2017年大學英語四級真題及答案
在平平淡淡的日常中，我們都可能會接觸到試題，試題有助于被考核者了解自己的真實水平。什么類型的試題才能有效幫助到我們呢？以下是小編收集整理的大學英語四級真題及答案，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。
大學英語四級真題及答案1
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions： For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty。 You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions： In this section， you will hear three news reports。 At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。 Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A)The International Labor Organization?s key objective.
B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.
C)Rising unemployment worldwide.
D)Global economic recovery.
2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.
B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.
C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.
D)Many countries need support to improve their people?s livelihood.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.
B)Put calorie information on the menu.
C)Increase protein content in the food.
D)Offer convenient food to customers.
4. A)They will be fined.
B)They will be closed.
C)They will get a warning.
D)They will lose customers.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.
B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.
C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.
D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.
6. A)It is the secret to business success.
B)It is the creation of something new.
C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.
D)It is an essential part of business culture.
7. A)Its hardworking employees.
B)Its flexible promotion strategy.
C)Its innovation culture.
D)Its willingness to make investments.
Section B
Directions： In this section， you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A)He?s got addicted to technology.
B)He is not very good at socializing.
C)He is crazy about text-messaging.
D)He does not talk long on the phone.
9. A)Talk big.
B)Talk at length.
C)Gossip a lot.
D)Forget herself.
10. A)He thought it was cool.
B)He needed the practice.
C)He wanted to stay connected with them.
D)He had an urgent message to send.
11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.
B)It saves both time and money.
C)It is childish and unprofessional.
D)It is cool and convenient.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.
B)He is unhappy with his department manager.
C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.
D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.
13. A)His workload was much too heavy.
B)His immediate boss did not trust him.
C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.
D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.
14. A)He never knows how to refuse.
B)He is always ready to help others.
C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.
D)His boss has no sense of fairness.
15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.
B)Wait and see what happens next.
C)Learn to say no when necessary.
D)Talk to his boss in person first.
Section C
Directions： In this section， you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，
B)，C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.
B) Reasons for Americans? decline in sleep.
C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.
D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.
17. A)They are more health-conscious.
B)They are changing their living habits.
C)They get less and less sleep.
D) They know the dangers of lack of sleep.
18. A)Their weight will go down.
B)Their mind function will deteriorate.
C)Their work efficiency will decrease.
D)Their blood pressure will rise.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A)How much you can afford to pay.
B)What course you are going to choose.
C)Which university you are going to apply to.
D)When you are going to submit your application.
20. A)The list of courses studied.
B)The full record of scores.
C)The references from teachers.
D)The personal statement.
21. A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.
B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.
C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.
D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A)It was equipped with rubber tyres.
B)It was built in the late 19th century.
C)It was purchased by the Royal family.
D)It was designed by an English engineer.
23. A)They consumed lots of petrol.
B)They took two passengers only.
C)They were difficult to drive.
D)They often broke down.
24. A)They were produced on the assembly line.
B)They were built with less costly materials.
C)They were modeled after British cars.
D)They were made for ordinary use.
25. A)It made news all over the world.
B)It was built for the Royal family.
C)It marked a new era in motor travel.
D)It attracted large numbers of motorists.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions： In this section， there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Physical activity does the body good， and there?s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise， whether at school or on their own，to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic investigators found that the more children moved， the better their grades were in school，math， English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. in recent years， some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show， exercise and academics may not Physical activity can improve to the brain， fueling memory， attention and creativity to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress， which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they?re running around， they may actually be exercising their brains as well.
Section B
Directions： In this section， you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Finding the Right Home—and ContentmentToo
[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.
[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home， or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear， or is that an out-moded stereotype Can doing one?s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.
[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care， let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.
[D] The most recent of these studies， published in The journal of Applied Gerontology， surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living， nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about
their quality of life， emotional well-being and social interaction， as well as about the quality of the facilities.
[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types，” said the lead author of the study， Julie Robison， an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don?t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can?t?
[F] In the initial results， assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities， for instance， and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.
[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables， such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type， they found， that creates differences in residents? responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in， combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are， their age and marital status，” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health， therefore， might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home， other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place， not the sort of place in itself， that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can?t just say， ?Let?s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off，” Dr. Robison said. What matters， she added， “is a combination of what people bring in with them， and what they find there.”
[I] Such findings， which run counter to common sense， have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living， for instance， University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility?s type， size or age; whether a chain owned it; how
attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness， mental decline， hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents? physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.
[J] As I was considering all this， a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk， announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact， consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities， the lowest rated， than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)
[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane， a geriatrician(老年病學專家)at the University of North Carolina：“In a way， that could be liberating for families.”
[L] Of course， sons and daughters want to visit the facilities， talk to the administrators and residents and other families， and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don?t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy，” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas， too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant， inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived， though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room， they sat alone at a table.
[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there， and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research， that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities， involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
45.A resident?s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
Section C
Directions： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage one
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
As Artificial Intelligence(AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated， there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided， according to computer science professor Stuart Russell， if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks， it?s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.
