2017年9月公共英語一級考試模擬真題及答案

　　【第一題】

　　Antarctica and Environment

　　Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station - a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world‘s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere， Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.

　　Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States， Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet - a concern they believe the world at large should share.

　　The Transantarctic Mountain， some of them more than 14，000 feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.

　　While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica， valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9，000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges， rippled fields of sand dunes， clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds， and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.

　　Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.

　　1. What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A]Antarctica and environmental Problems.

　　[B]Antarctica： Earth‘s Early-Warning station.

　　[C]Antarctica： a Unique Observation Post.

　　[D]Antarctica： a Mysterious Place.

　　2. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?

　　[A]The western part of the continent would be disappeared.

　　[B]The western part of the continent would be reduced.

　　[C]The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.

　　[D]The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.

　　3. Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?

　　[A]Vicious wind blasts the snow away.

　　[B]It rarely snows.

　　[C]Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.

　　[D]Sand dunes.

　　4. Which of the following is true?

　　[A]The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside.

　　[B]The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.

　　[C]The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.

　　[D]The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists.

　　,

　　Vocabulary

　　1. distant-early-warning sensor 　遠距離早期報警傳感器

　　2. plateau　 高原，高地

　　3. slash 　揮砍

　　4. blast 　一陣疾風/狂風

　　5. vicious 　邪惡的，兇魔般的

　　6. gorge 　峽谷

　　7. ripple 　起伏，使起微波

　　8. sand dune 　沙丘

　　9. verdant 　綠色

　　10. extraterrestrial 　地球之外的

　　11. aura 　氣氛

　　難句譯注

　　1. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.

　　「結構簡析」see … as 把……看作。Where定從修飾Antarctic

　　答案詳解

　　1. A 　南極洲和環境問題。

　　B. 南極洲：地球最早的報警戰。

　　C.南極洲：獨一無二的觀察哨。

　　D. 南極洲：神秘的地方。三項都是總內容眾的組成部分。

　　2. D 　大陸西部成為一群島嶼。第三段“橫斷南極的山脈， 有的高達一萬四千多英尺，把這大陸分成情況各異的兩個地區。山脈以東的大陸部分是由差不多兩英里厚的冰層覆蓋的高原;山脈以西，即美洲以南的半個大陸也為冰層所覆蓋。可是，這里冰層覆蓋在大大低于海平面的巖石。如果西南極洲冰層消失，那這大陸西部將成為稀疏的島群。”

　　A. 大陸西部將小時。

　　B. 大陸西部縮小。

　　D. 大陸西部將成為分散的島嶼。

　　3. C 　因為地球變暖和狂風勁吹。在第四段：“……這些干谷甚至在寒冬季節也很少有冰雪。它們插在南維多利亞陸地的山脈中， 一度曾有從極地高原到羅斯海的深度為9000英尺的冰河。現在冰河已不存在，很可能是冰期之后一萬年間地球變暖的結果。即使落入干谷的雪也被從極地高原咆哮入海的邪惡狂風吹散了。留下來的是裸露的壯觀的峽谷，沙丘起伏的原野，被時速一百英里的大風雕刻成奇形怪狀的大礫石，形成與世隔絕的荒涼景象。”

　　A. 邪惡的狂風吹走了雪。

　　B. 它很少下雪。

　　D. 沙丘。這三項只是干谷現象的一部分。

　　4. C 他們可能為地球上綠色地區帶來了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“盡管干谷具有神秘的一面科學家卻相信他們可能為地球上蔥綠的地方帶來了希望的信息。”

　　A.干谷內什么都沒有留下。

　　B. 干谷內從沒有冰河。

　　D. 按照科學家的看法， 干谷毫無用處。

　　【第二題】

　　Contribution of Coeducation

　　Imagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only of members of own sex. How would you react? Unless there was something definitely wrong with you， you wouldn’t be too happy about it， to say the least. It is all the more surprising therefore that so many parents in the world choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children - conditions which they themselves wouldn’t put up with for one minute!

　　Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. Stuffing children’s heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. One of the chief aims of educations is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society. Now adult society is made up of men and women， so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.

　　A co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. Boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other， to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability， athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical advantage it is ( to give just a small example ) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa. When segregated， boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered. In a coeducational school， everything falls into its proper place.

