小學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)大全
對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，語(yǔ)法一直都是最難的。但是我們?cè)谛W(xué)期間接觸的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)比較少，而且都十分簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)。下面是小編為大家整理的小學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)歸納，希望對(duì)大家有用!
小學(xué)英語(yǔ)必備語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
英語(yǔ)句子按交際功能的分類(lèi)
1.陳述句(declarative sentence)
用來(lái)陳述一項(xiàng)事實(shí)或說(shuō)話人的'看法。例如：
We looked upon our youth as the future of our mother-land.I haven’t finished my work yet.
There are various kinds of jobs in the world.
2.疑問(wèn)句 (interrogative sentence)
疑問(wèn)句提出問(wèn)題，啟發(fā)讀者思考，文章中正確使用疑問(wèn)句可以加深讀者對(duì)主題的理解。疑問(wèn)句可以分為一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句和反義疑問(wèn)句。
一般疑問(wèn)句 (general questions)
Can you finish the work in time?
Have you concluded the business?
特殊疑問(wèn)句(wh-Questions)
Where do you work?
Which point of views is most valid?
選擇疑問(wèn)句(alternative questions)
Do you want coffee or tea?
反義疑問(wèn)句(tag-questions)
He doesn’t know her, does he?
3.祈使句(imperative sentence)
用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求或建議。例如：
Don’t be late next time!
Let’s not talk about it any more.
John take these books to the reading-room!
4.感嘆句(exclamatory sentence)
用來(lái)表示強(qiáng)烈的情感。例如：
What a long time we have been waiting!
How hard they are working now!
The patient went out without the doctor’s permission!
小學(xué)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)：
1、過(guò)去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，只有在兩個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才可顯示出來(lái)。
e.g.As soon as we got to the station,the train had left.
注：主從句表達(dá)的動(dòng)作緊接時(shí)，即兩動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間沒(méi)有明顯時(shí)間上的懸殊或空檔時(shí)，主從句都可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
e.g.Where did your brother study before he joined the army?2、過(guò)去完成時(shí)可表示截止過(guò)去某一時(shí)間動(dòng)作的總或動(dòng)作的結(jié)束。
e.g.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books
By eight o`clock,he had finished his homework.
與這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常有：
by 1985,by eight o`clock,by then,by the end of last month,by the time when,when,as soon as,before等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主句動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)間。
二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于：
1、表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
e.g.Listen,someone is crying.
What are you doing these days?
2、代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而含有某種感情色彩。e.g.How are you feeling today?
你今天感覺(jué)怎樣?(顯得親切)
He is doing well in his lessons.
他的功課很好。(贊揚(yáng))
You are always boasting.
你老愛(ài)吹牛。(厭煩)
3、動(dòng)詞go, come, leave, arrive等表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)。
e.g.They are leaving for Shanghai.
與這種時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常有：
now,these days,recently,this week 等。
小學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：
1)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：every,sometimes,at,on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3)表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái) ?/p>
注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4)現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作，表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。再如：Now watch me,I switch on the current and stand back.
第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
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