For example， if a robot does chores around the house， you wouldn?t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values，” said Russell.
Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example， mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences， but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space， you wouldn?t think that?s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.
It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines， if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.
The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and they?ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌). One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave， it has the opportunity to stop， send out beeps(嘟嘟聲)， and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren?t quite sure about a decision， we go and ask somebody else.
The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral， and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer， robots could be good for humanity.
46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A)It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.
B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?
A)They are aggressive.
B)They are outgoing.
C)They are ignorant.
D)They are ill-bred.
48.How do robots learn human values?
A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.
B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.
C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.
49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?
A)keep a distance from possible dangers.
B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.
C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.
D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.
50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?
A)Determine what is moral and ethical.
B)Design some large-scale experiments.
C)Set rules for man-machine interaction.
D)Develop a more sophisticated program.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations： keeping a moderate diet， engaging in regular exercise， etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(長壽)?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives?
A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing， more active and less neurotic (神經質的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory： those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly， however， other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined， for instance， were no more likely to live to be very old. Also， being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life， which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life， you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately， another recent study shows that your mother?s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28，000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious， depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we?re adults， which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isn?t destiny(命運)， and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn?t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.
A)to see whether people?s personality affects their life span
B)to find out if one?s lifestyle has any effect on their health
C)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life
D)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity
52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
A)They have a good understanding of evolution.
B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.
C)They generally appear more resourceful.
D)They are more likely to get over hardship.
53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A)Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.
C)Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?
A)Children?s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.
B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.
C)Mothers? influence on children may last longer than fathers?.
D)Mothers? negative personality characteristics may affect their children?s life spans.
55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?
A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one?s life span.
B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.
C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.
D)Health is in large part related to one?s lifestyle.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 2.
功夫(Kong Fu) 是中國武術(martial arts)的俗稱.中國武術的起源可以追溯到自衛的需要，狩獵活動以及古代中國的軍士訓練.它是中國傳統體育運動的一種，年輕人和老年人都練.它已逐漸演變成了中國文化的獨特元素.作為中國的國寶，武術有上百種不同的風格，是世界上練得最多的武術形式.有些風格模仿了動物的動作，還有一些則受到了中國哲學思想，神話和傳說的啟發
四級寫作：
第一版
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
第一段: 寫出寫信目的. (表達感謝)
第二段: 闡述感謝的原因.
第三段:再次表達感謝,并可表述希望有機會可以給對方回報.
Dear Mary,
I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help when I was in difficulty. You have been very kind and helpful since we knew each other.
Last week, I caught a bad cold and had to stay at home for a week. When I was worrying about the lessons, you came to my home after school and helped me with every subject. With your help, I didn?t fall behind others.
Again, thanks so much for your enthusiastic help. Even though you are to about to go abroad for further education I know that I will always stay in touch with you. I wish you every success in the future and I hope we can exchange more viewpoints on study.
Please keep in touch, and drop in and visit us whenever you are in this part of the world.
Very sincerely
Peter
第二版
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
第一段: 寫出寫信目的`. (表達感謝)
第二段: 闡述感謝的原因.
第三段:再次表達感謝,并可表述希望有機會可以給對方回報.
Dear sir,
I am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning English. You are one of the best teachers who I have ever met .There are many good points that I learn from you.
During these days in your class, I have acquired much knowledge from you and it really helps me a lot. Firstly, you let me know what the west thinking pattern is —straight thinking pattern. As an English learner, it is important for me to understand the difference between them. There is no denying the fact that this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners. What?s more, I?m glad to be your student, and I am very happy to learn the course under your guidance. English is an important tool, through which we can share our experience with the world. I treasure the chance of learning English, and I enjoy the happiness from your course.
The last not the least, please forgive those mistakes I have made which may upset you. What I have learned from you will help me pass the coming examinations and also be useful for my
further education in abroad. It is not only a progress of learning, but also a cultivation of my ability.
May everything go well around you.
Your student,
Li ling
第三版
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
第一段: 寫出寫信目的. (表達感謝)
第二段: 闡述感謝的原因.
第三段:再次表達感謝,并可表述希望有機會可以給對方回報.
Dear parents,
This letter is to tell you my true feelings from the bottom of my heart. Although we can keep in virtual touch every day, I still feel it not enough to let you know how much I love you and how much I?ve appreciated what you?ve done for me.
In the past 20 years, you have done a lot for me. Firstly, thank you so much for bringing me up. I know how hard you've being working in the past. I can imagine how many difficulties and obstacles you've conquered. Second, I want to thank you for your good education on me. There is an old saying goes like this “parents are the first teachers to their children”. Both of you are the typical ones. The most important thing that I want to say “thank you” is for your great admiration
on my own freedom. You told me to look over the horizons and to pursuit my own dreams without hesitation.
I really feel that my pen fails me when I am writing this thank you letter. The only thing I hope you can do for me is to take good care of yourselves and you will be always proud of me.
