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2016年英語四級仔細閱讀模擬試題
下面是小編整理的四級閱讀理解仔細閱讀模擬試題，提供給大家參考。
2016年英語四級閱讀理解仔細閱讀模擬試題(一)
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ),B., C.and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
People's tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left,and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort; the fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously.
Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature. In the national parks especially, modern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counties, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path,lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance waller and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling disturbed by large numbers of their fellows.
Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyone's benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by ( 英國的路旁停車帶 ). A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having to wall a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic.
56. In Britain it is very risky to __________.
A.go with a single railway ticket
B.listen to pop-music at the festival
C. sleep in the open
D.pack together in crowds
57. At the end of the festival, many young fans__________.
A.were arrested by the police
B.had spent most of their money
C.were sleeping out
D.became quite penniless
58. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large__________.
A.tracks through the open country
B.areas of country without soil
C.areas of countryside not developed
D.expanses of land where nobody works
59. Public pathways are created for people to__________.
A.commute to work
B.enjoy long-distance walking
C. wall to maritime counties
D.visit the historic or scenic sites
60. Family groups nowadays like to__________.
A.have meals out of doors by the road-side
B.go for a walk away from home
C.drive out past the beautiful places
D.hear and smell the animals
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.
For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have eactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else--he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish. "I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned. " Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: "This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on. "
Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way.
Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only"having a look around". She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the look-out for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps,before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. So most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.
61. When a man is buying clothes, __________.
A.he chooses things that others recormnend
B.he buys cheap things, regardless of quality
C.he buys good things, so long as they are not too expensive
D. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things
62. In commerce a good salesman is one who__________.
