六不注重詞的位置形容詞副詞語序,他們是在年脫離國家聯盟建立自己的地方組織的,地震后在曾是一家工廠的地方建起了一所新學校,其實這個詞的主語一定是事物而不是人,分析學生容易受漢語思維的干擾錯寫成考生應掌握
完成句子易錯點
完成句子中的翻譯陷阱
一、語義聯想不一致
1.TheChangjiangRiveris______________________________(最長的河流)inchina.(other)
2.Theyhurrieduptothecinema,_________________________(結果被告知)thefilmstarhas
gone.
3._______________________________(因為沒有太多經驗),thenewpostgraduatesareso
easilytakeninbysomecheatsinsociety.(have)
4.Thebo_________________________(拍他的后背)andtoldhimsomethingsecret.(pat)
5.Whenasked____________________________(如何起火),Tomsaidhewasnotpresent
whenthefirestarted.(break)
6.Howlongdoyouthink_____________________________(多久之后)theChinesepeople
landonthemoon?(it)
7._________________________(盡管他還是個孩子),heknowsalot.
8.I___________________________(會感激你)ifyouhelpmeout.(appreciate)
http://m.okwtrl.com eandseemewhen_______________________(你方便的時候).(convenient)
10.I’mafraidyouwon’t________________________________(有時間換衣服)beforethe
party.(get)
11.Hefindsithard____________________________(讓別人明白自己).(make)
12.Ihaveneverheardasweetervoice.
13.Hardlyhadhereachedthehouse______________________________(天開始下雨).
(begin)
14.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitmaybe
sometime______________________________(然后情況才會好轉).(improve)
15.Ithinkyoushouldfindout___________________________(你失敗在哪)andthencorrect
it.(lie)
16.Iwouldrather____________________________(你能幫助我).(hand)
17.Itis_________________(我無法理解)whyshemarriedsuchaheavysmoker.(beyond)
二、詞性誤用
1.Theyhavecometorealizethat____________________________(很有價值)tokeeptheir
originallanguage.(value)
2.Iconsider_______________________________(很重要)tokeepourculturealive.
(importance)
3.Thecoffeeiswonderful!Itdoesn’ttastelikeanything___________________________(我
以前曾經喝過的).(have)
4.It_______________________________(突然開始下雨).(sudden)
5.Youmustshowthegentlemanin_____________________________(他一來).
(immediately)
6.____________________(多么有趣)toswiminthepoolinhotweatherafteraday’shard
work!(fun)
7._______________________(盡管)thatitwillrain,westilldecidedtogoshopping.
(despite)
8._____________________________________(是苦干和決心)aswellashergentlenature
thathadgotherintomedicalschool.(determination)
9.Thisbigstoreis__________________________(三倍重)thatone.(as)
10.________________________(由于)theorganiclightemittingdevicesareverythinand
flexible,electronicdisplayscreenscouldbeeasilycreatedonnearlyeverymaterial.(due)
三、語義沖突
1.Itisfiveyears_______________________(我不住那兒)(since).
2.Thisis_______________________(最沒用的)ofthefourbooks.(useful)
3.He_________________________(一定沒讀過)thisbook,foritcameoutyesterday.(read)
4.I__________________________________________(認為你沒有必要)toinvitesomany
visitors.(necessary)
5.Heissuchaboy______________________(總是不辜負父母的期望).(live)
6.Undernocircumstances______________________________________(我們決不輕易向困
難屈服).(give)
7.Allthenewcompaniescannotsucceed.
8.It’ssimple.Themorepreparationyoudonow,____________________________(你越不緊
張)beforetheexam.(nervous)
四、長難句結構不清
1.Theprofessornoticed,tohisdelight,thelab____________________________________(配
有一副大型銀幕)assoonasheenteredit.(furnish)
2.Theyhaddelayedhavingchildren,fortheusualreason,______________(創建)theircareers.
