初中英語常見錯誤之B系列

　　引導語：錯題本是中考英語的高分秘籍。他能讓我們總結錯誤思路，得到正確答案，大大提高我們的分數。以下是YJBYS的小編為大家整理的初中英語常見錯誤之B系列。希望對大家的學習能有所幫助!

　　B

　　back

　　[誤] I'm sorry. I have to back home.

　　[正] I'm sorry. I have to go back home.

　　[正] I'm sorry. I have to go home.

　　[析] back用作"回到(某處)"之意,不是動詞。

　　be

　　[誤] Where do you from?

　　[正] Where are you from?

　　[析] "你從何處來"應為Where are you from?或Where do you come from? 但要注意這兩句話均是問對方從哪個國家來的。要是口語中問"你是從什么地方來?"應講Where did you come from? 回答用I came from the library.

　　beat

　　[誤] We have won your class.

　　[正] We have beaten your class.

　　[正] We have won the game.

　　[析] win是勝過之意,它是及物動詞,但其后的賓語只能接比賽、戰爭、獎品、獎金的名稱,如:Which team won the football match? 而beat指打敗對手、敵人……如:My brother beat me at poker.(要注意的是,beat的過去式與原形相同,而過去分詞為beaten)。

　　[誤] The ball beat me badly.

　　[正] The ball hit me badly.

　　[誤] He used to hit the little boy black and blue.

　　[正] He used to beat the little boy black and blue.

　　[析] beat指打擊多次,而hit則為擊中對方的一次性打擊。

　　beautiful

　　[誤] He is a beautiful boy.

　　[正] He is a handsome boy.

　　[析] 我們可以講She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要講男人的"英俊"時要用handsome.

　　because

　　[誤] The reason why I was late is because I was ill.

　　[正] The reason why I was late is that I was ill.

　　[誤] Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded.

　　[正] Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.

　　[析] 這種錯誤是因為中文的習慣與英語的表述法不同,中文常講我來晚了的原因是因為我病了,而英文中的第二個因為要用that代替。又因中文常講因為……所以……,而英文中用了因為就不能再用所以了,同樣用了"所以"也就不要再用"因為"一詞。例如:Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者:We study hard so we passed the exam easily.

　　because because of

　　because后要接從句,例如:We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名詞作介詞賓語,如:He is not at school because of the illness.

　　before

　　[誤] We have two hours to kill before we will go home.

　　[正] We have two hours to kill before we go home.

　　[析] kill time意為"消磨時光"。

　　英語狀語從句中要用一般現在時表示將來的動作。如:If it rains we will not go to the park.

　　[誤] I did this work two days before.

　　[正] I did this work two days ago.

　　[析] 用ago組成的時間狀語其主句中的謂語動詞要用過去時,而before引起的時間狀語其主句中的謂語動詞多用完成時,如:I has done this work a few days before.

　　before long long before

　　before long是"不久"之意,例如:I shall go to America before long. 而long before則是"很久很久"之意,如:We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我們在看到這位老師之前很久就知道他了。)

　　begin

　　[誤] The meeting will begin from Monday.

　　[正] The meeting will begin on Monday.

　　[誤] The film has begun for ten minutes.

　　[正] The film has been on for ten minutes.

　　[析] begin是瞬間動詞,所以它的完成時態不能接表示一段時間的狀語,如:The film has begun. 這句話是對的,即"電影已經開始"。但要講已經開始10分鐘了則要用has been on即"上演了10分鐘"。

　　begin start

　　begin與start兩詞后面加不定式或動名詞都可以,且意思并無區別,但在表達習慣時接動名詞的用法較多,如:How old wern you when you first started learning English?但這兩個詞的進行時態中則多用不定式,如:I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主語是物而不是人,則多用不定式,如:The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 當動詞是表達某種心理狀態時,要用不定式,如:The student began to understand his mistakes.

　　[誤] They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.

　　[正] They study hard in the class from beginning to end.

　　[析] from beginning to end是習慣用法,即自始至終,不要加冠詞,但如單獨使用則要加冠詞,例如:At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.

　　behind

　　[誤] He missed the class because he was behind the time.

　　[正] He missed the class because he was behind time.

　　[析] behind time一短語意為"晚了",而behind the times意為"落后于時代"。behind是介詞同時又是副詞,如Come out from behind the door(介詞). He's a long way behind(副詞). He fell behind with his classmates(副詞).?

　　below

　　[誤] What's that below the chair.

　　[正] What's that under the chair.

　　[析] under意為"正下方",而below意為"比……低",或指"在下游"。如:There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一個瀑布。)其反義詞為over,如:There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表達語中則要用the example below, 而不要用under.

　　beside

　　[誤] The students stood besides the teacher.

　　[正] The students stood beside the teacher.

　　[誤] I study English beside Chinese.

　　[正] I study English besides Chinese.

　　[析] beside意為"在……旁邊",而besides是"除……以外(還如何)"。

　　beside by near

　　beside意為"在……旁",如:There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿著"之意,如:She is standing by the window. near多用來表示兩地間距離不遠,如:There is a post office near our school.

　　better

　　[誤] You had better to do it at home.

　　[正] You had better do it at home.

　　[誤] You hadn't better wake me up at six.

　　[正] You had better not wake me up at six.

　　[析] had better在肯定句中為"應該作某事",其后加不帶to的不定式,而在否定句中應用had better+not+動詞原形。在簡答語中had常省略為'd,如:You'd better not. 又如:Let's? go first. No, we'd better not.

　　between

　　[誤] Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.

　　[正] Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.

