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關于英語過去式的用法
關于英語過去式的用法1
過去式(past tense)是英語語法的一種，表示過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態。一般過去式的動詞通常用動詞的過去式形式來表示，而動詞的過去式是在動詞原形的基礎上變化的。動詞的過去式可分為規則動詞和不規則動詞。
⒈過去發生的而已經結束的動作需要用一般過去式來表示。
⒉表示過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態。
【過去時態】表示行為、動作和狀態在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。
【過去時態結構】是指過去時態下的動詞形式的語法構成。
規則動詞
一般動詞直接加-ed，e.g.look-looked;
以e結尾的動詞直接加-d，e.g.dance-danced;
輔音字母加y結尾的，變y為i再加ed，e.g.study-studied;
以重讀閉音節結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母(字母w，y，x除外)，雙寫這個輔音字母加-ed，e.g.skip-skipped;
以l結尾的動詞，若以非重讀音節結尾，則末尾的字母l雙寫與不雙寫均可。其中不雙寫的是美式拼寫。e.g.travel-travelled/traveled(U.S.)。
部分以-p結尾的動詞同樣遵循第5條，這類詞多由“前綴+名詞”構成。e.g.worship-worshipped/worshiped(U.S.)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(U.S.)。
注：英語26個字母中，除了a，e，i，o，u這幾個元音字母外，其他都是輔音字母。
不規則動詞
動詞過去式與原形相同;
動詞過去式以-ought或-aught結尾;
動詞過去式由原形結尾的-end變為-ent;
動詞過去式以-elt，-eft，-ept結尾;
動詞過去式與原形比較，其中一個元音字母發生改變;
動詞過去式以-ew結尾;
動詞過去式-ee-變為-e-。
情態動詞
不規則情態動詞
is-was
are-weream-wasgo-wentdo，does-didbring-broughtmake-madehave-hadrun-rantell-toldeat-ateget-gotdraw-drewput -putread-readtake-tookdie-diedsee-saw
fly-flew
cut-cut
meet-met
tell-told
build-built
lend-lent
lose-lost
hear-heard
buy-bought
see-saw
choose-chose
forget-forgot
sink-sank
sing-sang
begin-began
swim-swam
ring-rang
drink-drank
fly-flew
draw-drew
lie-lay
其他變化
1.原形-過去式-過去分詞全相同
cost——cost——cost價值
cut——cut——cut切，割，砍
hit——hit——hit打
hurt——hurt——hurt傷害
read/ri:d/——read/red/——read/red/讀
put——put——put放
let——let——let讓
shut——shut——shut關
2.過去分詞與原形相同,過去式改o/u為a
become—became—become變得，成為
come—came—come來
run—ran—run跑
3.原形-過去式-過去分詞是i-a-u的變化
begin—began—begun開始
drink---drank—drunk喝
ring---rang—rung打電話
sing---sang---sung唱(歌)
swim---swam---swum游泳
4.過去分詞在原形后加-en
eat—ate---eaten吃
fall---fell—fallen落下;跌倒
5.過去式和過去分詞都去掉原形的一個e
feed---fed—fed喂養，飼養
meet---met---met碰到，見面，會面
6.過去分詞在原形后加-n
blow—blew—blown吹
grow—grew—grown種植;生長
throw---threw---thrown投;擲;扔
know---knew——known知道;懂得;認為
draw—drew—drawn畫
fly--- flew---flown飛
see --- saw --- seen看見，看到
show---showed---shown出示;給...看
give--- gave ---given給
drive---drove---driven駕駛
take---took---taken拿去;帶去
7.過去分詞以-en結尾
bite--- bit --- bitten咬
ride---rode---ridden騎(車,馬等)
write---wrote---written寫
break---broke---broken弄壞,弄破
choose--chose--chosen選擇
speak---spoke---spoken 講話;演講
wake---woke---woken使...醒來;弄醒
forget---forgot---forgotten忘記
hide---hid---hidden躲,藏
8.過去分詞以-ne結尾
do --- did --- done做,干
go --- went --- gone去
9.過去式與過去分詞都有aught結尾
catch---caught ---caught捉住;抓住
teach---taught---taught教
10.過去式和過去分詞都以-ought結尾
bring---brought---brought拿來;帶來
buy ---bought ---bought買
fight---fought---fought打架;打仗
think---thought--thought想;認為
teach---taught--taught教vt.教;教導,訓練;教授vi.教書
11.
