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12月英語六級(jí)閱讀理解重點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練
在日常學(xué)習(xí)、工作生活中，我們都經(jīng)常看到閱讀答案的身影，閱讀答案所涉及的內(nèi)容可能只是某一知識(shí)體系中的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，或某一知識(shí)點(diǎn)中的一部分內(nèi)容，在我們的學(xué)習(xí)中有著重要的作用。那么一般好的閱讀答案都具備什么特點(diǎn)呢？以下是小編為大家收集的12月英語六級(jí)閱讀理解重點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
10 Ways Obama Could Fight Climate Change
[A] One of the biggest surprises of President Barack Obamas inaugural address,on Monday was how much he focused on fighting climate change, spending more time on that issue than any other. "We will respond to the threat of climate change, knowing that the failure to do so would betray our children and future generations," Obama said. The President pointed out that recent severe weather supplied an urgent impetus for energy innovation and staked the nations economic future on responding to a changing climate. "We cannot cede to other nations the technology that will power new jobs and new industries--we must claim its promise," Obama said. " Thats how we will maintain our economic vitality and our national treasure--our forests and waterways; our croplands and snowcapped (山頂積雪的) peaks. That is how we will preserve our planet, commanded to our care by God. " so what could the President reasonably do to deliver on that vow? Here are ten of their suggestions:
Sunset coal with new incentives and regulations.
[B] "Provide incentives to phase out the oldest, most polluting power plants," said Robert Jackson, a climate scientist at Duke University. Its already happening, to some degree, as more of the nation transitions to natural gas. Earth scientist Bill Chameides, dean of Dukes Nicholas School of the Environment and a former chief scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, urges the administration to use its Clean, Air Act authority to promulgate (頒布 )carbon regulations for existing power plants like it has for new ones: "Doing that will force fuel switching from coal to natural gas. "Invest federal stimulus money in nuclear power.
[C] Its hardly a perfect fuel, as accidents like Japans Fukushima fallout have shown, but with safety precautions new nuclear plants can meaningfully offset dirtier types of energy, supporters say."Nuclear is the only short-to medium-term way to really get away from fossil fuels," said Peter Raven. President emeritus of the Missouri Botanical Garden. He said the damage done by relentless global warming will far exceed the damage done by faults in the nuclear system.
Kill the Keystone pipeline.
[D] The controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline is up for review again by the White House this year. "The font thing he should do to set the tone to a lower carbon economy is to reject the Keystone pipeline, “said Raymond Pierrehum Bert, a geophysical scientist at the University of Chicago. The pipeline was never going to be a major driver of global emissions, but Pierre humbert and some other environmentalists say that by killing it the President would send a clear message about Americas intent to ramp down fossil fuels.
Protect the oceans by executive order.
[E] Land use is complicated, but large swaths of oceans can be protected by executive order. Just as President George W. Bush designated the worlds largest marine monument northwest of Hawaii in 2006. Obama could single-handedly protect other areas. National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Sylvia Earle said the President should focus on parts of the Arctic that are under U. S. control, putting them off limits to energy production, commercial fishing, and mineral exploration. Marine sanctuaries (禁捕區(qū)) wont stop climate change, but they can give marine species a better chance of adapting to it by reducing the other man-made threats the animals face.
Experiment with capturing carbon.
[F] Huge untapped reserves of natural gas and oil make it unlikely that the U. S. will transition away from fossil fuels in the immediate future. Instead, said Wallace Broecker, geology professor at Columbia Universitys Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, we should attack the atmospheres carbon surplus directly. "Obama could make available funds to build and test prototype air capture units" to capture and store CO2, said Broecker. Removing some carbon from the atmosphere could buy valuable time as policy makers and scientists explore more permanent solutions.
Grow government research for new energy sources.
[G] The Department of Energy has a nimble program thats tasked with innovative energy research—the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy. The ARPA-E funds research in biofuels, transmission,and battery storage, with an annual budget of $ 275 million. Last year, DOE officials requested at least $ 75 million more. Increasing funding for ARPA-E, said Rare Pomerance, former deputy assistant secretary of state for environment and development and currently an environmental consultant, "you get new technologies that undercut coal, oil, and gas. " Plus, he said, yon get a competitive advantage if American researchers uncover the next big idea in new energy.
Tax carbon.
[H] Congress would have to agree, but many climate experts say that the most meaningful way to tackle emissions is to set a price on carbon. "We should be asking people to pay the cost of putting carbon into the atmosphere as they buy the fuel," said Josh Willis, climate scientist and oceanographer at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory. To gain political support for the idea, Obama would probably have to show that the tax wonld help accelerate technology, grow new industries, and pay down the deficit.
Dial back the federal governments energy use.
[I] With more than I. 8 million employees, $ 500 billion in annual purchasing power, and 500,000 buildings to operate, the federal government has been a leader in reducing energy use since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste. "I would urge him to keep using the power of government to promote energy conservation," said Syndonia Bret-Harte, an Arctic biologist who studies climate change at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Build a scientific clearinghouse for climate information.
