最新新托福聽(tīng)力筆記技巧
【技巧一】文章框架
在聽(tīng)文章的時(shí)候，考生應(yīng)該慢慢梳理出文章的框架和脈絡(luò)，知道內(nèi)哪里會(huì)出現(xiàn)比較重要的內(nèi)容，而哪里又一般不是很重要。一般筆記左邊為重要內(nèi)容，右邊則是細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，而且越是往右記越是細(xì)節(jié)，當(dāng)然相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)通常也越不是很重要。基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：
Main idea
supporting idea
supporting idea
minor points, example, detail, etc.
Main idea
【技巧二】通過(guò)信號(hào)詞找到重點(diǎn)句
因?yàn)槠螺^長(zhǎng)，很多考生往往堅(jiān)持不到聽(tīng)完就放棄了，所以在訓(xùn)練時(shí)很重要的一個(gè)技巧就是培養(yǎng)將文章變短變小的能力。通過(guò)確定信號(hào)詞我們可以很快確定后面的內(nèi)容是否重要，是否需要仔細(xì)傾聽(tīng)，是否可以不聽(tīng)，從而在避免長(zhǎng)時(shí)間聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的疲勞想象。現(xiàn)將各種信號(hào)詞分類(lèi)如下：
第一：直接提示觀點(diǎn)、表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞
There are reason why
Firs... Second...Third
What I want to talk about is...
And most important,...
A major development...
Why it was so important...
A term for...
It can be defined in this way...
In other words...
In summary...
From this we see that...
We may draw the conclusion...
The thing about...
Remember that...
The important idea is that...
In addition
Moreover/furthermore/what's more
Equally important...
Next I want to mention...
That brings us to...
We'll be looking at a couple of ways to ...
第二：對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折型信號(hào)詞，提示轉(zhuǎn)折后面的內(nèi)容將非常重要
On the other hand...
On the contrary...
In contrast...
And in fact...
By comparison...
Although this may be true,...
第三：因果型、總結(jié)型信號(hào)詞，對(duì)上文往往是一種總結(jié)，后面信息往往非常重要
As a result,...
For his purpose...
Therefore/ Consequently/ Finally
In brief...
On the whole...
To conclude/ in conclusion/ in brief/
To summarize, to sum up
As I have shown/ as has been noted/ as we have seen...
第四：表強(qiáng)調(diào)的信號(hào)詞
Definitely/extremely/obviously/infact/indeed/inanycase/absolutely/positively/surprisingly/emphatically/unquestionably/ without a doubt undeniably/ without reservation...
第五：表舉例的信號(hào)詞，通常只需要記住舉例中描述的對(duì)象,以及為什么要舉例。至于細(xì)節(jié)通常可忽略不計(jì)
Fro example/ for instance/ in this case/ in another case/on this occasion/ in this situation/ take the case of/ to demonstrate/ to illustrate/ as an illustration/ such as...
【技巧三】在重點(diǎn)句中抓住關(guān)鍵詞
在確定重點(diǎn)句以后，就要盡力記下關(guān)鍵詞。經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)大量題目的分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)名詞在其中占大多數(shù)，原因很簡(jiǎn)單：如果我們是命題者，為了準(zhǔn)備四個(gè)選項(xiàng)或者填充題目，往往傾向于將原文的`某些內(nèi)容改寫(xiě)，名詞由于很難可以被其他單詞替代，所以很難被改寫(xiě)，可以幫助考生把握最重要的信息，形容詞和動(dòng)詞則分列二、三位。
重讀、重復(fù)、教師花時(shí)間較多講解的內(nèi)容就一定是出題的題眼。
【技巧四】在學(xué)術(shù)討論中學(xué)生提出的觀點(diǎn)，尤其是教師同意的觀點(diǎn)，往往成為考試的重點(diǎn)。
【技巧五】在對(duì)話題目中，請(qǐng)盡量標(biāo)記出是誰(shuí)提出的了哪一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，例如，可以使用"P"和"S"來(lái)標(biāo)記。
【技巧六】重聽(tīng)題目因?yàn)闋砍兜郊埫嬉酝獾囊馑迹越ㄗh考生盡量多對(duì)這種題目做筆記，甚至于將有疑問(wèn)的句子都寫(xiě)下來(lái)，給自己更充分的時(shí)間思考。
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