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九年級下冊英語知識點歸納
九年級下冊英語知識點歸納1
1. I would rather watch TV shows than sports shows.我寧愿看電視劇而不愿看運動節目.
would rather…than…表“寧愿……而不愿”,與prefer…to…同義,但它們在結構上不同.
前者是would rather do sth. than do sth.,= would do sth. rather than do sth.…;后者是prefer doing sth. to doing sth. =prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
eg: I would rather stay at home than go out. = I prefer staying at home to going out.= I would stay at home rather than go out..=I prefer to stay at home rather go out.我寧愿呆在家中而不愿出去.
2. Was his wife still alive?他的妻子還活著嗎?
alive表“活著的”,常修飾人,而不修飾物.一般作表語或賓補.
living同義,既可修飾人,也可修飾物.在句中既可作定語也可作表語.
eg: The old woman is still alive/living.(作表語)那個老人還活著.
The king wanted to keep Gulliver alive.(作賓補)國王想讓格利佛活著.
There is no living things on Mars.(作定語)火星上沒有生物.
3. She ordered a scorpion to hide in the dark to attack him.
order sb. to do sth.命令/要求某人去做某事
order sth for sb./ sth.為某人/某物訂購某物
eg: The doctor ordered me to stay in bed.醫生命令我好好呆在床上休息.
He often orders books for his son.他經常為他的兒子訂書.
She ordered a suit for her dog.她為她的狗訂購了一套衣服.
4. However, sometimes you do not forgive others.然而,你有時不會原諒別人.
forgive sb. sth.原諒某人某事
forgive sb. for doing sth.請求別人原諒所做的事
eg: She could forgive him anything.她會原諒他的任何事.
Please forgive me for disturbing you.請原諒我打擾你了.
5. But in western countries, dogs are considered honest and good friends of humans
但是在西方國家,狗被認為是誠實的,是人類的.好朋友.
honest用作形容詞,表“誠實的;正直的” .在句中可作定語,表語或賓補.
He is an honest man. = The man is honest.
他是一個誠實的人.
固定搭配: be honest with sb.對某人坦誠相待
to be honest說實話,老實說
九年級下冊英語知識點歸納2
1. by + doing通過……方式如:by studying with a group
by還可以表示:“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期間”、“用、”“經過”、“乘車”等
如:I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock.
The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about談論,議論,討論
如:The students often talk about movie after class.學生們常常在課后討論電影。
talk to sb. === talk with sb.與某人說話
3.提建議的.句子:
①What/ how about +doing sth.?
如:What/ How about going shopping?
、赪hy don’t you + do sth.?如:Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ?如:Why not go shopping?
、躄et’s + do sth.如:Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.?如:Shall we/ I go shopping?
4. a lot許多常用于句末如:I eat a lot.我吃了許多。
5. too…to太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如:I’m too tired to say anything.我太累了,什么都不想說。
6. aloud, loud與loudly的用法
三個詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關。
①aloud是副詞,重點在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大,
常用在讀書或說話上。通常放在動詞之后。aloud沒有比較級
形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.
他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。
②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時,常與speak, talk,
laugh等動詞連用,多用于比較級,須放在動詞之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder.她讓我們說大聲一點。
③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時兩者可替換使用,但往往
含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位于動詞之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.他不當眾大聲談笑。
九年級下冊英語知識點歸納3
被動語態
、.被動語態的構成形式be+Vt.p.p.
(一).語態是英語動詞的一種形式,是用于表示主語和謂語之間的關系。英語語態分為主動語態(active voice)和被動語態(passive voice)兩種。
主動語態是表示主語是動作的執行者。如:1)Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.
被動語態是表示主語是動作的承受者。2)A sound of piano is heard in the hall.
(二)被動語態的基本時態變化
在被動語態的句子中,謂語部分的結構是be+Vtp.p.(及物動詞過去分詞)。其中be是變量,隨時態的變化而變化;動詞的過去分詞是常量,永遠不發生變化。當然,這只是指謂語部分而言。be動詞作為一個獨立的謂語動詞有自己現在分詞(being)和過去分詞(been)。那么,下面我們來看看be在各種時態中的變化形式:被動語態通常為八種時態的被動形式。以do為例,各種時態的被動語態形式為:
1)am/is/are+done(過去分詞)一般現在時
2)has/have been done現在完成時
3)am/is/are being done現在進行時
4)was/were done一般過去時
5)had been done過去完成時
6)was/were being done過去進行時
7)shall/will be done一般將來時
8)should/would be done過去將來時
、.一般來說,在我們日常生活中,能用主動語態的時候就盡量不去用被動語態。只有在下列情況中我們才用被動語態:
英語里被動語態的使用似乎比漢語要廣泛。英語的被動語態常用在下列的場合:1)當我們不知道動作的執行者的時候,如:1.Look!There’s nothing here.Everything has been taken away.
2.My car has been moved!
2)當我們不必提出動作的執行者的時候,如:I was born in 1960.
3)當我們強調或側重動作的承受者的時候,如:She is liked by everybody.
、.特殊的被動結構
1)帶情態動詞的被動結構:它的固定句式為“情態動詞+be+過去分詞”。也有個別帶to的情態動詞例外,如:ought to和have to,它們的被動結構就只能在不定式中。例如:The debt must be paid off before next month那筆債務必須在下個月前付清。
2)帶有兩個賓語的主動語態變成被動語態
將這種主動態的'句子完成被動態的句子,可選兩個賓語中的任何一個作為被動態句子的主語,而將另一個賓語作為“保留賓語”寫入被動態的句中。但有一點要說明,那就是,如果你選直接賓語作“主語”,有時要在被動態句子的“保留賓語”前加上合格的介詞。因為這些動詞常有兩種句式,即:我們可以說give sb.sth.,send sb.sth.,buy sb.sth;我們也可以說give sth to sb,send sth to sb buy sth for sb。請看下面兩種情況的對照:
She sent me a novel on my birthday.
I was sent a novel on my birthday.
A novel was sent to me on my birthday.
3)關于帶有復合賓語的主動態變成被動態
如果將帶有復合賓語(既:賓語+賓語補足語)的主動語態的句子變成被動語態的句子,我們只能選擇原來句子的賓語作被動語態句子的主語;而這時,原句里的賓語補足語現在就變成被動語態句子的“主語補足語”了。
The story made us laugh.(賓語補足語)
We were made to laugh by the story.(主語補足語)
4)在使役動詞have,make,get以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時,在主動結構中不定式to要省略,但變為被動結構時,要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組,如“動詞+介詞”,“動詞+副詞”等,也可以用于被動結構,但要把它們看作一個整體,不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
6)非謂語動詞的被動語態。v+ing形式及不定式to do也有被動語態(一般時態和完成時態)。例,I don’t like being laughed at in the public.There are two more trees to be planted.