第三部分概括大意和完成句子，沒有溫室氣體我們所知道的生命就不能生存，選的依據在第一段的第二句和昀后一句，其他主要的甲烷來源有石油鉆井采煤固體垃圾以及沼澤地，牛吃的大部分是草但卻長得身高體壯。
概括大意和完成句子
第三部分概括大意和完成句子
第一篇USSignsGlobalTobaccoTreaty
http://m.okwtrl.com untriesthatratifytheFCTCwillhaveto,amongotherthings,.
7.ItishopedthattheFCTCwillgreatlyhelptoreducedeaths8.MuchmorecountrieshavesignedtheFCTCthanthosethat.
A.haveratifieditB.approvingitC.implementitsprovisionsD.restrictsmokinginpublicplacesE.causedbytobaccouseF.includinghighertobaccotaxes
第二篇NappingtoaHealthierHeart?
1..2..
5.Accordingtosomeresearchers,bymeasuringthelevelsofNT-proBNPinthebloodpeoplemayknow
6.IfapersonhasahighlevelofNT-proBNP
7.Peoplewhotakeregularafternoonnaps.
8.SofartherehavenotbeendefinitedatatoconfirmAwherefewerpeoplediefromheartproblem.
Bwhethertheyhavetheriskofheartattack,heartfailureorstroke.
Cwouldprobablyhavelowerratesofheartdisease.
DhowtotestapersonsNT-proBNPlevelinthebloodbyhimself.
Ehisheartmusclewouldbeunderpressureinsomeway.
Fthatnappingisofgreatbenefittowomentoo.
第三篇ManyBenefitsfromCancerOrganization
1.2.34
5.TheAmericanCancerSociety’sresearchprogramhasbenefited6.Thesurvivalperiodfor60%ofcancerpatientstodayis
7.Manyoutstandingapplicationsareturneddowneachyearfor8.MorecancerbreakthroughscanbemadewithA.lackoffundingB.manycancerpatientsC.morelivesbeingsavedD.morethanfiveyearsE.theultimateanswersF.morefunding
第四篇ThePaperChase
http://m.okwtrl.com alingWithBills5.StephanieDentonisexpert
6.Youcanputyourfilecartanywhereyoulike, http://m.okwtrl.com uponsshouldbethrownawaybecause8.“Mentallyflexible”indicatesthefactA.theyareuselessB.inpaperchaseC.thatitiseasilyreachedD.thatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentrequirementsE.theyarenotcomfortableF.ininvestingincoupons
第五篇ChinaSeeksDonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap
1.3.
5.Itseemsthatmanyoftherecipientsarenotrichenough
6.AtpresentthenumberofbonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais
7.Somesolventsandbuildingmaterialsareconsidered
8.Obviously,recruitingvoluntarybonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais_.
A.aboutonepercentofthetotalpopulationB.toberesponsibleforchildhoodleuckaemiaC.anurgentandtoughtaketobeaccomplishedD.lethanonethirdoftheminimumE.anexpensivecosttobepaidF.toaffordthecostofbonemarrowtransplantation
*第六篇PregnantWomenWarnedAboutACEInhibitor
1.2.
5.FDAsuggeststhatpregnantwomenwithhighbloodpressureshouldconsult.
6.ACEinhibitorsarenotrecommended7.Evidenceshowedonlyasmallpercentageofbabiessufferedmajordisorders8.ACEisariskfactortoourbodyAthatmaycauseourbloodvesselstobecomemoreandmorenarrow
Bforpregnantwomentotakeduringtheirlastsixmonthsofpregnancies
Cthattheirlikelihoodtosuffermajorproblemsistwotimeshigherthanotherbabies
Dwiththeirdoctorsabouthowtotreattheirproblems
Ebecausediabetesduringpregnancymaysometimesleadtobirthdefects
FthoughtheirmotherstookACEinhibitorsduringtheirfirstthreemonthsofpregnancies*第七篇ScreenTest
1.3.5.Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay
http://m.okwtrl.com layingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay
8.RadiationexposureshouldbeA.becostlyB.harmfulC.savealifeD.stillopentodebateE.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancerF.reducedtotheminimum
*第八篇LungCancer
1.2.4.