(set)
3.HerfathergaveheradviceonlearningEnglish______________________(她使用英語)
asmuchaspossible.(use)
4.________________________________(跟這個學生談一次),Ibelieve,andyouwillfind
Tomisveryoutgoing.(talk)
5.Aftercirclingaroundtheearthforthreedays,ShenzhouSpaceshipreceivedthecommand
fromthegroundthat____________(它著陸)asscheduledthenextday.(land)
6.Itisyou,ratherthanhe,that______________________________(對這次事故負責).
(blame)
7.Dannyleftwordwithmysecretary________________________(他將打電話)againinthe
afternoon.(call)
8._____________________(暴露在)toomuchsunlight,asisgenerallyconsidered,willaddto
thepotentialofcatchingskincancer.(expose)
9.Workhardwhileyouareyoung,Ithink,____________________whenyouareold.(regret)
(你不會后悔)
10.Thefactthatthedissolvedharmfulgasesandacidsinoceansandseasproducedthechain
reaction_____________________________(使生命可能)todevelop.(make)
11.Itwasnineyearsago,whenIcametochinaforthefirsttime,_____________________(我
開始)learnChinese.(begin)
12.Wearedeeplyimpressedbythewayhe’sthoughtof_______________________(解決問題).
(solve)
13.Thereisbutonewayofsolvingtheproblem----namely,______________________(建更多
的)Hopeschools.(set)
14.Ifawomanwithaveryuglyhatasksyouwhetheryoulikeit,________________________
(最好說),‘Well,itcertainlylooksniceonyou’thantosay,‘No,thatistheugliesthatIhaveeverseen.’(nice)
15.Medicalresearchershavepainfullyrealizedthattherearemanyproblems
_________________________________(他們沒有找到)anysolutionsofar.(find)
16.Walterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourwork____________________
(未結束),wedeclinedtheoffer.(finish)
17.Moretrees,flowersandgra_____________________(種植),ournewly-builtschoolwill
beevenmorebeautiful.(plant)
18.Thelecture____________________(已經開始),helefthisseatsoquietlythatnoone
complainedthathisleavingdisturbedthespeaker.(begin)
五、交際語的使用不熟
1.----IsthereaflighttoNewYorkateighttomorrowmorning?
----There________________(有可能).Youcanphonetheairportandmakesure.
2.----What’sthematterwithDella?
----Well,herparentswouldn’tallowhertogototheparty,butshestill__________________(希望如此).(hope)
六、不注重詞的位置(形容詞/副詞/語序)
1.Heneverwrote__________________________(一樣好的書)ashisfirstoneagain.(good)
2.Thetwostars___________________(嚴重燒傷)whileshootinginthestudio.(burn)
3.Ireallyhopethattheyareallabletolive______________________(幸福的生活)asthey
canwithnoregret.(life)
4._________________________________(一本多么有指導意義的書)hegaveme!(how)
5.It’s______________________________(相當難的問題)(rather)/
___________________________(quite),soit’squiteimpossibleformetoanswerit.
6.Itis_____________________(太重的箱子)formetocarry.(heavy)
7.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone_________________(首先要修理的)
isthelibrary.(repair)
8.Canyoutellme_____________________________(究竟是什么時候)theymeteachother.
9.Doyouknow______________________________(他們認識多久了)beforetheygot
married.(know)
10.We___________________________________(認為那是不明智的)giveuphisjob
securityandsalaryinaninternationalinformationbusinetoriskstartinghisownbusiness.(wise)
11.______________________________(沒讀完小說),shedidn’tknowthetragicending.
(finish)
七、對BeV-ed結構用作狀語或定語或賓補不熟
1._________________________(得知發生的),themanfellindeepthought,staringvacantly
intospace.(inform)
2.Theplan,____________________________(為學生而準備的),isnotpracticalnow.