A.sells something a customer does not particularly want
B.always has in stock the thing the customer wants
C.can find out quickly the goods required
D.does not waste his time on difficult customers
63. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what he wants?
A.He buys something that is similar enough to the ideal one.
B.He usually does not buy anything.
C.At least two of his reqnirements must be met before he buys.
D.So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.
64. According to this passage, when shopping for clothes, women__________.
A.often buy things without thinking
B.seldom buy cheap clothes
C.welcome suggestions from anyone
D.never take any advice
65. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers'?
A.The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.
B.Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.
C.Women stand up while shopping, but men sit down.
D. The time they take over buying clothes.
Passage One
【參考譯文】
人們對于休閑娛樂的品位大相徑庭。在英國懷特島最近舉辦的一次流行音樂節上，青少年們成群結隊地去聽他們最喜愛的歌手和音樂家演唱。[56]他們只買得起去音樂節的單程火車票，甚至不惜露宿街頭，在英國那種氣候條件下，即便是在八月份，他們的這種行為也是非常危險的。他們像沙丁魚一樣在音樂節上擠了四天。音樂節現場有數不清的盜賊，一伙暴徒幾次三番試圖搗亂，而且到處都是警察。[57]音樂節結束后，許多年輕歌迷發現自己身無分文，想要回家都很困難。大多數人都會認為這種情形簡直像噩夢一樣叫人不爽，但是歌迷們似乎仍樂在其中。
[58]即便是在英國這樣擁擠的國家，也有一大片一大片未遭破壞的鄉村地區，在那里，有著更多傳統品位的人們可以尋求安靜以及他們在同大自然接觸過程中產生的自由感。特別是在國家級公園所在的地區，房產和工業的現代發展受到嚴格限制。游客可以步行幾英里，游覽極度迷人而又十分原始的風景，以及大量歷史和科學景點。[59]一些海濱縣城修建了公路;這些公路沿著懸崖峭壁一直延伸，而這些峭壁則緊挨著大西洋或英吉利海峽。在內陸還有另一條公路，沿國北部的山脈修成，被稱作奔寧公路。在這里，遠途旅行者和熱愛大自然的人能夠收獲不少樂趣一而不會有被大批其他游人打攪的感覺。
國家級公園是為造福公眾而修建的，然而，很少有人能夠充分利用這一資源。[60]現下最為常見的事情就是，全家人一起開車去一個美麗的景點，將車停在路邊的停車帶。他們全生野餐籃、折疊式桌椅、一把水壺和一臺便攜式火爐，然后在自己車的附近安頓下來，開始一頓野餐。顯然，他們對娛樂的觀點是呼吸新鮮空氣，身處鄉間，不用行走一步就能欣賞美景，聽聞鄉村之聲。他們似乎很喜歡用耳朵和鼻子去感受鄉問的車馬交通。
56.C
定位：根據題干信息詞risky可將答案定位到第一段第三句。
解析：該句提到：“他們(青少年們)只買得起去音樂節的單程火車票，甚至不惜露宿街頭，在英國那種氣候條件下，即便是在八月份，他們的這種行為也是非常危險的。”故選C。
57.D
定位：根據題干信息atthe end ofthefestival可將答案定位到第一段倒數第二句。
解析：該句提到：“音樂節結束后，許多年輕歌迷發現自己身無分文，想要回家都很困難。”故選D。became quite penniless即意為“身無分文”，是對broke和with no money left的同義轉述。
58.C
定位：根據題干信息even in the overcrowded United Kingdom可將答案定位到第二段第一句。
解析：原文提到：“Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open Hrl—spoilt country…(即便是在英國這樣擁擠的國家，也有一大片一大片未遭破壞的鄉村地區……)”選項C中的not developed是原文中tin.spoilt的同義轉述，故為正確答案。
59.B
定位：根據題干信息public pathways可將答案定位到第二段第四句。
解析：原文提到，一些海濱縣城修建了公路，在內陸，沿英國北部的山脈也有一條公路。遠途旅行者和熱愛大自然的人能夠收獲不少樂趣，而且不會有被大批其他游人打攪的感覺。可見，開辟公路就是為了讓人們能夠享受遠足，享受自然，故選B。
60.A
定位：根據題干信息family groups nowadays可將答案定位到第三段第二句。
解析：原文提到，現下最為常見的事情就是，全家人一起開車去一個美麗的景點，將車停在路邊的停車帶。然后他們就拿出準備好的各種工具和食物在自己的汽車旁野餐，故選A。
Passage Two
【參考譯文】
買衣服對男人和女人來說是不同的經歷。[61]男人去購物是因為他需要某些東西。他的目的是既定的，而且提前就做好了決定。他知道自己需要什么，而他的目的就是找到那個東西并買下來，價格倒在其次。[65]男人都是直接走進商店，詢問店員自己想要買的東西。如果店里有貨，銷售員能及時找到，而且馬上就能試穿或試用，這一切順利的話，整個交易一般在五分鐘之內就可以完成。雖然幾乎沒什么言語交談，但是買賣雙方各自都滿意。
[62]對于男人來說，如果商店沒有他想買的東西或者羞不完全符合他心里的條件，可能會引發一些小問題。在那種情況下，導購就要像自己的職業名稱(導“購”)所暗示的那樣，嘗試賣給顧客別的東西：他把跟顧客要求最接近的東西推薦給他。優秀的導購都不會貿然向顧客推薦替代品，他會花一番心思和技巧。比如，他會說：“先生，我知道這件上衣不是您想要的樣式，但您能否試一下，看看大小合不合適。它的顏色剛好符合您的要求。”[63]對于這種情況，男人很少會買賬，他們一般都會說：“也許衣服的顏色和大小都合適，但要是讓我試穿的話：既浪費了你的時間，也浪費了我的。”
現在來看一下女人買衣服的過程是怎樣的呢?每個環節差不多都和男人相反。女人購物通常都不是因為有什么需求。她從來都沒完全決定自己想要買什么，只是“四處看看”。[64]女人總是肯聽他人的勸說，她重視女店員的話，甚至是同伴的話。她會什么都試窒一下。在她內心深處，她要找的衣服，是所查人都認為適合她的。與很多笑話里講的不同，很多女人在買衣服的時候還是精打細算的。她們總是在尋找意外的超值商品。[65]面對一屋子衣服，她們也許很容易就花上一個小時，一排排瀏覽，來來回回樂此不疲;她們會不時地折返腳步，直到發現自己想試穿的衣服。這是個累人的過程，但是很顯然，她們很享受這個過程。因此大部分服裝店都為那些等待的丈夫提供座椅。