Yours beloved Son
四級翻譯(功夫)：
功夫(Kung Fu)是中國武術(martial arts)的俗稱.中國武術的起源可以追溯自衛的需要,狩獵活動以及古代中國的軍事訓練，它是中國傳統體育運動的一種.年輕人，老年人都練，它已逐漸演變成了中國文化的獨特元素，作為中國的國寶，功夫有上百種的風格，是世界上練得最多的藝術形式，有些風格模仿了動物的動作.還有一些則受到中國哲學思想，神話和傳說的啟發.
Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts, which dates back to the need of self-defense, hunting, and military drill in ancient China. It is one of China?s traditional sports, and all people, old and young, would participate in. It has gradually evolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture. As a national treasure of China, it has hundreds of styles. Meanwhile, it is also the most practiced art form in the world. Some styles imitate the movements of animals, while others are inspired by Chinese philosophy, myth and legend.
四級翻譯(木匠)：
在山東省濰坊市，風箏不僅僅是玩具，而且還是這座城市文化的標志.濰坊以“風箏之都”而聞名，已有將近2400年放飛風箏的歷史.傳說中國古代哲學家墨子用了三年時間在濰坊制作了世界上首個風箏，但放飛的第一天風箏就墜落并摔壞了，也有人相信風箏是中國古代木匠魯班發明的.據說他的風箏用木頭和竹子制作，飛了三天后才落地.
In Weifang, Shandong, kites are not only for entertainment. It also symbolizes the culture of the city. Weifang is known as the “capital of kites” with a history of nearly 2,400 years in flying kites. It is said that the ancient Chinese philosopher Motze took three years to make the first kite right in Weifang. It fell and
broke, however, on its first day of flying. Some also belives that it was the carpenter LuBan that fist invented the kite. It?s said that his kite was made of wood and bamboo and it landed after three days? flying.
四級翻譯(烏鎮)
烏鎮是浙江的一座古老水鎮，坐落在京杭大運河畔.這是一處迷人的地方，有許多古橋、中式旅店和餐館.在過去一千年里，烏鎮的水系和生活方式并未經歷多少變化，是一座展現古文明的博物館.烏鎮所有房屋都用石木建造.數百年來，當地人沿著河邊建起了住宅和集市.無數寬敞美麗的庭院藏身于屋舍之間，游客們每到一處都會有驚喜的發現.
Wuzhen, an ancient water town of Zhejiang province, is located near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is a charming place. Many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants dwell there. In the past one thousand years, the water system and the way of life there haven't changed much, so it is a museum of ancient civilizations. All rooms in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood. Over hundreds of years, the locals have built houses and markets along the riverbank. Numerous spacious and pretty courtyards hide in those houses, serving as surprises and waiting to be found by the tourists.
答案速查
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )
Section A 26—30 KDMOA 31—35 FHICB
Section B 36—40 IECDB 41—45 HGFAJ
Section C 46—50 DCACB 51—55 DAACB
大學英語四級真題及答案2
Part I Writing (25 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best
handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least
120 words but no more than 180 words.
題目解析：
一、 審題：四級寫作的第一步即讀懂題目要求。讀題目時我們需要在題干中去找“關鍵詞”。本次作文中讀完題目，建議同學們用筆勾畫出來五個關鍵詞，即五個要點，順序依次是“30 minutes”、“essay”、“how”、“the relationship between doctors and patients”、“write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words”其中關于考試時間和作文字數的要求每年都一致。接下來審題的重點：這次寫作要求我們寫一篇常見的議論文，并且去簡述如何處理醫生和病人的關系。讀完題目之后，我們了解到這次的寫作主題即“醫患關系(the relationship between doctors and patients)”。
二、 謀篇：四級寫作的第二步即布局三段結構，這次寫作中強調“如何處理醫患關系”，所以我們在第二段寫作時，可以從兩個維度出發—醫生和患者—去敘述如何正確處理兩個主體之間的關系。
三、 框架：全文分為三個段落。第一段為話題引出段(可結合情景作文第一段，先表明自己的觀點);第二段為原因分析段(主要從醫生/患者兩個方面進行原因論述);第三段為意義闡述段。
四、 填充：具體的范文如下，僅做參考。
寫作范文：
On the Relationship between Doctors and Patients
In the present age, it is generally acknowledged that the relationship between doctors and patients is playing indispensable roles in our lives. As far as I am concerned, we should balance this kind of relationship from two aspects, doctors and patients.
The causes of this perspective are multiple. In the first place, the reason has been cited as a major reason that doctors cannot be understood, for patients always maintain doctors can cure all kinds of disease. This is mainly due to the fACTthat although medical technology and science are advanced at an amazing rate, there exists a multitude of various kinds of diseases we cannot cure. Furthermore, the reason can contribute this perspective that patients are believed to be lack of the fundamental medical knowledge, which results in this relationship are worried. Plenty of evidence has shown that an increasing number of patients often go to extremes if their diseases cannot be cure instantly.
When it comes to our modern society, it is universally acknowledged that dealing with the relationship between doctors and patients in a reasonable way plays a vitally important role in our lives. Undoubtedly, if we spare no efforts to do so, our future will be hopeful and promising.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.
B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.
2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures.
B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media.
1.答案: B) Her little brother.
Q: Who did Edison raise money for?