5.RoutineX-raychestexaminationisnotsodangerous
6.Aprimarylungcancerpatientmaybecuredbyremovingthelungcompletely
7.Peoplearestillnotsure
8.Themorecigarettesonesmokes,.
A.beforethecancercellsspreadelsewhereB.themorechancesofdyingofX-rayradiationhewillhaveC.whatismostresponsibleforlungcancer
D.assomepeopleimagineE.themorechancesofgettinglungcancerhewillhave
F.whichformoflungcancerisacommonone
*第九篇Aspirin—aNewMiracleDrug
http://m.okwtrl.com hemiddleofthelastcenturyCravenmade
6.ItisBayerCompany
7.Thereisaprostaglandin
8.Numerousstudiesconcluded
A.thataspirinhasapositiveeffectonheartattacksandstokes
http://m.okwtrl.com o“double-blind”trialsofpatientswithheartdiseaseC.thatfirstproducedaspirinforsaleD.theunsuspectedeffectonpainandfeverE.importantobservationsontheeffectsofaspirinF.thatmaycauseclotstobeformedinthearteries
*第十篇TheSafeneofIUDsHIV-positiveWomen
1.3.4.
5.Accordingtocurrentguidelines,womenshouldnotuseIUDs
6.Currentguidelinesbarelyrecommend
7.Frombothcurrentguidelinesandthenewstudywemayconclude
8.ThenewstudymaintainsthattheIUDisasafecontraceptivemethodforHIV-infectedwomen
A.whatcontraceptiveisgoodforHIV-infectedwomenB.iftheygotoseethedoctoratregularintervalsC.whatarelationshipbetweenincreasedcervicalHIVsheddingandtheuseoforalontraceptivesD.thatsexuallytransmitteddiseasesmayincreasetheriskofIUDcomplicationsE.iftheyareHIVcarriersF.thattakingoralcontraceptivesismuchsaferthanusingIUDsforHIV-infectedwomen
+第十一篇SurgeryInvolvingtheHeart
1.2.4.5.Thebloodisoxygenatedandcarbondioxideinitisremoved.
6.Theheart-lungmachineisanessentialhelperforsurgeons7.Endocarditismaycausevalvestobedamaged
8.Itisextremelyimportantinhearttransplantation
A.andfinallytheyfailtofunctionproperly
http://m.okwtrl.com erformmanysurgicaloperationsonthechest
C.whenitpassesthroughtheheart-lungmachine
D.andtheynolongerobstructthebloodflow
E.tomatchtissuesofthedonorandtherecipient
F.whentheineffectivevalvesarereplacedbyartificialones
+第十二篇GinsengShowsBenefitinCancerTreatment
1.3.4.5.DoctorsintheUSwantedtoknow6.Bothstudiesonflaxseedandginsengshow7.Itistheuniquenutrientprofileofflaxseed
http://m.okwtrl.com heginsengtrialtheresearcherstestedthepotencyofginsengAthatledtheresearchersinDuke'sSchoolofNursingtostudyit
Bbygivingdifferentdosesoftheherbtopatientswithdifferentcancers
Cwhetherthefoodsandsupplementspatientstookeverydayweregoodornot
Dthoughbothflaxseedandginsengareallhealthyalternativemedicines
Ethateitherofthemisbeneficialtocancerpatients
Fbecausewestillhavetoseeifflaxseedcanpreventprostatecancer
+第十三篇WardoffTravelBugs
1.4.5.Food-poisoningmayposeaproblem.
6.Specialearplugscanmakeyoufeelbetter.
7.Itisimportanttodrinkalotofwater_.
8.Don'tforgettobringnecessarymedicine__.
A.whenyourplaneisabouttolandB.whenyouaretakingtabletsC.whenyousufferfrom
food-poisoningD.whenyouaretravellingE.whenyouarepackingforyourtourF.whenyouarehavingacold
+第十四篇ABaby’sGrowth
1.2.
5.Thebaby’sabilitytosensethevisualspaceowesto.