(intend)
3.Enteringmyfather’sroom,Ifoundmyfatherseatedbyhisdesk,______________________
(全神貫注于手中的雜志)(absorb)
4.__________________________(在粉刷),thehouselooksinamess.(paint)
5.______________________(決意著手這項工程),hetogetherwithhisworkmatesiscolleting
therelatedinformationaboutit.(determine)
6.Theprofessorwassurprisedtoseesomecountrypeople__________________________(坐
在后邊)oftheclassroom.(seat)
八、時態誤用
1.Acomputeraswellasmanybooks__________________________________(已經送到那所
學校)lastterm.(send)
2.Ithasbeenagreedthatwe’llhavetofinish
__________________________________(無論要花多長時間).(take)
3.He_________________________(很可能明天來)tomorrow.(likely)thework,
4.Iwouldrather_______________(他明天來)tomorrow.(come)/
___________________________(會議下個月舉行)(hold)
5.Thecareledriver_____________________(負有責任)thetrafficaccidenthappening
yesterday.(blame)
6.Jerrygotapromotionbecausehefulfilled___________________________________(要求
他做的).(require)
7.Hardly______________________(他一坐下)whenthebellrang.(sit)
8.Seldom____________________(他發現)theteachersinthisschoolaresokindandhelpful.
(find)
9.Idon’tknow_____________________(有多久)thatyoustayhere.
10.Itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalf_______________________________(我看見黑夜)
facetoface.(see)
11.___________________________________(他們日夜工作三天)beforeeverythingreturned
tonormal.(work)
12.IwouldhaveattendedthepartybutI___________________________(忙于)something
veryimportant.(engage)
13.----Howdidyouenjoyyourvisit?
----Neverinmylife____________________________________(我得到這么好的服務)fromanybusiness.(receive)
九、疏忽詞的添加與省略
1.Itwas_________________________(遲到了)madehisfriendsdisappointed.(come)
2.Mr.Black,____________________________________(總是遵守諾言),canbereallyrelied
on.(keep)
3.With______________________________(眼睛盯著電視)(fix)
4.They__________________________(沒失去信心)afterseveralfailures.(lose)
5.Thequestion____________________________________(誰該做這項工作)requires
consideration.(work)
6.Ifeelitisyourhusband________________________________(應該負責任)thespoiled
child.(blame)
7.___________________________________(你可以相信)hewillwinthefirstprize.
(depend)
8.Hehassolvedtheproblem___________________________________(為什么電腦出故障).
(order)
9.Thedoctoradvisedmetospendmyvacation_______________________________(空氣新
鮮的地方).(fresh)
10.認出下降
11.AlargenumberofJulesVerne’sbooksarebelieved_____________________(已售出)inthe
world.(sell)
12.__________________________(真是太粗心了)ofhimtohavemadethesamemistakeover
andoveragain!(how)
13.Whenagain________________________________(遭同學們嘲笑),theboyturnedtohis
teacherforhelp.(laugh)
14.Beingeducatedinafamousuniversityis_____________________________(人人都希望
的).(wish)
十、主動/被動的切換
1.Theorderhasbeengiven____________________________________(必須開始工作)at
once.(start)
2.If_____________________________________(不采取措施),wecouldhavelostallour
tropicalforest.(measure)
3.Thekitemadeofpaper____________________(容易撕破)intherain.(tear)
4.Withsomuchwork_____________________(塞滿我的頭腦),Ialmostbeakdown.
(mind)
5.With_______________________________(錢快用光了),hewentbackhome.(run)
6.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplace____________________________________(一個可以放包
的地方)forashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.(leave)
7.Tomhas_________________/___________________/___________________(筋疲力盡)
afteralongday’swork.(tired/wear/give)
8.Bythetimethepoliceconcludetheinvestigation,thetruthofthemurder
_______________________(會水落石出).(light)
9.With__________________________(一場致命的臺風的爆發)(break)/
_____________________________(他的許多作品被出版)(come)
10.譯:我的家鄉發生了巨大的變化。
11.Thedangerwasreal,especiallyinthebeginning,_________________________(這時不知
道)aboutthenewdisease.(little)
12.Withthegraduationceremonyapproachingmostofmyclassmatesarebusyapplyingforajob.
Whenitcomestome,I’vemadeupmymindtogo_______________________________(最需要我的地方).(need)
十一、詞的數
1.______________________________________(完成這項工作還很困難)inthegiventime.
(difficulty)
2.Generallyspeaking,people_____________________(對廣告作出反應)indifferentways.