解析: 新聞首句原則,了解大致內容是Edison賣檸檬水和畫畫為生病需要做心臟手術(surgery)的弟弟籌資。第一道題給考生來了個下馬威,難度系數比較高, 需要考生自己分類信息再聽取問題作答,這種題型稱為模棱兩可型題目,考察學生聽力和反應能力。A) Her friend Erika. 根據順序原則,A選項在新聞最后才出現且與問題不符，先不作考慮。C/D選項是Edison祖母猜測Edison偷聽到祖父的對話,從而得知弟弟生病,與問題無關,故排除。
2.答案: C) By selling lemonade and pictures.
Q: How did Edison raise money?
原文:She decided to go outside and have a lemonade stand, make some jewelries and pictures and sell them.
這道題難度中等,根據選項形式都是by, 可得知問題一定是問how,因此,可預先考慮應該緊抓文章中的 “方式”,再根據視聽一致原則即可得出答案。
原文：
A 9-year-old girl in New Mexico has raised more than $500 for her little brother who needs heart surgery in Houston Texas this July.Addison Witulski's grandmother Kim Allred said Addison probably overheard a converSATion between family members talking about the funds needed to get her little brother to treatment.
" I guess she overheard her grandfather and me talking about how we’re worried about how we’re going to get to Houston, for my grandson’s heart surgery,” said Allred. She decided to go outside and have a lemonade stand and make some drawings and pictures and sell them.”
That’s when Addison and her friends Erika and Emily Borden decided to sell lemonade for 50 cents a cup and sell pictures for 25 cents each.
Before Allred knew it, New Mexico State Police Officers were among the many, stopping by helping them reach a total of $568. The family turned to social media expressing their gratitude saying, “From the bottom of our hearts, we would like to deeply thank each and every person that stopped by!”
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.
B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles.
C) Providing clean energy to five million people.
D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.
4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.
B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.
C) They are only about half an inch thick.
D) They are made from cheap materials.
3.答案: C) Providing clean energy to five million people.
Q：What is the Francis’ purpose of constructing solar panels?
原文: Last week, France announced the country would pay 621miles of road with solar panels over the next five years with the goal of providing cheap, renewable energy to five million people. (法國將在五年內馬路上建造太陽能板,旨在為人們供應可生能源。)
解析: 這道題難度中等, 遵照試聽一致原則,同時注意答案前后一致。
4.B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.
Q: What is especial about the solar panels used in the walkway?
解析: 這道題有模棱兩可選項出現,即B/C。但是,C呈現的聽力內容只是介紹太陽能板的厚度;而B則是問題所問的特殊作用,因此,綜合問題,得出答案即B。其中,highway相對應同義替換的詞匯有: walkway, bypass等。
原文：
Last week, France announced that the country will pave 621 miles of road with solar panels over the next five years, with the goal of providing cheap, renewable energy to five million people.
Called “the Wattway,” the roads will be built through joint efforts with the French road-building company Colas and the National Institute of Solar Energy. The company spent the last five years developing solar panels that are only about a quarter of an inch thick and are strong enough to stand up to heavy highway traffic without breaking or making the roads more slippery. The panels are also designed so that they can be installed directly on top of existing roadways, making them relatively cheap and easy to install.
France isn’t the first country to kick around the idea of paving its roads with solar panels. In November 2015, the Netherlands completed a 229-foot-long bike path paved with solar panels as a test for future projects. However, this is the first time a panel has been designed to be laid directly on top of existing roads and the first project to install the panels on public highways.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.
B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.
6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.
B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.
C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.
D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.
7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.
B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.
5.答案:A) Endless fighting in the region. (視聽一致)
Q：What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts of Susan and Ethiopia?
原文：Continuous fighting in the region has made survey difficult.
解析: 這篇新聞研究者們證實非洲的獅子正在大范圍消失,并成立小組研究獅子的棲息地。這道題難度中等,通過視聽一致即可。
6. 答案：D. To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.
Q: What was the main purpose of the research?
解析：細節題。目的題，按照順序中段聽到了the discovery of the lost lions內容，以及catch images… / identify lions’tracks，確定答案。
7.答案：B. Lions’tracks.
Q: What did the researchers find in the national park?
解析：細節題。視聽一致原則，依據identify lions’tracks, 確定答案.
原文：
Lions have disappeared from much of Africa, but for the past few years scientists have wondered if the big cats were hanging on in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia. Continuous fighting in the region has made surveys difficult. But scientists released a report Monday documenting, with hard evidence, the discovery of "lost lions."
A team with Oxford University’s Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, supported by a charity organization, spent two nights in November camping in the National Park in northwest Ethiopia, on the Ethiopia-Sudan border. The researchers set out six camera traps capturing images of lions, and they identified lion tracks.
The scientists concluded that lions are also likely to live in the neighbouring National Park across the border in Sudan. The International Union for Conservation of Nature had previously considered the area a "possible range" for the species, and local people had reported seeing lions in the area, but no one presented convincing evidence.
Section B
Directions：In this section, you will hear two long converSATions. At the end of each converSATion, you will hear four questions. Both the converSATion and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the converSATion you have just heard.
8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.