[J] "I advocate for building a better information system on what is happening and why," said Kevin Tren berth, head of the Climate Analysis Section at the U. S. National Center for Atmospheric Research. That involves compiling observations related to climate change from around the world and using the data to refine climate modeling. Think of it as a one-stop, user-friendly website that clearly demonstrates how weather data from around the globe are influenced by broader shifts in the planets climate.
Keep talking. Despite a consensus among top scientists, the world still needs some convincing on climate change.
[K] A CNN poll last week found that just 49 percent of Americans agree that global warming is real and is due to human activities. "The most important thing the President can do is to build on his inaugural comments to heighten the sense of urgency about rapid climate destabilization and clarify its connection to virtually every other issue on the national agenda," said David Orr, environmental studies professor at Oberlin College. That means using the bully clergymen to show how a more volatile climate affects everything from agriculture to transportation to 21st-century warfare.
46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimed at pushing power plants to replace coal by natural gas.
47. Marine sanctuaries should be preserved because they help sea species adapt to climate alteration.
48. The government should take the responsibility to raise Americans awareness about climate change.
49. Many climate experts believe that the most effective way to lower emission is to tax on carbon.
50. Nuclear supporters argue that nuclear system failures are less challenging than global warming.
51. Recent extreme weather made President Obama feel it is urgent to address climate change.
52. Keystone pipeline should be rejected because it is a signal to reduce fossil fuels.
53. Since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste, the federal government has taken the lead in saving energy.
54. Lower carbon emission will be most likely to happen if research in new energy resources succeeds.
55. Compared with turning to new energy, America prefers carbon capture and store as a temporary measure.
46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimed at pushing power plants to replace coal by natural gas.
參考答案
譯文 推動(dòng)頒布碳法規(guī)的目的在于迫使燃料從煤炭轉(zhuǎn)向天然氣。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞promulgate carbon regulations，coal，natural gas定位到原文劃線句。
47. Marine sanctuaries should be preserved because they help sea species adapt to climate alteration.
譯文 秘海洋禁捕區(qū)應(yīng)予以保留，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢宰尯Ｑ笊锔玫剡m應(yīng)氣候變化。
定位 關(guān)鍵詞 Marine sanctuaries，sea species定位到原文劃線句。
48. The government should take the responsibility to raise Americans awareness about climate change.
譯文 秘政府應(yīng)該承擔(dān)起責(zé)任，加強(qiáng)美國(guó)民眾對(duì)氣候變化的認(rèn)識(shí)。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞Americans’awareness定位到原文劃線句。
49. Many climate experts believe that the most effective way to lower emission is to tax on carbon.
譯文 氣候?qū)＜艺J(rèn)為解決碳排放問題最有效的方法就是征稅。
定位 關(guān)鍵詞Many climate experts定位到原文劃線句。
50. Nuclear supporters argue that nuclear system failures are less challenging than global warming.
譯文 核能支持者認(rèn)為核能事故的危害比起全球變暖的危害要小。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞Nuclear supporters，less challenging，global warming定位到原文劃線句。
51. Recent extreme weather made President Obama feel it is urgent to address climate change.
譯文 近期的極端天氣讓奧x總統(tǒng)感到應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的任務(wù)越來越緊迫。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞extreme weather，Obama，climate change定位到原文劃線句。
52. Keystone pipeline should be rejected because it is a signal to reduce fossil fuels.
譯文 重點(diǎn)輸油管道項(xiàng)目應(yīng)該被否決，因?yàn)檫@是減少化石燃料的信號(hào)。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞Keystone pipeline定位到原文劃線句。
53. Since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste, the federal government has taken the lead in saving energy.
譯文 自從奧x總統(tǒng)在2009年下令減少?gòu)U氣排放之后，聯(lián)邦政府一直是節(jié)能方面的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。
定位 關(guān)鍵詞0bama，2009 executive order，cut waste，lead定位到原文劃線句。
54. Lower carbon emission will be most likely to happen if research in new energy resources succeeds.
譯文 如果新能源研究成功，碳排放很有可能會(huì)獺少。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞new energy定位到原文劃線句。