【答案解析】
61.D
定位：根據題干信息when a man is buying clothes可將答案定位到文章前兩段。
解析：第一段中提到：“男人去購物是因為他需要某些東西。他的目的是既定的，而且提前就做好了決定。他知道自己需要什么，而他的目的就是找到那個東西并買下來，價格倒在其次。”可見，男士不怎么會考慮價格，故選D。
62.A
定位：根據題干信息agood salesman可將答案定位到第二段第二句。
解析：第二段開頭提到：“對于男人來說，如果商店沒有他想買的東西或者并不完全符合他心里的條件，可能會引發一些小問題。在那種情況下，導購就要像自己的職業名稱(導‘購’)所暗示的那樣，嘗試賣給顧客別的東西：他把跟顧客要求最接近的東西推薦給他。”可見，一名優秀的導購是能成功將其他東西推銷給顧客的，故選A。
63.B
定位：根據題干信息cannot get exactly what he wants可將答案定位到第二段第一句。
解析：第二段描述的是如果商店沒有與男人想象的完全一樣的商品時，會出現什么情況。題干的重點在于男人的反應，因此尋讀到第二段結尾處，此處作者提到：“對于這種情況，男人很少會買賬，他們一般都會說：‘也許衣服的顏色和大小都合適，但要是讓我試穿的話，既浪費了你的時間，也浪費了我的。”’可見，在這種情況下，男人一般是什么都不會買的，故選B。
64.C
定位：根據題干信息when shopping for clothes，women可將答案定位到第三段。
解析：第三段中提到：“女人總是肯聽他人的勸說，她重視女店員的話，甚至是同伴的話。她會什么都試穿一下。在她內心深處，她要找的衣服，是所有人都認為適合她的。”可見，女士很容易聽取他人的建議.故C項為正確答案，
65.D
定位：根據題干信息the most obvious difference between men and women可知解答本題需通觀全文，但由于涉及女性的購物特點，因此可到第三段尋找線索。
解析：在講男人買衣服的情況時，作者提到：“如果店里有貨，銷售員能及時找到，而且馬上就能試穿或試用.這一切順利的話，整個交易一般在五分鐘之內就可以完成。”在講女人買衣服的情況時，作者提到：“面對一屋子衣服，她們也許很容易就花上一個小時，一排排瀏覽，來來回回樂此不疲;她們會不時地折返腳步，直到發現自己想試穿的衣服。”因此，男人與女人在買衣服問題上最主要的區別就很明顯了，故本題應選D。
2016年英語四級閱讀理解仔細閱讀模擬試題(二)
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A.,B., C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Fried foods have long been frowned upon. Nevertheless, the skillet (長柄平底煎鍋) is about our handiest and most useful piece of kitchen equipment. Strong woodcutters and others engaged in active labor requiring 4,000calories per day or more will take approximately one-third of their rations prepared in this fashion. Meat, eggs, and French toast cooked in this way are served in millions of homes daily. Apparently the consumers are not beset with more signs of indigestion than afflicted by those who insist upon broiling, roasting, or boiling. Some years ago one of our most eminent physiologists investigated the digestibility of fried potatoes. He found that the pan variety was more easily broken down for assimilation than when deep fat was employed. The latter, however, dissolved within the alimentary tract ( 消化道 ) more readily than the boiled type. Furthermore, he learned, by watching the progress of the contents of the stomach by means of the fluoroscope (熒光檢查儀), that fat actually accelerated the rate of digestion. Now all this is quite in contrast with "authority". Volumes have been written on nutrition, and everywhere the dictum ( 權威意見) has been accepted--no fried edibles of any sort for children. A few will go so tar as to forbid this style of cooking wholly. Now and then an expert will be bold enough to admit that he uses them himself, the absence of discomfort being explained on the ground that he possesses a powerful gastric ( 胃的 )apparatus. We can of course sizzle perfectly good articles to death so that they will be leathery and tough. But thorough heating, in the presence of shortening, is not the awful crime that it has been labeled. Such dishes stimulate rather than retard contractions of the gall bladder. Thus it is that bile ( 膽汁 ) mixes with the nutriment shortly after it leaves the stomach.
