定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞用法
關(guān)系代詞指的是代表先行詞,同時在從句中作一定的句子成分。以下是小編幫大家整理的定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞用法,歡迎大家借鑒與參考,希望對大家有所幫助。
1、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3)which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作主語)
The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作賓語)
2、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
1)when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和"介詞+which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的.出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
2)that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在非正式文體中that常被省略(正式文體中不可省略),例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方法一: 用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞。例如:
(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(對) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二:準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞.先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時,應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系代詞;先行詞在從句中作狀語時,應(yīng)選 擇關(guān)系副詞。
例如:(對)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
(對)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
【定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞用法】相關(guān)文章:
關(guān)系代詞的用法期中考試知識點(diǎn)07-02
初三英語疑問代詞的用法知識點(diǎn)09-20
五大關(guān)系代詞替換托福詞匯07-07
從交往的距離看出人際關(guān)系10-14
2018廣東高考英語關(guān)系代詞一輪復(fù)習(xí)資料08-23
托福閱讀代詞的應(yīng)用10-29
幼少兒英語考級人稱代詞和物主代詞的資料04-18