55. F)Compared with turning to new energy, America prefers carbon capture and store as a temporary measure.
譯文 與新能源相比起來，美國(guó)更傾向于將碳獲取與存儲(chǔ)作為臨時(shí)措施。
定位 由關(guān)鍵詞carbon capture and store定位到原文劃線句。
拓展：英語六級(jí)閱讀理解攻略
一、細(xì)節(jié)題。
考查重點(diǎn)：考查考生對(duì)文章中具體某一問題的掌握。
解題攻略：先解讀問題，弄清楚提問哪一方面，是人物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間，還是問題的解決辦法等，要素就是What，When，Where，Why，How。可以根據(jù)問題詞干定位原文信息，然后仔細(xì)閱讀全段，找出正確答案。
二、推理題。
考查重點(diǎn)：考查考生綜合運(yùn)用語感、語法、詞匯、邏輯等方面的知識(shí)對(duì)文章進(jìn)行分析和判斷的能力。
解題攻略：推斷題的難點(diǎn)就在于文中沒有給出直接的答案，需要我們聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行推敲，弄懂前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，同時(shí)也要注意句子間或段落之間表示過渡關(guān)系或轉(zhuǎn)折讓步等關(guān)系的連詞和副詞。也可以采用排除法，逐一篩除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
三、主旨大意題。
考查重點(diǎn)：主要是考查考生對(duì)短文的整體把握能力，能否抓住中心思想。
解題攻略：通常來說，表明中心思想的主題句一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)在段首或段尾，或是在段首段尾出現(xiàn)前后呼應(yīng)的句子，因此考生要著重注意這兩個(gè)重點(diǎn)區(qū)域。少數(shù)情況下主題句也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在段中或是無明確主題句，這時(shí)考生就要綜合全文，整理出文章的脈絡(luò)，判斷文章的主要描述對(duì)象。
六級(jí)閱讀理解技巧
（一）SectionA選詞填空題
1、閱讀過程中訊速瀏覽全文，了解文章主題；
2、閱讀15個(gè)選項(xiàng)，將單詞分為名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四種類型（按最原始的意思分，一般形容詞和副詞較多）；
3、根據(jù)語法特征確定所填詞性；
4、根據(jù)上下文邏輯確定所填詞義。
（二）SectionB信息匹配題
1、閱讀文后十道題，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞；
2、含最優(yōu)關(guān)鍵詞（數(shù)詞、時(shí)間、專有名詞）的題先行匹配；
3、剩余題進(jìn)行匹配，注意有時(shí)兩題會(huì)對(duì)應(yīng)同一段。
在信息匹配題這里反復(fù)提到了關(guān)鍵詞的概念。那么什么是關(guān)鍵詞呢？關(guān)鍵詞是用來幫助我們定位信息的詞匯。
最理想的情況是：我們依靠所劃的關(guān)鍵詞迅速定位到信息所在的段落，從而得到答案。這就要求我們所劃的關(guān)鍵詞是獨(dú)一無二的，它只出現(xiàn)在原文的某一個(gè)段落。那么什么樣的詞才有這個(gè)特點(diǎn)呢？
關(guān)鍵詞通常分為兩類：第一類是表時(shí)間、數(shù)字及首字母大寫的人名地名等專有名詞;第二類是比較長(zhǎng)，比較復(fù)雜的名詞;這里切記，不能用表達(dá)中心思想的主題詞去定位，因?yàn)槲恼峦ㄆv的都是它。
由于問題順序和文章行文順序一致，所以先做第一小題，然后做第二小題，看一道，做一道。千萬不要把文章全部看完后再做題，或者全部題目看完后再讀文章。
在將題目和文章比對(duì)的同時(shí)，要善于學(xué)會(huì)精讀重點(diǎn)信息。比如，文中舉例處，引語及多個(gè)名詞并列而不是完整句子的內(nèi)容，均可略讀。
此外，要多關(guān)注文中的邏輯關(guān)系詞，對(duì)于這些詞的把握，有助于我們精確把握重要信息。通常要注意下面三種邏輯關(guān)系：
(1)并列、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and，or，besides，furthermore，what’s more，then，in addition，moreover，in other words;
(2)因果關(guān)系：as a result of，on account of，as a result，thanks to，therefore，hence，consequently，because，for，due to，owing to;
(3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：whereas，however，but，nevertheless，yet，in fact;
最后，要學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，比如冒號(hào)，破折號(hào)，小括號(hào)。這些標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的出現(xiàn)就是對(duì)前面的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的說明。所以，在閱讀文章時(shí)，可以跳讀這些標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后面的信息，從而幫助我們節(jié)省更多寶貴的時(shí)間并且更加快速地把握文章的主旨。
（二）SectionC仔細(xì)閱讀題
1、利用文章主題或全文核心詞提示答案；
2、利用定位句上下文重復(fù)描述的內(nèi)容確定答案；
因?yàn)樵谧屑?xì)閱讀題中主旨題與態(tài)度題經(jīng)常會(huì)涉及到而且占了很大比重，所以現(xiàn)在重點(diǎn)介紹一下主旨題和態(tài)度題。
主旨題：閱讀首末段以及各段首句，尤其注意首末段的轉(zhuǎn)折句；綜合全文的核心名詞詞組，這種詞也常在各段首句出現(xiàn)；第三種：閱讀五道題的題干，綜合共同的名詞詞組。錯(cuò)誤答案一般設(shè)計(jì)為文中的細(xì)節(jié)，若僅僅是某一段的主題。正確答案一般具有模糊化、概括化的特點(diǎn)，往往是最短的或者第二短的那個(gè)選項(xiàng)。
態(tài)度題：題中含有opinion,view,attitude或consider,deem,thinkof等詞；
若是問文中某人的態(tài)度，則當(dāng)細(xì)節(jié)題做，定位后尋找表示感情色彩的詞；
若是問作者本人的態(tài)度，需要綜合全文信息，尤其從首尾段考慮。這種題類似于主旨題的做法。
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