We don't need to allow our foodstuffs to become oil soaked, but other than that, there seems to be no basis for the widely heralded prohibition against this method. But notions become fixed. The first condemnation probably rose because an "oracle" ( 圣賢) suffered from dyspepsia (消化不良) which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu. The theory spread. Others agreed with him, and after a time the doctrine became incorporated in our textbooks. The belief is now tradition rather than proved fact. It should have been refuted long since, as experience has demonstrated its falsity.
56. This passage focuses on__________.
A. why the skillet is a handy piece of kitchen equipment
B. the digestibility of fried foods
C. how the experts can mislead the public in the area of food preparation
D. why fried foods have long been frowned upon
57. People engaged in active labor eat fried foods because __________.
A. they are healthful
B. they are much cheaper
C. they can be easily digested
D. they can provide the calories the workers need
58. The author implies that the public should__________.
A. prepare some foods by frying
B. avoid fried foods if possible
C. fry foods for adults but not for children
D. prepare all foods by frying
59. When the author says that "an 'oracle' suffered from dyspepsia which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu" he is being__________.
A. grateful
B. factual
C. sarcastic
D. humorous
60. The passage was probably taken from__________.
A. a medical journal
B. a publication addressed to the general public
C. a speech at a medical convention
D. an advertisement for cooking oil
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South ( 發展中國家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.
But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.
In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientistsand technicians to return to Latin America.
In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate ( 移居國外的 ) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain (人才流失) fromthese countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.
61. Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?
A. The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.
B. The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.
C. Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.
D. The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.
62. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the developing countries are losing their brain power?
A. Many professionals did not feel comfortable in their home countries after they returned home.
B. "Temporary return" programs encouraged professionals to work in their home countries for short periods.
C. The new laws of the international market encourage knowledge transfer.
D. The professionals from the developing countries have been trained in fields where they could not apply their knowledge to the best advantage in their home countries.