B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.
9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas.
B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.
10. A) The gift her husband has bought.
B) The trip her husband has planned.
C) What has been troubling her husband.
D) What her husband and the man are up to.
11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.
B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband aGREes.
C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.
D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.
ConverSATion 1
8. 【答案】A. Her “lucky birthday”
【問題】What is the woman looking forward to?
【原文+解析】A golden or lucky birthday is when one turns the age of their birth date.一個黃金或幸運的生日是當一個人到達出生日期的年齡。
9. 【答案】D. Threw her a surprise party.
【問題】What did the woman’s parents do on her sister’s lucky birthday?
【原文+解析】 My parents did throw her a surprise party that year.那年我父母給她舉辦了一個驚喜派對。
10. 【答案】B. The trip her husband has planned.
【問題】What is the woman eager to find out about?
【原文+解析】I’m dying to know what kind of trip he has planned or way we are going.我很想知道他計劃了什么樣的旅行，或者我們打算去哪。
11. 【答案】C. He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.
【問題】What does the man say at the end of the converSATion?
【原文+解析】 I can’t wait to hear all about it when you get back.我等不及要聽到你回來的消息了。
原文：
M: I bet you're looking forward to the end of this month. Are you?
W: Yes, I am. How did you know?
M: David told me you had a special birthday coming up.
W: Oh…yeah that's right. This year will be my golden birthday.
M: What does that mean? I've never heard of a golden birthday.
W: I'veACTually just learnt this concept myself. Fortunately, just in time to celebrate. A golden or lucky birthday is when one turns the age of their birth date. So, for example, my sister's birthday is December 9th and her golden birthday would have been the year she turned nine years old. Come to think of it, my parents did throw her a surprise party that year.
M: Interesting. Too bad I missed mine. My golden birthday would've been four years ago. I assume you got big plans then.
W:ACTually yes. My husband is planning a surprise holiday for the two of us next week. I have no idea what he's got in mind, but I'm excited to find out. Has he mentioned anything to you?
M: He might have.
W: Anything you'd like to share? I'm dying to know what kind of trip he has planned on where we're going.
M: You know nothing at all?
W: Not a clue. Hard to imagine, isn’t it? Though I must say I think he's been having even more fun keeping the secret from me in the past few weeks.
M: I'm sure both of you will have a fantastic time. Happy golden birthday! I can't wait to hear all about it when you get back.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the converSATion you have just heard.
12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.
B) They see the importance of making compromises.
C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude.
D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.
13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises.
B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion.
14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly.
B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles.
15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy.
B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.
12. 【答案】A. They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.
【問題】What does the man say about good negotiators?
【原文+解析】 They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.他們對談判的動態很敏感。
13. 【答案】B. They know when to stop.
【問題】What does the man say maybe the most important thing to a successful negotiator?
【原文+解析】 And perhaps most importantly, they know when to stop.也許最重要的是，他們知道什么時候該停下來。
14. 【答案】C. They learn quickly.
【問題】How is a good negotiator different from a poor one?
【原文+解析】Good negotiators learn fast.好的談判者學得快。
15. 【答案】D. Get to know the other side.
【問題】What is the first stage of a negotiation according to a man?
【原文+解析】There are about six stages of a negotiation: get to know the other side談判大致有六個階段：了解對方。
原文：
W: Mr.GREen, what do you think makes a successful negotiator?
M: Well, that’s hard to define. But I think successful negotiators have several things in common. They are always polite and rational people. They are firm but flexible. They can recognize power and know how to use it. They are sensitive to the dynamics of the negotiation. The way of rises and falls and how it may change direction. They project the image of confidence, and perhaps most importantly, they know when to stop.
W: And, what about an unsuccessful negotiator?
M: Well, this is probably all of us when we start out. We are probably immature and over-trusting. Too emotional or agGREssive. We are unsure of ourselves and we want to be liked by everyone. Good negotiators learn fast. Poor negotiators remain like that and go on losing negotiations.
W: In your opinion, can the skills of negotiation be taught?
M: Well, you can teach someone how to prepare for a negotiation. There are perhaps six stages in every negotiation. Get to know the other side. State your goals. Start the process. Clarify areas of disaGREement or conflict. Reassess your position. Making acceptable compromises. And finally, reach some aGREement in principle. These stages can be studied. And strategies to be used in each can be planned beforehand. But I think, the really successful negotiator is probably born with six sense about responding appropriately to the situation at hand.
W: The artistic sense you’ve just described?
M: Yes. That’s right.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will
hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) When America's earliest space program started.
B) When the International Space Station was built.
C) How many space shuttle missions there will be.
D) How space research benefits people on Earth.
17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.
B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.
C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements.
D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.
18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.
B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s.
Passage 1
16.【答案】D) How space research benefits people on Earth.
【問題】What do some people want to know about space exploration?
【原文+解析】Some people wonder why countries spend millions of dollars on space projects. They want to know how space research helps people on Earth. 有些人想知道為什么國家在太空項目上花費了數百萬美元。他們想知道太空研究是如何幫助地球上的人們的。該句為段首句，運用題文同序和視聽一致確定答案為“D太空研究如何造福地球上的人們。”
17. 【答案】B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.