　　But perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don’t grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures - airy goddesses， more like book-illustrations to a fairy-tale， than human beings. Girls don’t grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. Years of living together at school dispel illusions of this kind. There are no goddesses with freckles， pigtails， piercing voices and inky fingers. There are no romantic heroes with knobbly knees， dirty fingernails and unkempt hair. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up. These can better be overcome in a co-educational environment. Segregated schools sometimes provide the right conditions for sexual deviation. This is hardly possible under a co-educational system. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school， they are fully prepared to enter society as well-adjusted adults. They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.

　　1. What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A] only co-education can be in harmony with society.

　　[B] people are in great need of co-education.

　　[C] any form of education other than co-education is simply unthinkable.

　　[D] co-education has many features.

　　2. what does co-education offer to children?

　　[A] A society.

　　[B] A true small model of society.

　　[C] A real life.

　　[D] True version of social condition.

　　3. According to the passage， what is one of the chief aims of education?

　　[A] It is for students to acquire knowledge.

　　[B] It is to equip future citizens with scientific technology.

　　[C] It is to equip future citizens with what is required in getting a position in society.

　　[D] It is for students to get academic achievements.

　　4. Why do boys and girls in co-education have no illusion about each other?

　　[A] They live together and know each other too well.

　　[B] Years of living together at school dismiss such illusion.

　　[C] co-education encourage them to have an healthy attitude toward life.

　　[D] They are familiar with each other’s problems.

　　Vocabulary

　　1. to be in for = receive 　接受

　　He is in for punishment.　他受到懲罰。

　　2. miniature 　縮樣，雛形，微型畫

　　3. freckle　雀斑

　　4. pigtail 　鞭子

　　5. knobbly = knobby　多節的

　　6. unkempt　亂七八糟，蓬亂的

　　7. sharp focus = clear view

　　bring into focus 　使集中在焦點上，對光

　　bring into sharp focus　這里的意義是：一目了然，明顯突出

　　8. deviation 　越軌，偏離，入歧途

　　答案詳解

　　1. C 　除了男女合校，其他形式的教育簡直難以想象。答案見第一段“設想請你在一個只有你一樣性別的人存在的社會生活12年光景，你會如何反應呢?除非你本人確實有毛病，否則，你至少不會太高興。因此，世界上有那么多的父母愿意把這種不正常的環境(他們自己一分鐘都受不了的環境)強加給他們的孩子們，這太令人驚訝!”第二段講“教育的目的之一就是為未來的公民在成人社會中找一席之地，準備好需要的一切。而社會由男女組成，那分校又怎能準備?”后兩段講合校之優點，分校之缺點，具體對比突出主題。這都說明C 最合適。

　　A. 只有合校才能和社會相協調。

　　D. 合校有許多特點。這兩項文章內容涉及到，但作為最佳標題則不確切。

　　B. 人們非常需要合校。文內沒有直接談到。

　　2. B 　一個真實社會的縮影。這在第三段第一句“男女合校確實能給孩子們提供一個社會真實的縮影。”下面的內容都是圍繞這個主題而寫的具體情況。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，對比等。

　　A. 社會。

　　C. 一種真實的生活。

　　D. 真實的社會情況。都沒有B項那樣確切。

　　3. C 　為未來公民在社會上擁有一席之地，準備好所需要的一切。這在第二段“這個話題的討論必然會引出教育目的的問題。把各種知識塞進孩子頭腦遠不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是為未來公民在成人社會求得一席之地，準備好所需一切。”

　　A. 學生學到只是。

　　B. 以科技武裝未來公民。

　　C.為學生缺德學術成就。都只是知識學習的一個部分。

　　4.B 　幾年學校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中，“在學校中，幾年生活在一起消除這一類的幻想。沒有什么臉上有雀斑，梳著鞭子，涂著指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也沒有膝部有疙瘩，指甲臟兮兮，頭發亂蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明顯呈現出來的成長過程中身體上和感情上的問題，在男女合校環境中得到很好的解決。”

　　A. 他們生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太過，不是太了解而不產生幻想，而是了解情況;真人就在眼前，人就實際了，消除了幻想。

　　C. 合校鼓勵他們對生活有一種健康積極的態度。這是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的根本原因。

　　D. 他們熟悉彼此的問題。不全是消除幻想之因，而是處理問題的前奏。這在最后一段最后兩句話有說明“當學生離校的時刻來到時，他們已是很有適應性的成人，為進入社會做好了充分準備。他們已有幾年處理面臨男女的許多問題的經驗。”

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