63. In the author's opinion, the developing countries should __________.
A. keep their present administrative procedures so as to ensure that their students return after graduation
B. cooperate more effectively with international organizations
C. set up more return programs under the guidance of the UN
D. send students abroad in the fields where their knowledge is more likely to be made full use of in their own countries
64. According to the passage, the problem of the developing countries will continue__________.
A. as long as the developed countries need more qualified professionals than they can educate domestically
B. as long as the developing countries are content with their present institutional structures
C. unless those countries stop sending large number of students to be trained abroad
D. if theh governments fail to make administrative adjustments concerning the return procedures of their professionals
65. The best title for the passage is__________.
A. The Brain Drain of the Developing Countries
B. Knowledge Transfer
C. The Talents from the Developing Countries
D. The Failure of Development Programs
【參考譯文】
很長時間以來，人們都不喜歡油炸食品。然而，長柄平底煎鍋基本上是我們廚房里最方便、最有用的廚具。
[57]健壯的伐木工人以及其他從事體力勞動的人員，每天需要4000卡路里或者更多的熱量，他們吃的食物中的有三分之一是用這種煎鍋來烹飪的。用煎鍋烹制的肉、蛋和法式土司每天都會出現在千百萬人家的餐桌上。很明顯，困擾這些食用者的不是消化不良的跡象越來越多，而是那些堅持只用烘、烤、煮的方法烹飪的人對他們的折磨。數年前，一位非常著名的生理學家研究了油炸薯條的可消化性。他發現，用平底鍋烹制食物時，不用油炸要比油炸的更容易被吸收。汪是，比起蒸煮過的食物，經過油炸的食物更容易在消化道里分解。并且，當通過熒光檢查儀觀察胃里食物的消化過程時他還發現，實際上脂肪可加快消化的速度。而現在這些發現都與“權威”說法相悖、營養方面的書籍汗牛充棟，其中油炸食品有害的權威說法隨處可見——孩子絕對不能吃任何油炸食物。一些書籍甚至完全禁止使用煎炸這種烹飪方式。時不時還會有某位專家大膽地指出自己進行了親身試驗，但他吃了油炸食物身體卻安然無恙的原因在于自己的胃功能強大。當然，我們可以重復閱讀這些好文章.直到感覺味同嚼蠟、無聊透頂。但是(油炸)這種含有起酥油的徹底加熱的方式，并不像之前人們所定義的那樣糟糕。這樣的食物不僅不會阻礙膽囊收縮，反而會刺激其收縮。這樣，這些膽汁就能在營養物從胃里流出之后迅速與其混合。
[58]我們沒有必要讓我們的食品浸在油里，但與此相反：油炸食品這個方法被廣泛禁止好像也沒有什么依據。但是這一觀念卻根深蒂固。
[59]人們最初對油炸食品的非難，可能源自某位“圣賢”，這位前輩偶爾消化不良就認定是吃了菜單上某些油炸食品的結果。于是他的這種論調傳播開來。不少人贊同他的觀點，后來人們就把這種信條寫入教科書了。現在，這種信條是一種傳統的定義，而不是經過驗證的事實，這種信條早就該被推翻了，因為實踐已經證明了它的荒謬。
【答案解析】
56.B定位：根據題干信息this passage focuses on可知解答本題需通觀全文。解析：整篇文章談論的主題是油炸食品是否易于消化。第一段提到：人們一直不喜歡油炸食品，因為據說這種食品不好消化，但科學家卻發現，經過油炸的食物更容易在消化道里分解。第二段提到：人們反對油炸食品，說其會引起消化不良，是因為這種說法已經成為傳統，但它卻并非被證明了的事實，而實踐已經證明了它的荒謬。綜上所述，這篇文章的主題就是me digestibility of tried foods。故選B。
57.D定位：根據題干信息people engaged in active labor可將答案定位到第一段第三句。解析：該句提到：“健壯的伐木工人以及其他從事體力勞動的人員，每天需要4000卡路里或者更多的熱量，他們吃的食物中約有三分之一是用這種煎鍋來烹飪的。”由此可知，從事體力勞動的人員需要吃油炸食物是因為這類食物能提供足夠的熱量。故選D。
58.A定位：根據題干信息implies that the public should可將答案定位到第二段第一句。解析：題干問作者對公眾烹飪食品有何建議，作者在第一段提到，據實驗證明，油炸食品非但不會導致消化不良，而且還比較容易消化。第二段開頭處又提到：“我們沒有必要讓我們的食品浸在油里，但與此相反，油炸食品這個方法被廣泛禁止好像也沒有什么依據。”可見，作者的觀點是人們是可以食用一些油炸食品的。故選A。
59.C定位：根據題干信息an“oracle”suffered from dyspepsia which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu可將答案定位到第二段第二句。解析：題干中的引文選自第二段中間處，作者提到：“人們最初對油炸食品的非難，可能源自某位。圣賢’，這位前輩偶爾消化不良就認定是吃了菜單上某些油炸食品的結果。于是他的這種論調傳播開來”作者的諷刺語氣躍然紙上。加之oracle本身就在引號里，更足以證明其諷刺性。故選C。
60.B定位：根據題于信息taken from可知解答本題需通觀全文。解析：題干問這篇文章的出處。從文章內容和風格來看，應該是節選自一本大眾科普讀物，它既不像醫學雜志、會議發言文章那樣嚴謹，也不像廣告那樣以產品為核心。因此正確答案為B項。
2016年英語四級閱讀理解仔細閱讀模擬試題(三)
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ),B., C. andD. . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanent access to his or hcr own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?
Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.
Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their own pace.
Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far
more quickly than they could without the use of computer.
Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts. marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.
It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A versatile tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.
56. The word "literacy" (Line 1, Paragraph 1) means__________.
A. the ability to read and write
B. the ability to use
C. literature
D. the knowledge of language
57. The main purpose of this passage is to __________.
A. persuade the educators to increase computer use in their own classroom
B. analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use among college students
C. identify some of the ways that computers benefit college students
D. describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages
58. According to the author, a word processor can be used to __________.
A. revise papers
B. retype papers
C. reduce the psychological burden of writing papers
D. improve the writing skills of a student
59. In this passage, the writer's argument is developed primarily through the use of __________.
A. cause-effect analysis
B. comparison and contrast
C. induction
D. examples
60. According to the author, the reason for students to go to college is__________.
A. to learn something
B. to perfect themselves
C. to improve computer skills
D. to make the best use of computers
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Language is, and should be, a living thing, constantly enriched with new words and forms of expression. But there is a vital distinction between good developments, which add to the language, enabling us to say things we could not say before, and bad developments, which subtract from the language by rendering it less precise. A vivacious, colorful use of words is not to be confused with mere slovenliness. The kind of slovenliness in which some professionals deliberately indulge is perhaps akin to the cult (迷信) of the unfinished work, which has eroded most of the arts in our time. And the true answer to it is the same that art is enhanced, not hindered, by discipline. You cannot carve satisfactorily in butter.
The corruption of written English has been accompanied by an even sharper decline in the standard of spoken English. We speak very much less well than was common among educated Englishmen a generation or two ago.
The modem theatre has played a baneful (有害的) part in dimming our appreciation of language. Instead of the immensely articulate dialogue of, for example, Shaw (who was also very insistent on good pronunciation),audiences are now subjected to streams of barely literate trivia, often designed, only too well, to exhibit 'lack of communication', and larded (夾雜) with the obscenities (下流的話) and grammatical errors of the intellectually impoverished. Emily Post once advised her readers: "The theatre is the best possible place to hear correctly-enunciated speech. " Alas, no more. One young actress was recently reported to be taking lessons in how to speak badly, so that she should fit in better.
But the BBC is the worst traitor. After years of very successfully helping to raise the general standard of spoken English, it suddenly went into reverse. As the head of the Pronunciation Unit coyly (含蓄地) put it, "In the 1960s the BBC opened the field to a much wider range of speakers." To hear a BBC disc jockey talking to the latest ape-like pop idol is a truly shocking experience of verbal squalor. And the prospect seems to be of even worse to come. School teachers are actively encouraged to ignore little Johnny's incoherent grammar, atrocious spelling and haphazard punctuation, because worrying about such things might inhibit his creative genius.
61. The writer relates linguistic slovenliness to tendencies in the arts today in that they both __________.
A. occasionally aim at a certain fluidity
B. appear to shun perfection
C. from time to time show regard for the finishing touch
D. make use of economical short cuts
62. "Art is enhanced, not hindered, by discipline" (Lines 6～7, Paragraph 1 ) means __________.
A. an artist's work will be finer if he observes certain aesthetic standards
B. an unfinished work is bound to be comparatively inferior
C. the skill of certain artists conceals their slovenliness
D. artistic expression is inhibited by too many roles
63. Many modem plays, the author finds, frequently contain speech which__________.
A. is incoherent and linguistically objectionable
B. is far too ungrammatical for most people to follow
C. unintentionally shocks the audience
D. tries to hide the author's intellectual inadequacies
64. The author says that the standard of the spoken English of BBC__________.
A. is the worst among all broadcasting networks
B. has raised English-speaking up to a new level
C. has taken a turn for the worse since the 1960s
D. is terrible because of a few popular disc jockeys
65. Teachers are likely to overlook the linguistic lapses in their pupils since__________.
A. they find that children no longer respond to this kind of discipline nowadays
B. they fear the children may become less coherent
C. more importance is now attached to oral expression
D. the children may be discouraged from expressing their ideas
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