dig ---dug ---dug挖
get ---got---got得到;獲得
sit --- sat --- sat坐下
hold---held ---held舉行;握住
shine --- shone --- shone照耀
say--- said ---said說
pay---paid---paid付賬;為...付款
make---made---made制造;制作
tell --- told --- told告訴
sell---sold---sold賣
stand --- stood --- stood站立
understand-understood-understood明白;理解
find --- found --- found發現
12.過去式和過去分詞都在原形后加d或t
hear--heard--heard聽見;聽說
mean --meant--meant意思是
13.過去式和過去分詞都以elt,eft或ept結尾
feel --- felt --- felt感覺
keep --- kept --- kept保持
sleep---slept---slept睡覺
leave --- left --- left離開
14 .
have --- had --- had有
lose --- lost --- lost丟失;迷失
build---built---built建造;建設
send --- sent --- sent寄;送
lend---lent---lent借
spend --- spent --- spent花費(時間,金錢)
15.
lie --- lay --- lain躺;位于
wear --- wore --- worn穿;戴
be ---was, were --- been是
16.只有過去式
can --- could能
may --- might可能,也許
shall---should將要
will---would將要
17.過去式和過去分詞均有兩個
burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt燃燒
dream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt做夢;夢見
learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt學會
smell--smelled/smelt--smelled/smelt聞
spell--spelled/spelt--spelled/spelt拼寫
Be動詞的'一般過去時
內容在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞，am is的過去式為was; are的過去式為were
肯定句式：主語+ be(was , were) +其它.
否定句式：主語+ be(was , were) + not +其它.
一般疑問句：Be(was , were) +主語+其它?
注：在這種構成中，be動詞有人稱和數的變化，即要根據主語選用was / were。Be動詞分為單數和復數，was是表示單數，were是表示復數。
實義動詞的一般過去時態
注：1. did和didn’t是構成一般過去時的助動詞，其特點是要在其后跟動詞的原形。
2.實意動詞do的一般過去時
肯定句要使用動詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和does的過去式did.
肯定句式：主語+動詞(過去式)+其它
否定句式：主語+ didn’t +動詞(原形)+其它【did not = didn’t】
一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞(原形)+其它【do , does的過去時均為did】?
Idomy homework every day.(用yesterday改寫句子)
Ididmy homework yesterday.
I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)
Didyoudoyour homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑問句)
情態動詞的一般過去時態
含有情態動詞的一般過去時與含有be動詞的一般過去時，是十分相似，請注意觀察。
肯定句式：主語+情態動詞+其它
否定句式：主語+情態動詞+ not +其它.
一般疑問句：情態動詞+主語+其它?
注：情態動詞的過去式：can→could , may→might , must→must，will→would，shall→should。
關于英語過去式的用法2
1.I went home after school yesterday.
2.Lily played games after class this afternoon.
3.Bob played football after school
4.Mum went shopping with my grandmother yesterday.
5.I went to the park yesterday.
6.We went hiking last month.
7.I bought this bag two hours ago.
8.I lost my pen.
9.I went to bed early yesterday.
10.I went to school by bus this morning.
11.We wore uniforms to school.
12.My parents didn't have TV when they were my age.
13.I visited my grandmother.
14.I did some sports.
15.I studied for the math test.
16.I went to the beach.
17.I played tennis.
18.He went to the movies.
19.I cleaned my room.
20.I played the guitar.
21.He came here two years ago.
22.We played basketball last week.
23.I washed my face yesterday.
24.I heard some noise outside.
25.I cried at home last night.
26.He travelled to Australia two weeks ago.
27.I caught my cat in the garden this morning.
28.She found her pen in her room.
29.I was a student three years ago.
30.I saw the film three days ago.
31.Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.
32.She lived here two years ago.
33.Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
34.I arrived in Hong Kong yesterday.
35.The examination came off yesterday.
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