如說：Other individuals, however, take the attitude that …

　　3、一定要學(xué)會換詞，換形象，具體的替換太寬泛的。(考試中一般不要出現(xiàn)good, bad, many, thing, think, people, opinion等等)比如上面例子中，applicable替換proper, approaches替換ways, implement替換carry out, sharpen one's competitive edge替換enhance one's competitiveness(提高某物競爭力)

　　下面舉一篇南京工程學(xué)院某位同學(xué)寫的優(yōu)秀作文(14分)的例子，看看他是如何運用各類寫作技巧的。這位同學(xué)把老師上課講的各類寫作手法和精彩替換和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。

　　Computer and I (By Simmy)

　　I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.

　　exceedingly 替換 very

　　thrilling 替換 exciting

　　sth. exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替換 sb. be interested in sth.

　　google 替換 search

　　an army of 替換 a lot of

　　The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure!

　　The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一個精彩句型，用來描述在某個時期發(fā)生了什么事情;Increasing popularity 替換 more and more popular

　　Coincident with… 非常地道的句型，表達“與……一致”的意思，替換With …

　　Advancement 替換 development

　　Pour into (flood into / swarm into) 替換 enter into

　　Current (currently) 替換 now

　　Appeal to sb. 替換 sb. be interested in sth.

　　Growing individuals 替換 more and more people

　　It is no exaggeration to say 經(jīng)典句型， 說某事是毫不夸張的

　　For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment. Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.

　　For a start 替換 To begin with

　　We can, freely, search 用了插入語的寫作手法

　　Our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. 用了非常精彩的被動

　　Additionally 替換 In addition / Besides

　　Deliver 替換 send

　　There is no denying that, however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen, which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.

　　There is no denying that, however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings. 這個句子有三個精彩之處，首先There is no denying that這個句型，還有however作為插入語，function in the disservice of 替換 do harm to

　　Emerging 替換 appearing (fading 替換 disappearing)

　　Net citizen 網(wǎng)民，屬于精彩用詞

　　As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computers do play a positive role in the development of people's lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should ,therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.

　　No garden has no weeds 替換 Every coin has two sides

　　Computers do play, do 強調(diào)

　　Positive 替換 important / good 等

　　A slice of 替換 a part of

　　Unfavorable 替換 bad

　　Impacts 替換 effects / influences

　　We should, therefore, take advantage of … 使用插入語

　　Fruits (而且fruits 用的非常形象，merits/ virtues) 替換 advantage (defects 替換 disadvantage) Facet 替換 aspect

　　以下是30個最經(jīng)典的替換詞，各位同學(xué)可以參考一下:

　　1. individuals,characters, folks 替換 (people ,persons)

　　2. positive, favorable, rosy (美好的), promising (有希望的), perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替換 good

　　3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的) 替換bad

　　如果bad做表語，可以有be less impressive替換

　　eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.

　　4. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most) 替換 many.

　　注：用many, if not most一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。

　　Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替換 most.

　　5. a slice of, quiet a few , several 替換 some

　　6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that,

　　hold the view that, it is widely shared that,

　　it is universally acknowledged that) 替 think (因為是書面語，所以要加that)

　　7. affair, business, matter 替換 thing

　　8. shared 代 common

　　9. reap huge fruits 替換 get many benefits

　　10. for my part, from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion

　　11. Increasing(ly), growing 替換 more and more (注意沒有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當修飾名詞時用increasing/growing，修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly.)

　　Eg. sth has gained growing popularity.

　　Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.

　　12. little if anything, 或 little or nothing 替換 hardly

　　13. beneficial, rewarding 替換 helpful,

　　14. shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替換 customer

　　15. exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替換 very

　　16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替換 unnecessary, avoidable

　　17. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換 sb take interest in / sb. be interested in

　　18. capture one's attention 替換 attract one's attention.

　　19. facet,demension,sphere 代 aspect

　　20. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 代 indicate, suggest, fear

　　21. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替換 cause.

　　22. There are several reasons behind sth 替換 ... reasons for sth

　　23. desire 替換 want.

　　24. pour attention into 替換 pay attention to

　　25. bear in mind that 替換 remember

　　26. enjoy, possess 替換 have (注意process是過程的意思)

　　27. interaction 替換 communication

　　28. frown on sth 替換 be against, disagree with sth

　　29. to name only a few, as an example 替換 for example, for instance

　　30. next to / virtually impossible, 替換nearly / almost impossible

　　托福寫作之詞語如何搭配

　　托福寫作中不少考生的作文整體語言簡單，或者偏口語化，卻摻雜了數(shù)個SAT閱讀詞匯，讀來別扭——也就是學(xué)生粗淺地知其大概中文意思，但根據(jù)中文意思再放到寫作里頭便出現(xiàn)了不和諧，甚至是完全錯誤的用法。下面我們來看看托福寫作中詞語搭配問題的解決方法。

　　先來說說準確性。

　　譬如這樣一個句子：My writing ability increased by reading many books. 拆開來看，每個英文單詞對應(yīng)的中文意思是對的。但存在一個問題，ability和increase是不搭配的。任何一個單詞，都不能單純地說用得好不好。語言是講究搭配的，簡單常見的詞只要搭配合適，放置合適的語境，依然可以鍛造完美的句子。這個道理和穿衣混搭是一樣的。穿著漂亮不在于單品是如何大牌如何昂貴，而在于款式質(zhì)地的和諧，以及最后的上身效果。在這個句子中，increase表示增加的意思，主要表示數(shù)量的增加。盡管有時也能表示程度的增進，但這里和ability的搭配是不正確的。一般我們說develop one's ability，也可以說improve one's ability. 因此，這句話得修改成My writing ability developed by reading many books. 當然還可以修改得更地道一些。后半句想表達“閱讀”，學(xué)生一般的習(xí)慣是把“讀”和“書”全部翻譯出來。注意，寫作是表達，不是翻譯。這么寫固然是對的，還不夠理想。我們進一步把句子修改成My writing ability developed by reading much. 從表達效果來講，已經(jīng)“達”了，考生想表述的意思和閱卷人讀到的意思完全吻合。當然句子可以再繼續(xù)修改得更加豪華，本文暫不贅述。

　　那么，詞語的搭配如何檢驗?zāi)?在各種班型的培訓(xùn)課程中，老師固然會提到一些典型搭配。但更為重要的是考生自己掌握檢驗的方法。我個人比較推薦Oxford Learner's English Collocation Dictionary(《牛津?qū)W生英語搭配詞典》)，其中的語料來源和實用性都比較好。

　　以上就是小編推薦的關(guān)于托福寫作中詞語搭配問題的處理辦法，最后，別忘了一件事情：仿寫。只看不寫，永遠不能將輸入語言化成輸出語言。盡量仿寫整句，保持原句結(jié)構(gòu)，替換內(nèi)容。作文應(yīng)該是個人化的。因此，從一開始就在語言上打造屬于自己的烙印才是上策，并且對將來的留學(xué)生活都將帶來長遠的益處。

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