有哪些方法可以猜測托福閱讀中的詞匯意思

　　出國托福欄目為大家帶來了《8個方法猜測托福閱讀中的詞匯意思》，我們欄目會持續關注托福考試信息動態，希望大家能夠考出好成績!

　　1.根據定義、解釋猜測詞義

　　We all know that ants are ferocious eaters. They differ widely in their diets and may be carnivorous, herbivorous, or omnivorous, meaning that some eat meat; others eat only plants while others eat a combination of both.由后面的解釋我們可以得知：“carnivorous”的意思是“食肉的”;“herbivorous”的意思是“食草的”;“omnivorous”的意思是“雜食的”。

　　2.根據復述(同位語、定語等)猜測詞義

　　Today, I’d like to talk about some of the changes land can undergo, specifically desertification, process through which land becomes part of a desert.

　　后面的同位語告訴我們“desertification”的意思是“沙漠化。”

　　3.根據舉例猜測詞義

　　After breakfast, many people go to church; but the children will be playing with their new toys, and the mother will probably be preparing the Christmas dinner. This includes poultry for the main course (e.g. chicken, turkey, duck, goose), salads, breads, and vegetable, and features a variety of desserts, for example, pies, puddings, and ice cream.

　　“chicken, turkey, duck, goose”同屬“poultry：家禽”。

　　4.根據對比關系猜測詞義

　　Jane was talking with others while Eliza remained reticent all the time.

　　“while”是一個顯示對比的信號詞，“reticent”與“talking”相對應，“reticent”：沉默的。

　　5.根據比喻關系猜測詞義

　　The hot-air balloon took off. It was as buoyant in the air as a cork (軟木塞) in water.

　　把熱氣球比作水中的軟木塞，說明“buoyant ”的意義：“漂浮;浮力。”

　　6.根據同義詞的替代猜測詞義

　　Venus rotates retrograde, or “backwards”, spinning in the opposite direction of its orbit around the Sun.

　　由“backwards”這一替代詞得知“retrograde”的意思：“向后的。”

　　7.有時也可根據一般性常識/生活經驗猜測詞義

　　The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.

　　門太低，我的頭撞在“lintel門楣”上了。

　　8.也可根據詞形構造猜測詞義

　　More recently, scientists have documented an alarmingly high occurrence of frogs with malformations.

　　form是詞根, formation“形式”，mal-:構詞前綴，可表示“壞、惡、不良”，還可表示“不、不正常、不當、非法。”malformation的意思就應該是“畸形。”更多的例子如：malnutrition: 營養不良;malconduct:(公職人員的)胡作非為;maladjustive: 引起失調的;不利調節的。

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