【問題】What did scientists do for the space shuttle missions?
【原文+解析】And in the space shuttle missions today, scientists developed objects for the astronauts to use on the moon, and in space. 在今天的航天飛行任務中，科學家們開發了宇航員在月球和太空中使用的物體。該句與答案“B他們開發了宇航員在外層空間使用的物體。”一致，所以答案選B。
18. 【答案】A) They are extremely accurate.
【問題】what does the speaker say about quartz crystal clocks and watches?
【原文+解析】For example, we have quartz crystal clocks and watches accurate to within one minute a year. 例如，我們有石英晶體鐘和手表可以精確到在一年中只有一分鐘之內的誤差。
原文：
Some people wonder why countries spend millions of dollars on space projects. They want to know how space research helps people on Earth. ACTually space technology helps people on Earth every day. This is called "spin-off technology."
Spin-off technology is space technology that is now used on Earth.
In early space programs, such as the Apollo missions of the 1960s and 1970s, and in the Space Shuttle missions today, scientists developed objects for the astronauts to use on the moon and in space. We now use some of these objects every day.
For example, we have Quartz crystal clocks and watches accurate to within one minute a year.We purify the water we drink with a water filter designed for the astronauts' use in space.
The cordless, hand-held tools we use in our homes, such as vacuum cleaners, flashlights, drills and saws came from the technology of these early space programs.
On cold winter days we can stay warm with battery-operated gloves and socks, and specially made coats and jackets. All of these clothes are similar to the spacesuit designs that kept astronauts comfortable in the temperatures of the moon, and are spin-offs from space technology.
These products are only a few examples of the many ways space technology helps us in our everyday lives. No one knows how new spin-off technology from the International Space Station will help us in the future.
21. 【答案】D) Doing needlework by the fire.
【問題】What would the speaker like doing if she could go back to the past?
【原文+解析】I love the colonial fabrics, or the silver work, the furnishings, the combination of elegance and simplicity, I love it. The printing, the books and very attached to all that kind of thing. That may not all be very entertaining in the modern sense of the world, but I would have enjoyed spending my evenings in that environment, discussing new ideas, building a new world, and I can see myself sitting on a small chair by a fire doing needlework. 我喜歡殖民地的布料，銀色的工作，家具，優雅和簡單的結合，我喜歡它。印刷品，書籍，非常依戀所有的東西。可能不是所有的東西都在現代意義上是非常有趣的，但我會喜歡在那樣的環境里度過我的晚上，討論新的想法，建立一個新的世界，我能看到自己坐在火旁做針線活的小凳子上。答案“D在火爐邊做針線活。”與原文最后一句一致，所以選擇D。
原文：
Well, if I could go back in history and live, I'd like to go back to the 18th century and perhaps in colonial America in Yankee, New England, where one of my ancestors lived, because it was the beginning of something.
By the 18th century, there was a feeling of community that had grown. My ancestor was a preacher, traveling around the countryside. People lived in small communities. There were fishermen and farmers who provided fresh food that tasted and looked like food, unlike that in today's supermarkets, and there were small towns, and New York wasn't that far away. I'm deeply attached to the Puritan tradition, not in a religious sense, but they believed in working for something, working for goals, and I like that.
They worked hard at whatever they did, but they had a sense of achievement. They believed in goodness in community and helping one another. I love the colonial fabrics, all the silver work, the furnishings, the combination of elegance and simplicity. I love it. The printing, the books, I'm very attached to all that kind of thing that may not all be very entertaining in the modern sense of the world. But I would have enjoyed spending my evenings in that environment, discussing new ideas, building a new world. And I can see myself sitting on a small chair by the fire doing needlework.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.
B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back.
23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it.
B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.
C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood.
D) You may end up entering a wonderland.
24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.
B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill.
25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather.
B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.
22. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.
What does the speaker advise you to do first if you are lost in the woods?
When you are lost, sit down on a log, or rock, or lean against a tree, and recite something you have memorized to bring your mind to a point where is under control.當你迷路的時候，坐在一塊木頭上，或者巖石上，或者靠在一棵樹上，背誦你記憶中的東西，把你的思想帶到被控制的地方。
23.【答案】B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.
【問題】What will happen if you follow an unknown stream in the woods?
【原文+解析】Streams normally flow through wetland, before they reach a lake or a river. Though there are more eatable plants, there may also be wild animals, poisonous snakes and other hazzards.
24. 【答案】D) Walk uphill.
【問題】What do many experts think is the wisest thing to do if you are lost in the woods?
【原文+解析】Many experts feel that it's wisest to walk uphill.許多專家認為走上坡路是最明智的。
25. 【答案】A) Inform somebody of your plan.
【問題】What should you do before you go into the woods?
