初三定語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)法
定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose、which、what、as和關(guān)系副詞where、when、why等引導(dǎo)，但須記住：
1.what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.
2.關(guān)系詞的分析須考慮它在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分。
一.指人的關(guān)系代詞有who、whose、whom、that. 試分析：
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）注：
A． 指人時(shí)有時(shí)只用who不宜用that。
1．先行詞為one、ones或anyone
（1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
（2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2．先行詞為these時(shí)
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
3．在there be 開(kāi)頭的'句子中
There is a student who wants to see you.
4．一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞是that，另一個(gè)宜用who，以免重復(fù)。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
5．在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中
A．I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.
B．主句以who開(kāi)頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二．指物的關(guān)系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that. 試分析：
1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
注：
A. 介詞如果位于作為其賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.
(1). The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.
(2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.
B. 部分短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞不可與動(dòng)詞拆開(kāi)，在定語(yǔ)從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動(dòng)詞之后。
Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.
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