6.Inimitatingthebehaviorofonehandwiththeother,thebabyisableto
7.Ababywillsmileashisimageat
8.Thebaby’sextensionofaffectionshouldmakethemother
http://m.okwtrl.com lonehandfromtheother
D.theperfectionofvisionandtheabilitytoholdhisheadupE.haspreferenceamonghistoysF.explorehistoys
+第十五篇OptimistsReallyDoLiveLonger,SayScientists
1.2.
5.Somescholarsdidnotbelieve
6.Howlongonecanlivepartlydependson7.Anoptimistdoesnotnecessarilytry
8.Anexperimentshowedthatoptimistswere
A.toavoidunpleasantthingsinlifeB.inlookingonthebrightsideoflife
C.lelikelytocatchcoldD.howonelooksonlifeE.tobeunhappyallthetimemorelikelytogetcancer
F.
2016年職稱英語概括大意和完成句子(12)+AStrongGreenhouseGas
第十二篇AStrongGreenhouseGas
1Methaneisacolorless,odorlegas;itisalsoapotentgreenhousegas,andoncereleasedintotheatmosphere1,itabsorbsheatradiatingfromEarth’ssurface.That’swhymethaneisamajorcontributortotheplanet’sincreasingtemperaturerise—orglobalwarming.Moleculeformolecule,methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide2,themostabundantgreenhousegas.
2With13billioncowsbelchingalmostconstantlyaroundtheworld(100millionintheU.S.alone),it’snosurprisethatmethanereleasedbylivestockisoneofthechiefglobalsourcesofthegas.Otherprimemethanesources:petroleum,drilling,coalmining,solid-wastelandfillsandwetlands.
3GreenhousegaseslikemethaneandcarbondioxidemakeuponlyasmallpartofEarth’satmosphere,whichis78percentnitrogenandnearly21percentoxygen.Andwithoutgreenhousegasestotrapthesun’sheatandwarmtheplanet,lifeasweknowitcouldn’texist3.Butinthelast200years,humanactivitythatrequiresburningoil,naturalgas,andcoalforenergyhasmagnifiedthegreenhouseeffect.
4Atmosphericconcentrationsofmethanehavemorethandoubledinthelasttwocenturies.Blameforthisoftenfocusesonbigindustriesandgas-guzzlingvehicles.Butagricultureplaysamajorrole, http://m.okwtrl.com hepast40yearsalone,theglobalcattlepopulationhasdoubled.
5Cowsmunchmostlygrassesandhay—yettheygrowbigandhefty.Why?Becauseoftherumen.The
rumenholds160litersoffoodandbillionsofmicrobes.Thesemicroscopicbacteriaandbreakdowncelluloseandfiberintodigestiblenutrients.Acowcouldn’tlivewithoutitsmicrobes.Asthemicrobesdigestcellulose,theyreleasemethane.Theproceoccursinallanimalswitharumen(cows,sheep,andgoats,forexample),anditmakethemverygassy.It’spartoftheirnormaldigestionprocess.Whentheychewtheircud,theyregurgitatesomefoodtorechewit,andallthisgascomesout.Theaveragecowexpels600litersofmethaneaday.6That’swhywesaylivestockgasisalsoamajorfactorofcausingtheglobalwarming.