(react)
3.___________________________________________(你們已下定決心了嗎)wheretogo
foryourhoneymoon?(make)
4.________________________________(大量的錢)isspentontobaccoeveryyear.
(amount)
5.Atpresent__________________________________(他們在準備)thegreatpartytobeheld
atthebeginningofnextmonth.(preparation)
十二、不注意句型結構
1.________________________(如果你打開電視機)andyouwillseemanyads.(turn)
2._______________________(席地而坐)areagroupofyoungpeoplewhocomefromallover
theworld,exchangingideasabouttheirowncultures.(seat)
3._____________________________________(我們認為最難的事)issoontobediscussedat
themeeting.(what)
4.ThereasonwhytheneighbourswillgivethechildrenmanysweetsonHalloweenis
_________________________________(因為他們可能被捉弄).(trick)
5.Therearethreekindsofpapertomakeacardwith,____________________(沒有一種)tears
easily.(none)
6.Theplanemaybeseveralhourslate,_____________________(那樣的話)there’snopointin
ourwaiting.(case)
7.ThepointIwanttomakeis_________________________(做一名志愿者)isrewarding,for
itnotonlyhelpsothers,butalsoopensupopportunitiesforyoungpeople.(be)
8.__________________________________(他拒絕承認)hismistakesmadetheheadteacher
veryangry.(refuse)
9.___________________________(他喝醉了),you’dbetterattendtohimwithgreatercare.
(drink)
10._________________________________(當比較不同文化時),weoftenpayattentiononly
tothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.(compare)
11.______________________________________________(深埋在地下)aremanyinteresting
thingslikeoldclothesandstatues.(bury)
12.Helosthisjobthreemonthsago;______________________________(更糟的是),hewas
seriouslyinjuredinanaccidentlastweek.(matter)
完成句子易錯題小結
完成句子易錯題小結
喬每次開車時都會檢查一下車的油和水。
我正忙于準備一些材料,因為我被邀請去那個會議做演講。
theNationalUnionandsetuptheirownlocalorganization.(break)他們是在1993年脫離國家聯盟,建立自己的地方組織的。
4.Irecognizedher,althoughshehadchangedalotthroughtheseyears.(moment)
我一看到她就認出了她,盡管這些年她變化挺大的。
5.Scientistsareplanningtoclonethemountaingoat,whichisbelieved____________________completelyin2000.(die)
科學家們正計劃克隆這種山羊,人們相信他們在2000年已完全滅絕。
6.Aterriblestormhitthesoutheastcoastofthecountrylastweek,上周一場可怕的風暴襲擊了這個國家的東南沿海地區,造成了巨大的損失。
7._________________modernfacilities,thenewlybuiltlibraryisquitepopularwiththestudents.(equip)
這個新建的圖書館配備了先進的設施,很受同學們的歡迎。
---Ihadmeantto,butbeforeIcould,thebellrangandwehadtohandinoutrestpapers.(suppose)
---你本來應該把作文寫完的。
---我是這樣打算的,但是我還沒來得及寫完鈴聲就響了,我們就必須交卷了。
9.Eastofthelake,oneofwhichistwicethesizeoftheother.(lie)
湖的東邊有兩個村莊,其中一個的面積是另外一個的兩倍。