【原文+解析】Anytime you're going into woods, somebody should know where you are going and when you are expected to return.任何時候你進入森林，都應該有人知道你要去哪里，什么時候你會回來。
原文：
If you are lost in the woods, a little knowledge can turn what some people call a hardship into an enjoyable stay away from the troubles of modern society. When you think you are lost, sit down on a log, or a rock, or lean against a tree, and recite something that you have memorized, to bring you mind to a point where it’s under control. Don’t run blindly. If you must move, don’t follow a stream unless you know it, and in that case, you are not lost. Streams, normally flow through wetland before they reach a lake or a river. Though there are more eatable plants, there may also be wild animals, poisonous snakes, and other hazards.Many experts feel that it’s wisest to walk uphill.At the top of most hills and mountains, are trails leading back to civilization. If there are no trails, you are much easier to be seen on top of a hill, and you may even spot a highway, or a railroad from this point. Nowadays, the first way someone will search for you is by air. In a wetland, or in dense growth, you are very hard to spot. Anytime you go into the woods, somebody should know where you are going, and when you expect to return.Also, when someone comes looking, you should be able to signal to them.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )
Section A
A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26Ksuperior skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.
Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 D nuisance, but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans.Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 M tip of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29 O visual memory.Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.
Rats are often 30 A associated with spreading disease rather than 31 F preventing it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 H sensitive.Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfACTory receptors(嗅覺感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 33 I slight smells. As a result, some are being put to work to detect TB(肺結核). When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 C indicate a sample is infected.
Traditionally, A hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 B examine, but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate - the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.
A) associated
B) examine
C) indicate
D) nuisance
E) peak
F) preventing
G) prohibiting
H) sensitiveI) slight
J) specify
K) superior
L) suspicious
M) tip
N) treated
O) visual
26. K superior 較好的，上等的，修飾skills
27. D nuisance根據and 前后內容，此處選擇令人討厭的東西
28. M tip 指尖，后文有手指。
29. O visual視覺的修飾記憶力，后文也有images.
30. A associated be associated with 和...相關
31. F preventing rather than 表示阻止，介詞后面用doing
32. H sensitive 敏感的根據后文意思它們很敏感選擇H。
33. I slight 輕微的，修飾后文的氣味。
34. C indicate 根據前文動作，此處是表明，暗示的'意思
35. B examine 檢測，檢驗，根據后文detection method此處選擇檢測。
Section B
36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.
答案：I
對應原文“Yes, my advanced age must fACTor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability to access the information as quickly.”
advanced age對應 elderly ;
inability 對應hard
37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.
答案：E
“Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work”risk 對應affect ;
performance原詞復現
38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.
答案：C
對應原文“David Eisenbach…He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups.”
believes 和 ultimately原詞復線。
“learn more and encourages”對應more helpful
39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.
答案：D
對應“He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. ”
cheating 原詞復現，“less chance”對應“ discouraged”
40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.
答案：B
對應“and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this…”
happy 對應excited;
take-home 對應do some exams at home
41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult than they ACTually are.
答案：H
對應原文“There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. ”
“wait until the last minute”對應“put off their work until the last month”
“make it much harder than it needs to be”對于 “find the exams more difficult than they ACTually are.”
42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.
答案：G
對應原文“Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty.”
preferences對應 prefer;
vary對應different
43. Most professors aGREe whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type ofcourse being taught.
答案：F
對應原文 “Most college professors aGREe the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. ”
Most college professors 和aGREe 和depends on原詞復現;
the kind of 對應the type of
course 對應subject.
44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.
答案：A
“So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the deGREe I left undone some four decades ago.”
left undone 對應dropped out of
four decades ago 對應forty years ago
45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.
答案：J
對應“I like in-class exams because the time is already reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test”
“free time” 原詞重現
“using ”對應“eat up”
Section C
Passage One
46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?
答案：D) In what way it can be beneficial.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為first-night effect，researchers, puzzling。據此定位到第二段第二句“The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it”，句子大意為：(研究者的)困惑是將會從中獲得什么利益、好處。可見，D選項為正確答案，“beneficial”是對原文中“benefit”的同義替換。A選項借第一段第一句“trouble sleeping”干擾，該句是first-night effect的定義，且不在定位范圍內;B選項借第二段第一句“how human evolved”干擾，不是puzzle的內容;C選項借第三段第一句的“the surrounding environment”干擾，是實驗相關內容，不在定位范圍內。
47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?
答案：C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins
此題為推理題。題干關鍵詞為Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research，因關鍵詞為全文話題，定位價值不大，所以可用反證法通過選項關鍵詞來定位，選項共同的關鍵詞為birds and dolphins。據此定位到第二段第三句“She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins…”，句子大意為她可從之前對鳥類和海豚的研究中得出一些成果，這讓她想研究人是否也會做同樣的事。可見，C選項為正確答案，是對原文的同義替換。A選項的錯誤在于asleep(熟睡的)與原文“put half of their brains to sleep”(半睡的狀態)，意思不符;BD選項的錯誤在于“sleeping way”和“sleeping pattern”表述不夠具體、清楚。
48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?
A) She monitored the brain ACTivity of participants sleeping in a new environment.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為Dr. Sasaki, first experiment, do(做法)。“first experiment”在原文中沒有原詞復現，但根據句意，可知定位處在第二段第四句“this led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing”后。根據后面原文 “The participants … monitored with techniques that looked at the ACTivity of their brains. ”可知，A選項為正確答案。B選項將原文的“35 healthy people”和“Department of Psychological Sciences”雜糅; C選項的錯誤在于原文并沒有分析大腦的兩半的區別;D選項是研究的目的，而非實驗中的做法，答非所問。
49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?