詞匯：methane/5meWein/n.甲烷munch/mQntF/v.用力咀嚼odorle/`EJdElIs/adj.無味的hefty/5hefti/adj.健壯的potent/5pEutEnt/adj.強有力的rumen/5ru:men/n.瘤胃belch/belt/v.打嗝protozoan.原生動物（復數）livestock/5laivstCk/n.家畜，牲畜cellulose/5seljulEus/n.纖維素landfill/`lAndfIl/n.埋填的廢渣nutrient/5nju:triEnt/adj.有營養的magnify/5mA^nifai/v.擴大cud/kQd/n.反芻的食物guzzle/^Qzl/v.大量消耗（燃料等）regurgitate/ri(:)5^E:dViteit/v.反芻
22注釋：
1.oncereleasedintotheatmosphere,…：一旦（甲烷）釋放到大氣中……。oncereleasedintotheatmosphere相當于oncemethaneisreleasedintotheatmosphere。
2.Moleculeformolecule，methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide,…：按分子與分子對比，甲烷在大氣中吸熱的能力比二氧化碳強20倍……。介詞for表示“對比或比例關系”。
3.withoutgreenhousegases…，lifeasweknowitcouldn’texist：沒有溫室氣體……，我們所知道的生命就不能生存。本句中，life是主語。as從句中的it指代life。
4.Atmosphericconcentrationsofmethane：甲烷在大氣中的濃度
練習:
1.Paragraph1
2.Paragraph2
3.Paragraph4
4.Paragraph5
ALifeofMicroscopicBacteriainLivestock’sRumen
BWaystoReduceMethane’sHeat-TrappingPower
CAgricultureAlsoContributestoIncreasedConcentrationsofMethaneintheAtmosphere
DWhyLivestockReleasesMethane
EMethaneasaStrongGreenhouseGas
FLivestockasaPrimeFactoroftheGreenhouseEffect
5.Methaneistotheintensifyinggreenhouseeffect.
6.Greenhousegasesareindispensabletomankind,buttheproblemmankindisfacedwithis.
7.Generallypeopleheapcriticismonfortheplanet’stemperaturerise.
8.Nothinghasbeenmentionedinthepassageabout.
Aoneofthemajorcontributors
Btheever-increasingatmosphericconcentrationsofgreenhousegases
Cbigandheftycows
Dlivestock’snormaldigestionprocess
Ehowtocutdownthecattlepopulations
Fbigindustriesandgas-guzzlingvehicles
答案與題解:
1.E本段的第三句點出了methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide。
2.F本段要表達的中心意思是：livestock排出的甲烷也是溫室效應的一個主要源頭。
3.C本段表達的重點是用but轉折的段后兩句。
4.D本段從科學的角度分析反芻動物為什么會釋放出甲烷。
5.A選A的依據在第一段的第二句和昀后一句。
6.B選B的依據在第三段的第二句、第三句和第四段的第一句。這三個句子先后介紹了下列觀點：沒有溫室氣體，生物不能生存；人類燃燒能源，加劇溫室效應；大氣甲烷含量增加一倍。7.F第四段第二句直接談到這個問題。人們常常將不斷加劇的溫室效應歸罪于大工業和汽車，而cattle釋放甲烷的因素被忽略了。
8.E選項E是本文沒有提到的內容，也就是說，其他五個選項的內容文章部有涉及。
第十二篇一種強烈的溫室氣體
甲烷是一種無色無味的氣體，同時也是一種很強烈的溫室氣體，一旦釋放到空氣中，就會吸收地球表面散發的熱量。所以說甲烷是使這個星球日趨變暖(或叫全球變暖)的一個主要原因。按分子與分子對比，甲烷在大氣中吸收熱量的能力是二氧化碳——昀豐富的溫室氣體的21倍。
由于全世界有130億頭牛幾乎在連續不斷地打嗝（僅美國就有一億頭），難怪由牲畜釋放的甲烷就成為了一種主要的全球性甲烷來源。其他主要的甲烷來源有：石油、鉆井、采煤、固體垃圾以及沼澤地。
甲烷和二氧化碳等溫室氣體只占地球大氣的一小部分，大氣中78%為氮氣，將近21%為氧氣。如果沒有溫室氣體來吸收太陽的熱量，使地球變暖，我們所知道的生命就不會存在。但在過去的200年里，通過燃燒油、天然氣和煤來獲取能量的人類活動加劇了溫室效應。
在過去的兩個世紀里，甲烷在大氣中的濃度地加了一倍多，人們常常將此歸罪于大工業和汽車。但是農業在其中也扮演了一個重要角色。僅在過去40年里，全球牲畜數量就翻了一番。
牛吃的大部分是草，但卻長得身高體壯。原因何在？在于它們都長有瘤胃。它們的瘤胃容納160升的食物，養育數十億的微生物。這些微小的細菌和原生動物可分解纖維素，形成可吸收的營養。沒有這些微生物牛就無法生存。由于微生物可吸收纖維素，所以就會釋放出甲烷。所有長有瘤胃的動物（比如牛、綿羊和山
羊）都會這樣，因此它們經常釋放出氣體。這是它們的正常吸收過程的一部分。它們反芻時，就會將食物重新咀嚼，于是就釋放出氣體。一般每頭牛每天會排出600升甲烷。
因此，我們認為，牲畜釋放的氣體也是全球變暖的一個主要因素。
2016年職稱英語概括大意和完成句子(9)-MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded
第九篇MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded
1Agriculturalresearchfundingisvitaliftheworldistofeeditselfbetterthanitdoesnow.Dr.TonyFischer,cropscientist,saiddemandwasgrowingat2.5%peryear,butwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead1.