properly.(walk)
這種治療要一直持續到能使病人正常走路為止。
11.Theysaidthatthebuildingofthenewbridgewouldgoahead他們說新橋的建設會按照計劃進行。
12.Thesewildflowersaresospecialthatthesescientistswouldliketodoall.(save)
這些野花是如此特別以至于這些科學家想要盡一切所能來挽救他們。
13.ItwasmidnightsomyhusbandandIwereabitworriedthatsomethingmighthavegonewrong.(call)
他給我們打電話時正是午夜,所以我和我的丈夫都有點擔心是否出了什么事。
14.ItwasatmidnightsomyhusbandandIwereabitworriedthatsomethingmighthavegonewrong.(call)
他給我們打電話時正是午夜,所以我和我的丈夫都有點擔心是否出了什么事。
15.__________________,shehadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinWuhan.(available)
由于擔心時間不夠,她早就把她想要在武漢參觀的地點列了一張單子。
16.__________________washiswayofspeaking.(surprise)
最讓我吃驚的是他的說話方式。
17.Thewashingmachinethathe_______________yesterdayisrunningsmoothlyagain.(repair)
他昨天請人修過的洗衣機又開始正常運轉了。
118.Itwasthecomputerwhichbrokedownhalfway________________(該責怪)fortheloofallmyfiles.(blame)19.Nosooner______________________thanthephonerang.(sit)我剛一坐下來,電話鈴就響了.20.Aftertheearthquake,anewschoolwasbuilton___________________。(used)地震后,在曾是一家工廠的地方建起了一所新學校。
高考“完成句子”易錯題解析(湖北)
高考“完成句子”易錯題解析
湖北省高考從2016年開始使用了新題型“完成句子”,這一題型的變化,并沒有降低學生對基礎語法的學習要求,反而更注重了對學生實際運用能力的培養。考生們在平時雖然對該題型進行了大量的訓練,但是對于新題型仍然常覺得“心有余悸”。從全省高考成績來看,該題的平均分較低,尤其是07年,均分還不到4分!筆者分析了平時教學過程中積累的大量學生錯題,發現學生出錯有很大一部分原因是沒有注意到英漢兩種語言表達的差異而連續犯的錯誤。為了能更好地搞好學生考前復習,下面筆者將結合學生的易錯題來比較“完成句子”中英、漢兩種語言表達的差異。
一、注意英語和漢語表達中主語的不同
例1:(2016湖北34題)____________(我花了)onethousanddollarstobuythepaintinglastweek.(cost)
答案:Itcostme
分析:受漢語提示的干擾,學生容易錯寫成:Icost。其實,cost這個詞的主語一定是事物而不是人。如果主語是“事”通常用不定式短語表達,放在句后,主語位置用形式主語it去填補,比如這道題真正的主語是tobuythepaintinglastweek。這樣用的cost意為“使付出、使花費”,如果把“我花了”改為“使我花了”也許沒有那么多人出錯。例2:Comeandseeme____________(如果你方便).(convenient)
答案:ifitisconvenientfor/toyou
分析:學生容易受漢語思維的干擾錯寫成:ifyouareconvenient.考生應掌握 http://m.okwtrl.com 及It’sconvenientfor/tosb.todosth.的習慣表達。例3:_______________(他突然想起)thathehadleftthekeyinthelibraryonthewayhome.(occur)
答案:It(suddenly)occurredtohim
分析:此句中的真實主語為that引導的從句,因此句子需用it做形式主語(而不是he作主語)。考生應牢記句型:Itoccurredtosbthat...,其意思是“某人突然想到”,同時注意occur的過去式的寫法。
例4:Hearingthenews,___________(她的臉蒼白).(turn)
答案:sheturnedpale
分析:此題給出的漢語提示是“她的臉”,學生容易錯寫成:herfaceturnedpale。本題由“Hearingthenews”可知,分詞的邏輯主語一定是某人,-ing分詞表主動意義,故句子的主語應該是人,而不是“herface”。
二、注意英語與漢語句子結構、成份的不同
例5:Therewere20people_______________(死于這起事故).(die)
答案:whodiedintheaccident
分析:此題句子中缺少一個定語成份,因此用who引導的定語從句。但學生容易按照漢語表達的順序,錯寫成:“diedintheaccident”。表面上看,它與正確答案只相差一詞“who”,但是在評分時卻因結構不正確而不能得分。
例6:—Whatmadeherunhappy?