　　[析] 兩者之間多用between,三者或三者以上之間則用among.

　　[誤] You must choose between this club or that club.

　　[正] You must choose between this club and that club.

　　[析] 在兩個之間作出選擇要用between…and…,而不能用between…or…

　　big

　　[誤] There was a big rain last night.

　　[正] There was a heavy rain last night.

　　[析] 大雨在英語中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.

　　bit

　　[誤] He is a bit fool.

　　[正] He is a bit of a fool.

　　[析] a bit可以作程度副詞,與a little相同,但它用于名詞前應用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應用a bit,如:I'm a bit tired, 而其簡答的否定句應為Not a bit, (一點兒也不。)又如:

　　-Do you mind if I open the door?

　　-Not a bit.

　　black

　　[誤] The children became black after swimming in the sea.

　　[正] The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.

　　[析] 因太陽照曬而皮膚變黑,不應用black而應用sunburned, sun colour或dark.

　　[誤] The girl has black eyes and black hair.

　　[正] The girl has dark eyes and black hair.

　　[析] 英語中black eyes的意思是被打得發青的眼睛。

　　[誤] The Europeans like red tea.

　　[正] The Europeans like black tea.

　　[析] 紅茶在英文中應為black tea. 這種慣用法還有:black and blue(鼻青臉腫,青一塊紫一塊);black?and?white(黑白電視片)。go black意為"在失去知覺時眼前一片黑暗";look black意為"情況不妙,前景暗淡"。如:After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and black?and?white for others.

　　body

　　[誤] Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.

　　[正] Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.

　　[析] 中文常講對你身體有利,而英文中則講對你健康有利。

　　borrow

　　[誤] May I lend some books from the library?

　　[正] May I borrow some books from the library?

　　[誤] How long can I borrow it?

　　[正] How long can I keep it?

　　[析] 英語中有三個詞都可譯為"借",但意義各不相同如:"借入"是borrow,其常用句型結構是borrow something from somebody,這是個瞬間性動詞,不可與表示延續的時間狀語連用。例如:The students want to borrow some books from the library. "借出"用lend,即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如:Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動詞,也不能與延續的時間狀語連用。keep則是延續性動詞,可以和表示長時間段的時間狀語連用,也可與how long等疑問詞連用,如:You can keep it for three days.

　　born (bear的過去分詞)

　　[誤] I born in Shanghai.

　　[正] I was born in Shanghai.

　　[誤] He was born from Greek parents.

　　[正] He was born of Greek parents.

　　[析] "出身于……樣的家庭"不要作from而要用of,例如:He was born of a poor family.

　　both

　　[誤] They both are students.

　　[正] They are both students.

　　[誤] They refuse both to answer this question.

　　[正] They both refuse to answer this question.

　　[析] both作同位語時,一般要用在be動詞之后實意動詞之前。

　　[誤] I know his both parents.

　　[正] I know both his parents.

　　[誤] The both brothers were students.

　　[正] Both the brothers were students.

　　[正] Both brothers were students.

　　[析] 當both與形容詞性物主代詞my, his, her等以及定冠詞the連用時,都應將這些詞置于both之后。另外,在與定冠詞連用時the可以省略。

　　[誤] Both of my parents are not at home.

　　[正] Neither of my parents are at home.

　　[誤] Both of your answers are not right.

　　[正] Neither of your answers is right.

　　[正] Both your answers are wrong.

　　[析] both不能用于否定句中作主語。表示"兩者都不"時要用neither;但作賓語時both與either則都對,但要注意句意有所不同。例如:I cannot give both of the books to you. (我不能將兩本書全給你。)而I cannot give either of the books to you. (兩本書中哪本書也不能給你。)

　　bring

　　[誤] Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.

　　[正] Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.

　　[誤] Next time, please take your little sister here.

　　[正] Next time, please bring your little sister here.

　　[析] 英語中bring是"帶來",而take是"帶走"。還有一個詞fetch, 表示"到某處去把某物取、接回來"。如:Please fetch the doctor at once.

　　business

　　[誤] My father went to Shanghai for business.

　　[正] My father went to Shanghai on business.

　　[析] on business出差

　　busy

　　[誤] The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.

　　[正] The students were very busy preparing for the exam.

　　[析] be busy doing something為"忙于作某事"

　　[誤] The students were busy for the exam.

　　[正] The students were busy with the exam.

　　[析] busy直接接名詞時應用with.

　　but

　　[誤] He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.

　　[正] He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.

　　[誤] She couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.

　　[正] She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.

　　[析] couldn't help其后應接動名詞,表示情不自禁的動作,但couldn't help but后面要加動詞原形即省to的不定式,所以前一句應譯為"他才真正認識到他錯了。"

　　buy

　　[誤] I have bought this dictionary for three years.

　　[正] I have had this dictionary for three years.

　　[析] buy是截止性(即瞬間)動詞,它可以有完成時,如:I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能與表示較長的時間狀語連用。如要講我這本字典已買了3年了則要用have had這一結構即我擁有這本字典已3年了。

　　by

　　[誤] The boy shot the cat by a gun.

　　[正] The boy shot the cat with a gun.

　　[誤] He came to school by a taxi this morning.

　　[正] He came to school by taxi this morning.

　　[析] 作為某種運輸手段來講,by與名詞間不能有冠詞,如:by car, by bike, by air等。如有了冠詞或其他修飾詞,則應用別的相應的介詞,如:"我們今天早上是乘他的車來的"一句應譯為:We came here in his car this morning.?與by結合而成的詞組很多,常用的有:by the way順便說說;by hand手工制作;by oneself獨自地;by no means決不。

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