2“Theglobaldeclineininvestmentininternationalagriculturalresearchmustbereversedifsignificantprogreistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutritionandpoverty,”hesaid.
3Researchisneededtosolvefoodproduction,landdegradation2andenvironmentalproblems.Securelocalfoodsupplies3ledtoeconomicgrowthwhich,inturn,slowedpopulationgrowth.Dr.Fischerpaintedapictureoftheworld’sabilitytofeeditselfinthefirst25years,whentheworld’spopulationisexpectedtorisefrom5.8to8billionpeople.Hesaidthatthingswillprobablyholdorimprove4butthere’llstillbealotofhungrypeople.Thebiggestconcentrationofpoorandhungrypeoplewouldbeinsub-SaharanAfricaandsouthernAsiain2020,similartothecurrentpattern.Ifthereisanychange,aslightimprovementwillbeseeninsouthernAsia,butnotinsub-SaharanAfrica.ThemajorimprovementwillbeineastAsia,SouthAmericaandSouth-EastAsia.
4Thedevelopingworldwasinvestingabout0.5%,or$8billionayear,ofitsagriculturalgrodomesticproduct(GDP)on5research,andthedevelopedworldwasspending2.5%ofitsGDP.Dr.Fischersaidmorewasneededfromallcountries.
5Hesaidcropresearchcouldproducetechnologiesthatspreadacromanycountries,suchaswheatproductionresearchhavingspin-offsforMexico,ChinaorIndia6.
6“Technologiesstillneedtoberefinedforthelocalconditionsbutalotofthestrategicresearchcanhaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently,”Dr.Fischersaid.
7Yieldsofrice,wheatandmaizehavegrownimpressivelyinthepast30years,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Forexample,maizeproductionrosefrom2-8tonnesperhectarebetween1950and1995.Buttechnologiesdrivingthisgrowth,suchashigh-yieldvarieties,fertilizers,andirrigation,werebecomingexhausted.“Ifyouwanttosavethelandfornon-agriculturalactivities,forforestsandwildlife,you’regoingtohavetoincreaseyield,”Dr.Fischersaid.
詞匯:funding/5fQndiN/n.為……提供資金，撥專款domestic/dE5mestik/adj.國內的modem/5mEudEm/n.調制解調器grodomesticproduct國內生產總值malnutrition/5mAlnju(:)5triFEn/n.營養不良spin-offn.有用的副產品degradation/7de^rE5deiFEn/n.降級，(土地)貧瘠化strategic/strE5ti:dVik/adj.戰略的gro/^rEus/adj.總的，全部的application/7Apli5keiFEn/n.應用
maize/meiz/n.玉米hectare/5hektB:/n.公頃注釋:
1.…butwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead：……但由于有了現代技術和新技術的開發，世界應該能夠不斷前進。ones指代前面的technologies。
2.landdegradation土地貧瘠化
3.securelocalfoodsupplies：穩定的當地糧食供應
4.Hesaidthatthingswillprobablyholdorimprove…：他說情況很可能保持現狀或有所改善……。Hold：保持。
5.invest…on：這是一個固定動詞用法，意思是“把……投資于”。
6.Hesaidcropresearchcouldproducetechnologiesthatspreadacromanycountries,suchaswheatproductionresearchhavingspin-offsforMexico,ChinaorIndia：他說糧食研究會開發出新技術，這些新技術又會傳播到許多國家，例如小麥生產研究的成果已經在墨西哥、中國或印度得到應用。spreadacross：傳播到。havingspin-offsfor…是現在分詞短語，修飾wheatproductionresearch。
練習:
1.Paragraph1ATheSameorImprovedFoodSupplySituationin2020
2.Paragraph3BCResearchFocusonIncreasedYieldMoreResearchFundingNeeded
3.Paragraph4DLocalSituationsAnalyzed
4.Paragraph7EFIncreaseinInvestmentonAgriculturalResearchSustainedDevelopmentofModernTechnologies
5.Dr.Fischerclaimsthatagriculturewillcontinuetodevelop.
