分析定語(yǔ)從句中只用who不用that的情況
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分析定語(yǔ)從句中只用who不用that的情況
在定語(yǔ)從句中who和which都是關(guān)系代詞,都在句中作主語(yǔ),that除作主語(yǔ)以外還可以作賓語(yǔ),指代人或物,而who只能指人。在接下來(lái)的講解中會(huì)看到只用who不用that的情形。
1.只指人,并且在從句中作主語(yǔ)的情況
A.The man who is a new one has rent a flat in downtown of New York for a long time.
新來(lái)的這個(gè)人在紐約市中心租了一棟公寓,有一段時(shí)間了。(the man 指人并在句中作主語(yǔ))
B.The girl who has looked for a job with the help of her tutor is fortunate.
這個(gè)女孩在導(dǎo)師的幫助下找到了一份工作,她是幸運(yùn)的。(the girl 指人并在句中作主語(yǔ))
C.The professor who wrote a book is teaching history.
寫這本書的專家正在教歷史。(the professor既指人又在句中作主語(yǔ))
2.在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),并指人時(shí)
A.He feel honored to work with Mr.Li, who has good reputation in the business.
他感到很榮幸和李先生一起工作,李先生在業(yè)界有著良好的聲譽(yù)。
B.Where is the girl, who was the witness in the severe accident.
作為這場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重車禍的目擊者的這個(gè)女孩在哪?
C.The scientists, who invented a kind of immune medicine.
科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種免疫性的藥物。
3.先行詞是god, angel,fairy等詞時(shí),用who不用that。
A.In the oil painting, the state of angels who smiled at each other delivered the artist`s emotional.
在油畫中,天使互相微笑的狀態(tài)傳遞了藝術(shù)家的情感。
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句只能用who不用that的情況
(1)當(dāng)先行詞為人稱代詞he,she,they或anyone,nobody等指人的不定代詞時(shí)。
He who plays a trick must be prepared to take a joke.
玩花招的人必定會(huì)受到戲弄。
One who puts his heart into it is sure to succeed.
專心致志的人一定會(huì)成功。
We don't want anyone who is poor to go hungry.
我們不想讓任何貧困的人挨餓。
There is nobody who has no shortcomings.
沒(méi)有缺點(diǎn)的人是沒(méi)有的。
。2)當(dāng)指人的先行詞是those,或先行詞被those所修飾時(shí)。Those/who work hard are sure to earn more money.
工作努力的人一定會(huì)掙更多的錢。
She is one of those women who always make the worst of their troubles.
她是那些老是把困難往最壞處想的'女人之一。
。3)當(dāng)指人的先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。
He is the third man who witnessed the murder.
他是這起謀殺案的第三個(gè)見(jiàn)證者。
They were the first who arrived there.
他們是到那里的第一批人。
。4)當(dāng)指人的先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句被其他成分分隔時(shí)。
The person is downstairs who you have been looking for since last year.
自去年以來(lái)你一直在找的那個(gè)人就在樓下。
He is the only doctor in this hospital who I trust.
他是這家醫(yī)院里我唯一信得過(guò)的醫(yī)生。
The litle girl was crying hard who lost her way while looking for her mother.
那個(gè)小女孩在找媽媽的途中迷了路,正哭得厲害。
(5)當(dāng)指人的先行詞由兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾(即雙重定語(yǔ)從句)時(shí),第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句只能用who/whom引導(dǎo),不能用that.而且第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞不可省略。
She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.
她是我所認(rèn)識(shí)的唯一會(huì)彈吉他的女孩。
(6)there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中先行詞指人時(shí)。
There is a beautiful girl who wants to see you.
有位漂亮的女孩想要見(jiàn)你。
There are many old ladies who like him.
有許多老太太喜歡他。
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