六級決勝的閱讀

　　Running a fever was once thought to be the prerogative of warmblooded creatures, whose internal temperatures are indpendent of the weather. But, as Matthew Kluger reported in “The Importance of Being Feverish” (January 1976), lizards can also develop fevers, even though there is no question that they are coldblooded. They raise their temperatures by moving into the sun or, in the case of Klugers experiments, under a sun lamp. And it seems to do them some good. Sick lizards kept in cages at feverish temperatures fare much better than their counterparts in normal and cool environments.

　　Now, fever has spread to invertebrates(無脊椎動物). Recent studies have shown that crayfish and scorpions can develop fevers. Crayfish injected with bacteria and scorpions injected with prostaglandins(前列腺素) swam and scuttled to hot areas. (Prostaglandins are hormones thought to be instrumental in the development of a fever.)

　　Evidence is also mounting that moderate fevers have their benefits, which might explain why the fever process is so widespread. Leukocytes, white blood cells that are active in fighting bacterial infections, are more mobile at febrile temperatures. And fevers reduce the amount of iron available to bacteria. That reduction, combined with high temperatures, has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth.

　　1. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Coldblooded animals can develop fevers.

　　B. There are benefits to developing fevers.

　　C. Fevers inhibit bacterial growth.

　　D. Lizards can develop fevers.

　　2. Fevers cause ____.

　　A. prostaglandins to be formed

　　B. iron to be made available to bacteria

　　C. leukocytes to be more mobile

　　D. lizards to be coldblooded animals

　　3. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Developing fever is the privilege of warm瞓looded animals, so sick lizards can not run a fever.

　　B. Invertebrates also have the ability to raise their temperature.

　　C. The internal temperatures of warm瞓looded creatures are independent of the weather, so are the coldblooded animal.

　　D. Sick lizards move into the sun to develop fever.

　　4. The passage implies that ____.

　　A. the fever process is widespread because moderate fevers have benefits

　　B. the reduction of fevers can inhibit bacterial growth

　　C. man can use sun lamp to raise lizards temperature

　　D. Crayfish injected with bacteria have a purpose for moving to hot areas

　　5. Scorpions injected with prostaglandins move to hot areas to ____.

　　A. engage in greater activity

　　B. seek out a more瞚ron environment

　　C. demonstrate that they are ill

　　D. develop a fever and fight bacterial infections

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