高三定語從句
定語從句是高中英語學習的重要語法項目之一,它的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法比較復雜,是高中階段英語學習的一個重點，分享了高三定語從句復習，一起來看看吧！
一、關(guān)系代詞用that，which引導的定語從句
1.通常只用that的情況
當先行詞為all, few, little, much, anything, nothing, everything, none等時；或者當先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級和 all, any, few, little, no, the only, the very, the last 等詞修飾時，定語從句的`關(guān)系代詞要用that；如果定語從句修飾兩個先行詞，其中一個指人，一個指物，那么定語從句的關(guān)系代詞也應用that。
2.通常只用which的情況
當引導非限制性定語從句，指物或指代前面整個句子的內(nèi)容,或放在介詞后面指物時，只能用which。
I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.
After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.
二、who，whom，whose引導的定語從句
1.如果先行詞是指人的不定代詞，如：anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, nobody, one, ones, those, all等，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時用who，作賓語時用whom/who。
2.在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞指人且作主語時用who，作賓語時用whom/who
3.在定語從句中可以作定語的關(guān)系代詞只有whose，表示物時相當于"the + 名詞 + of + which"或"of + which + the + 名詞"；表示人時相當于"the + 名詞 + of + whom"或"of +whom + the + 名詞"。
I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year.
The newly-built cafe, the walls of which are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
三、where，when，why引導的定語從句
where，when，why的意義相當于"介詞+ which"。具體而言，where 相當于 "in / at + which"，when相當于"at / in / during + which"，why相當于"for + which"。
1.關(guān)系副詞 where引導定語從句時，只能在定語從句中作地點狀語，定語從句修飾的先行詞必須是表示地點的名詞。
2.關(guān)系副詞 when引導定語從句時，只能在定語從句中作時間狀語，定語從句修飾的先行詞必須是表示時間的名詞。
3.關(guān)系副詞why引導定語從句時，只能在定語從句中作原因狀語，定語從句修飾的先行詞必須是表示原因的名詞。
The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister where she would stay for an hour.
Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
四、"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
當關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語時，就出現(xiàn)了"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)引導定語從句的現(xiàn)象。當先行詞指物時用"介詞+ which"， 指人時用 "介詞 + whom"，且關(guān)系代詞不能省略。
I saw a woman running towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction from which she had come.
五、the way后面的定語從句的引導詞
the way 作先行詞且其后定語從句的引導詞在從句中作狀語時引導詞用in which,that或者省略。
He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of importance to science. 本句中的I think 是插入語，which 引導非限制性定語從句。辨別含有插入語的定語從句正確的方法是：去掉插入語后，原句的結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。常見的插入語有： I think（suppose, believe, imagine）, in my opinion, to tell the truth等。
速判關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
做題的關(guān)鍵是把先行詞放到從句中，看它在從句中所作的成分。
1.把先行詞放到從句中后,如果不需要再添詞從句就是完整的，那先行詞就在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語（表所屬關(guān)系），此時應選擇關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose)。
2.把先行詞放到從句中后,如果需要添介詞才能使從句完整，那么先行詞在從句中作狀語，應選擇關(guān)系副詞（where作地點狀語，when作時間狀語，why作原因狀語）。
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