6.Landcanbesavedforotherpurposes.
7.Theinvestmentcanberegardedasefficient.
8.Theglobaldecreaseininvestmentshouldbechanged
Aifwecandriveyieldup
BwhenMexico,ChinaandIndiajoinintheproject
CSustainedDevelopmentofModernTechnologies
Dwhenweusemoderntechnologiesanddevelopnewones
Ewhenthedevelopedworldhelpthedevelopingworld
答案與題解:
1.E本段談及糧食需求以每年2.5%的速度遞增，所以，農業研究資金的投入至關重要。
2.A本段引用了費舍的觀點，如果能進行農業研究，在本世紀第一個25年中，即使世界人口從58億增加到80億，糧食供應的格局和現在大致相同或有所改善。
3.C本段指出，農業研究的資金投入還要增加。
4.B本段的中心思想是提高農作物的單位面積產量。過去30年的實踐證明提高單位面積產量是可能的。
5.D本題答案的依據是第一段第二句的后半句：…withmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones，theworldshouldbeabletostayahead.
6.A答案可在昀后一段找到。原句是：Ifyouwanttosavethelandfornon-agriculturalactivities,forforestsandwildlife,you’regoingtohavetoincreaseyield…
7.F第六段有這么一句話：…alotofthestrategicresearchcanhaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently.提示我們，選項F是答案。
8.C答案可在第二段找到。原句是:Theglobaldeclineininvestmentininternationalagriculturalresearchmustbe
reversedifsignificantprogreistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutritionandpoverty…
第九篇需要進行更多的農業研究
如果世界人民想比現在吃得更好，農業研究資金的投入至關重要。農業科學家托尼·費舍說過需求每年增長2.5%，但由于有了現代技術和新技術的開發，世界應該能夠不斷前進。他說：“要想在減少營養不良和貧困方面取得巨大的進步，就必須扭轉全球對國際農業研究投入下滑的趨勢。”
解決糧食生產、土地貧瘠化和環境污染問題，必須進行研究。穩定的當地糧食供應可以促進經濟地長，放慢人口地長速度。費舍博士描繪說，世界有能力在人口由58億增加到80億的頭25年實現糧食供應充足。情況很可能保持現狀或有所改善，但仍會有大批人口處于饑餓當中。2020年貧窮和饑餓人口昀大集中地為撒哈拉以南的非洲部分和南亞，這與目前情況類似。如果有什么變化的話，也只是在南亞有稍微的改善，而不是在撒哈拉以南的非洲。主要改善地區將是東亞、南美和東南亞。
發展中國家每年將農業國內生產總值的大約0.5%（80億美元）用于研究，發達國家則用2.5%的國內生產總值進行研究。費舍博士說所有國家都需要更多的資金。他說糧食研究會開發出新技術，這些新技術又會傳播到許多國家，例如小麥生產研究的成果已經在墨西哥、
中國或印度得到應用。他說：“技術仍需因地制宜進行改進，但許多戰略性研究可以在全球應用，所以可以
非常有效地利用財力。”在過去30年中，大米、小麥和玉米的產能大幅度地增長，尤其是在發展中國家，例如，1950年到1995年，玉米產量由每公頃2噸均加到每公頃8噸。但是，推動高產的技術，比如高產新品種、化肥以及灌溉，正在消耗殆荊費舍博士說：“如果你想騰出土地做非農業用途，保護森林和野生動物，就必須提高單位面積產量。”