—_______________(她的錢包丟了).(lose)
答案:Losingherwallet
分析:此題是對what(句子的主語)提問,完整的答語應是:Losingherwalletmadeherunhappy.考慮到情景中答語是個省略句,只須寫出主語。而學生容易受漢語思維的影響,錯寫成Becauseshelostherwallet或Herwalletwaslost等。
例7:Theoldcouplehavetwodaughters,_______________(兩個都是醫生).(both)答案:bothofwhomaredoctors
分析:此題逗號前面是一個完整的句子,后面并未出現and等并列連詞,因此不能用“both(ofthem)aredoctors”,只能運用定語從句構成主從復合句。
三、注意英語和漢語提示部分語序的不同
例8:(2016湖北31題)_______________(最長的三條河流)intheworldaretheNiles,theAmazon,andtheChangjiangRiver.(long)答案:Thethreelongestrivers分析:由漢語提示學生們容易錯寫成:Thelongestthreerivers。本題考查的知識點是:冠詞、數詞等限定詞應該放在形容詞的前面。另外,最高級可用序數詞(first,second...),byfar,almost等修飾且置于最高級前面。再如:
HainanisthesecondlargestislandinChina.
例9:Sodifficult_______________(我感覺)ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(feel)
答案:didIfeel
分析:此題中給出的漢語提示是“我感覺”,學生容易錯寫成:“Ifelt”。本題考查的知識點是在關聯詞So+形容詞/副詞...that...結構中如果so及其修飾的形容詞或副詞提到句首,句子應部分倒裝。再如:
Sofrightededwassheinthedarknethatshedidn’tdaretomoveaninch.例10:Onlybychangingthewaywelive_______________(我們才能拯救地球).(save)
答案:canwesavetheearth
分析:由漢語提示學生們容易錯寫成:wecansavetheearth。本題考查的知識點是:only放在句首并修飾狀語時,句子使用部分倒裝語序。再如:
四、注意英語和漢語表達上語態的不同
例11:Thedriver______________(應受到責備)fortheaccident.(blame)答案:istoblame
分析:此題漢語提示部分容易讓學生們想到被動語態因而錯寫成:shouldbeblamed。但此題考查betoblame(for)這一用法,意思是“應(為)承擔責任,該(為)受責備”,常用其主動形式表示被動意義。
例12:Mycar_______________(正在修).(repair)
答案:isbeingrepaired
分析:此題學生們稍不細心就會錯寫成:isrepairing。本題考查的是:現在進行時的被動語態表示“正被”,但如果主語是事物在漢語表達中通常較少使用被動句。
五、注意英語中某些特殊的表達方式
例13:Ihurriedtothestation_______________(結果發現)thetrainhadleft.(find)答案:onlytofind
分析:本題考查的知識點是:onlyto+動詞原形,它表示“事與愿違,出人意料”的結果。
例14:(2016湖北35題)—You’dbettergoand_______________(把你的轎車洗洗).(wash)
—No,I’lldoitmyself.
答案:have/getyourcarwashed
分析:本題學生容易錯寫成:washyourcar,但是由最后一句I’lldoitmyself.可知題意是“讓別人洗車”,因此應該用havesth.done這一結構來表示該事情是由別人來做的。例15:___________(擺餐具)foradinnerinwesterncountriesandinChinaisnotthesame.(lay)
答案:Layingthetable
分析:英語中laythetable是一個固定表達,意思是covereditwithacloth,knives,forks,etc,readyforameal,即“擺好餐桌,準備開飯”。
那么,考生怎樣才能避免這些常見的錯誤并提高該題的得分呢?筆者認為應該注意以下幾點:
1.審題須嚴
英語句子部分是主干,能提供重要的時態、語態甚至結構上的暗示,它是一個獨立的語境,因此應認真審題。
2.思考須密
第一步:讀全句,基本確定結構。結構(包括搭配和句子關系)的確定是答題成功的關鍵。
第二步:觀察漢語提示和英語單詞的提示,基本確定形式(包括時態、語態)。第三步:總攬全句,確定語義邏輯的通常性和在語境中的最佳形式。
3.下筆須慎
也許我們審題時很嚴謹,思考也周密,但在應試狀態下,我們也可能心筆不一,如錯詞、別詞、誤寫、缺筆或多劃、多詞等等,因此下筆須慎。
總之,學生在學習中要做到以下四點:理解概念;牢記結構;注意語言環境及與之經常搭配的詞匯;輸出正確的書面形式。