2017英語四級語法講義

　　有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞+介詞”，“動詞+副詞”等，也可以用于被動結構，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。以下是小編為大家搜索整理了2017英語四級語法講義，希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!

　　【例如】

　　The meeting is to be put off till Friday. Women were looked down upon in the past in China. The out of date teaching method must be done away with. Don't worry, everything will be attended to in good time. The poor child was laughed at by his classmates because he failed his exams. The children are taken good care of by the teacher.

　　這類可用被動語態的“動詞+介詞/副詞”詞組還有：depend on, make use of, bring about, put forward, send for, talk about, bring up, put on, think over, call off等。

　　“be+過去分詞”這個結構并不都是被動語態，也可能是系表結構。被動語態與系表結構主要區別是：被動結構表示一個動作，而系表結構表示主語的特點或所處的狀態，試比較下面的句子：

　　被動結構

　　The enemy was soon surrounded by us.

　　系表結構

　　The house is surrounded by trees.

　　被動結構

　　She was bitten by the dog in the darkness.

　　系表結構

　　I was excited by the news that my husband got promoted.非謂語動詞的各種形式也有被動語態，一般常用的是一般體和完成體的被動語態，如下表：

　　非謂語動詞

　　被動語態形式

　　一般

　　不定式

　　to be done

　　動名詞

　　being done

　　現在分詞

　　being done

　　完成

　　不定式

　　to have been done

　　動名詞

　　having been done

　　現在分詞

　　having been done

　　例如:

　　It is a great honor for him to have been elected a model worker. (不定式完成體的被動語態)This new teaching method has the advantage ofshavingsbeen tried a number of times by experienced teachers. (動名詞完成體的被動語態)

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