答案：C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為Dr. Sasaki和re-runing her experiment。據此定位到第三段第一句話后半段“while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps of the same and irreugular beeps of a different tone” , C選項是對該句的概括，符合文意。A選項的錯誤在于干擾睡眠的是irregular beeps, 而非irregular tones; B選項的錯誤在于沒有提及記錄實驗參與者對變化環境的適應;D選項的錯誤在于原文未提及不同的實驗參與者。
50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?
答案：B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為Dr. Sasaki, the participants, find(研究結果)。據此定位到“she worked out that…”后，根據“it would reACT to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep”可知不規律的蜂鳴聲會擾亂睡眠，B選項符合文意。A選項的錯誤在于原文并沒有說tones對睡眠有影響;C選項的錯誤在于sleepy(困乏的)，無中生有;D選項的錯誤在于原文并未提及不同的人對不規律的音調的容忍度不同。
Passage Two
51. What does the author say is the problem with women?
答案：D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為problem, women。據此定位到第一段第一、二句，“being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life”,該句大意為“女性為家庭、為工作過度付出將不會使她們過上想要的生活”，D選項符合文意。A選項的錯誤在于原文并沒有說女性不清楚自己的職業目標;B選項的錯誤在于原文并沒有將女性對家庭和對工作的付出做比較;C選項的錯誤在于over-optimistic(過度樂觀)無中生有。
52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?
答案： A) They struggle to SATisfy the demands of both work and home.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為working women of child-bearing age, feel drained of energy, why(原因)。據此定位到第三段第二句“one reason women may feel exhausted is that…”后，根據“women want to be able to do it all…”，可知，A選項符合文意，女性努力滿足工作和家庭需求。B選項只強調過分投入工作，以偏概全;C選項的錯誤在于借第三段liked by their colleagues干擾，但與同事合作原文并未提及;D選項，過度推理，文中并沒有說女性的責任太多。
53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?
答案：A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為future prospect, career women, hinder(阻礙因素)。據此定位到第三段第二句，“Unfortunately，this inability to say “no” may be hurting women’s health as well as their career. A選項符合文意。BCD原文未提及。
54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.
答案：C) men tend to put their personal interests first
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為men and women, approach to resolving workplace conflicts, in that(原因)。據此定位到第五段第三句“Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most”，據此選擇C選項, 男人傾向于以個人利益為先。ABD無中生有。
55. What is important to a good leader?
答案：B) The ability to delegate.
此題為細節題。題干關鍵詞為a good leader, important。據此定位到最后一段第二句“Leaders have to be able to delegate…”，可知，B選項符合文意。ACD原文未提及。
Part Ⅳ Translation
華山位于華陰市，據西安120公里。華山是秦嶺的一部分，秦嶺不僅分割陜南與陜北，也分隔華南與華北。與從前人們常去朝拜的泰山不同，華山過去很少有人光臨，因為上山的道路極其危險。然而，希望長壽大人卻經常上山，因為山上生長著許多草藥，特別是一些稀有的草藥。自上世紀90年代安裝纜車以來，參觀人數大大增加。
Located in Huayin City, Mount Hua is 120 kilometers away from Xi’an. Mount Hua is a part of Qinling Mountains, which not only separates the southern and northern parts of Shaanxi but also the South and North China. Unlike Taishan Mountain, where people often go to worship, there used to be few people going to Mount Hua as the roads to the mountains are extremely dangerous. However, people who wish to live longer often climb mountains as there are many herbs on them, especially some rare ones. Since cable cars were installed in the 1990s, the number of visitors has increased dramatically.
乍一看，這篇翻譯有點難，其實里面很多單詞在以前的真題中都出現過。比如說，華南(South China)，華北(North China).，稀有的藥草(rare herbs)，某地位于什么地方(be located in)等等。
第一句：華山位于華陰市，距西安120公里。Located in Huayin City, Mount Hua is 120 kilometers away from Xi’an.
第二句：華山是秦嶺的一部分，秦嶺不僅分隔陜南與陜北，也分隔華南與華北。Mount Hua is a part of Qinling Mountains, which not only separates the southern and northern parts of Shaanxi but also the South and North China.秦嶺直接譯為Qinling Mountains，陜南與陜北就是指陜西的南部和北部the southern and northern parts of Shaanxi
第三句：與從前人們常去朝拜的泰山不同，華山過去很少有人光臨，因為上山的道路極其危險。Unlike Taishan Mountain, where people often go to worship, there used to be few people going to Mount Hua as the roads to the mountains are extremely dangerous.
第四句：然而，希望長壽的人去經常上山，因為山上生長著許多藥草，特別是一些稀有的藥草。However, people who wish to live longer often climb mountains as there are many herbs on them, especially some rare ones.
第五句：自上世紀90年代安裝纜車以來，參加人數大大增加。
Since cable cars were installed in the 1990s, the number of visitors has increased dramatically.
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