二主語主語是一個句子所敘述的主體一般位于句首，作形式主語真正的主語為后面的不定式，一指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分，二指出下列句中主語的中心詞。
句子成分練習1
語法復習句子成分練習題[1]
一、句子成分
（一）句子成分的定義：構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。
（二）主語：主語是一個句子所敘述的主體，一般位于句首。但在therebe結構、疑問句（當主語不疑問詞時）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如：
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名詞）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代詞）
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.（數詞）
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（動名詞）
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名詞化的形容詞）
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主語從句）
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主語，真正的主語為后面的不定式）
（三）謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構成如下：
1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、復合謂語：（1）由情態動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系動詞加表語構成。如：Wearestudents.
（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態，它一般位于系動詞（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如：
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名詞）
Isityours?（代詞）
Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容詞）
Thespeechisexciting.（分詞）
Threetimessevenistwentyone?（數詞）
HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）
Hishobby（愛好）isplayingfootball.（動名詞）
Thesed.（代詞）
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短語）
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（動名詞）
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介詞短語）
（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態特征的句子成分，叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示：
Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副詞及副詞性詞組）
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介詞短語）
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短語）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分詞短語）
Waitaminute.（名詞）
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（狀語從句）
狀語種類如下：
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（時間狀語）
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因狀語）Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（條件狀語）
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地點狀語）
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式狀語）
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴隨狀語）
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的狀語）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（結果狀語）
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（讓步狀語）
Iamtallerthanheis.（比較狀語）
練習一
一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting(itis)!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.
16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
20.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的主語（—）、謂語（＝）、賓語（～）：
Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.
三、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的定語（）、狀語[]、補語<>：
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
四、選擇填空：
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://m.okwtrl.com aded
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We, http://m.okwtrl.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where
答案
一、1、主語，定語；2、間接賓語；3、謂語，狀語；4、定語；5、狀語，狀語；6、定語，表語；7、賓語，狀語；8、謂語，主語；9、謂語；10、主語，表語；11、謂語，賓語；12、狀語；13、形式賓語，真正賓語；14、賓語、定語；15、插入語，狀語；16、賓語(間賓+直賓)；17、狀語，狀語；18、形式主語，表語，賓補；19、賓補；20、表語
二、略
三、略
四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB
句子成分練習1
句子成分練習1
一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：
3.Iyourafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
7.HetookmanyphotosBeijing.8.Therean
9.HeforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hisis
http://m.okwtrl.com ime.12.Tomcame
16.Wouldyouplease17.He二、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的主語（—）、謂語（＝）、賓語（～）:
Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthe1
garden.
三、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的定語（—）、狀語（＝）、補語（～）：
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
句子成分練習題2
一、指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分：
2.People’sstandardsofliving5.I’llreturnthebook8.TherearemanyfilmIwon’tstopyoufromdoingit.
12．13．22.
二、指出下列句中主語的中心詞
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
②Thereisanoldmancominghere.
③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.
三、指出句中謂語的中心詞
2
①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.
②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.
③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?
④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?
⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.
⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.
⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.
⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.
⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?
四、挑出下列句中的賓語
①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.
⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.
⑧Goacrothebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.
⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
⑩Theydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.
五、挑出下列句中的表語
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.
②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?
③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.
④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
六、挑出下列句中的定語
①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.
②Whatisyourgivenname?
③OnthethirdlapareCla1andCla3.
④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.
⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!
七、挑出下列句中的賓語補足語
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
八、挑出下列句中的狀語
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MiLihurriedoff.
⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.
⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.
⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.
九、劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語
①Pleasetellusastory.
②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.
③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.
④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.
⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?
十、分析并標出下面短文中每個句子的主要成分
ElizabethBlackwellwasborninEnglandin1821,andmovedtoNewYorkCitywhenshewastenyearsold.Onedayshedecidedthatshewantedtobecomeadoctor.Thatwasnearlyimpossibleforawomaninthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Afterwritingmanylettersaskingforadmission(錄取)tomedicalschools,shewasfinallyacceptedbyadoctorinPhiladelphia.Shewassodeterminedthatshetaughtschoolandgavemusiclessonstogetmoneyforthecostofschooling.
In1849,aftergraduationfrommedicalschool.shedecidedtofurtherhereducationinParis.Shewantedtobeasurgeon(外科醫師),butaseriouseyeproblemforcedhertogiveuptheidea.
UponreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefounditdifficulttostartherownpracticebecauseshewasawoman.By1857Elizabethandhersister,alsoadoctor,alongwithanotherwomandoctor,managedtoopenanewhospital,thefirstforwomenandchildrenBesidesbeingthefirstwomanphysicianandfoundingherownhospital,shealsosetupthefirstmedicalschoolforwomen.
句子成分練習題1
句子成分練習題(二)
指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分：
dependontheweather.
2.People’sstandardsoflivingsteadily.
5.I’ http://m.okwtrl.com radesbecameveryworried.
sky.
24.Helikesdrawingat