四大發明英語口語練習

　　四大發明(the Four Great Inventions)是指中國古代對世界有巨大影響的四種發明。以下是小編整理的四大發明英語口語練習，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

　　學好英語口語：四大發明

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　　May: There are so many people that the tickets are all sold out!

　　Daniel: Luckily we got the last two.

　　May: Look, Danny. The Four Great Inventions!

　　Daniel: Gunpowder, compass, the paper making, and the printing.

　　May: I really admire those who made such great inventions!

　　Daniel: May, I dont see why they are great. They are just simple things.

　　May: They look simple today. But they were milestones in their times.

　　Daniel: Milestones? May, you must be kidding.

　　May: Just think Bill Gates, those inventions are as important as the windows system.

　　Daniel: Well, I suppose the ancient inventors made a lot of money out of them.

　　May: No, quite the contrary.

　　Daniel: Why? Didnt you say that they were milestones?

　　May: Yes, but they went to the public without any patent protection.

　　Daniel: Well, their inventors were not as clever as Bill Gates.

　　聽看學

　　阿美：人太多了，票都賣完了。

　　丹尼爾：幸好我們買了最后兩張。

　　阿美：看，丹丹，四大發明!

　　丹尼爾：火藥、指南針、造紙術和印刷術。

　　阿美：我真崇拜這些偉大的發明者。

　　丹尼爾：阿美，我不明白有什么偉大的。它們只是些很簡單的東西啊。

　　阿美：它們今天看起來很簡單。但在它們那個時代卻是里程碑。

　　丹尼爾：里程碑?阿美，你在開玩笑吧。

　　阿美：想想比爾?蓋茨，那些發明的重要性不亞于Windows 操作系統。

　　丹尼爾：我想古代的發明家們肯定從它們身上賺了不少錢吧。

　　阿美：不，恰恰相反。

　　丹尼爾：為什么?你不是說它們是里程碑嗎?

　　阿美：是啊，但是它們沒有任何專利保護就進入市場了。

　　丹尼爾：哦，它們的發明者可沒有比爾?蓋茨那么聰明啊。

　　1、四大發明常識介紹

　　The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are four inventions that are celebrated in Chinese culture for their historical significance and as signs of ancient Chinas advanced science and technology.

　　The Four Great Inventions are: The Compass，Gun powder，Papermaking，Printing.

　　These four inventions had an enormous impact on the development of Chinese civilization and a far-ranging global impact. However, some modern Chinese scholars have pointed out that other inventions in China were perhaps more sophisticated and had a greater impact – the Four Great Inventions serve merely to highlight the technological interaction between East and West.

　　Although Chinese culture is replete with lists of significant achievements (e.g. Four Great Beauties, Four Great Books of Song, Four Great Classical Novels, Five Classics, Five Elders), the concept of the Four Great Inventions originated with European scholars, and was only later adopted by the Chinese.

　　The importance of these inventions was perhaps first discussed by the British philosopher Francis Bacon (1561–1626), who in 1620 wrote: "Printing, gunpowder and the compass … whence have followed innumerable changes, in so much that no empire, no sect, no star seems to have exerted greater power and influence in human affairs than these mechanical discoveries." Bacon was likely unaware of the origins of these inventions, and was not writing of the ancient Chinese inventions but rather their Western analogs. However, his writings do show the importance of these technologies to the early-modern European world.

　　Later, Karl Marx also commented, "Gunpowder, the compass, and the printing press were the three great inventions which ushered in bourgeois society. Gunpowder blew up the knightly class, the compass discovered the world market and founded the colonies, and the printing press was the instrument of Protestantism and the regeneration of science in general; the most powerful lever for creating the intellectual prerequisites."

　　The modern list of the Four Great Inventions originated in the 19th century with the missionary and Sinologist Joseph Edkins (1823–1905). Edkins, when comparing Japan with China, noted that scholars should bear in mind that the Japanese did not have inventions as significant as papermaking, printing, the compass and gunpowder. This list was later popularized and augmented by the noted British biochemist, historian, and Sinologist Joseph Needham, who devoted the later part of his life to studying the science and civilization of ancient China.

　　2　與四大發明有關的術語

　　1．四大發明翻譯

　　四大發明 The Four Inventions

　　造紙術 paper making

　　活字印刷術 word printing

　　火藥 gun powder

　　指南針 compass

　　2．四大發明簡介

　　Compass

　　The earliest reference to a magnetic device used as a "direction finder" is in a Song Dynasty book dated to AD 1040-44. Here there is a description of an iron "south-pointing fish" floating in a bowl of water, aligning itself to the south. The device is recommended as a means of orientation "in the obscurity of the night." However, the first suspended magnetic needle compass was written of by Shen Kuo in his book of AD 1088.

　　Gunpowder

　　Fireworks were invented in ancient China in the 12th century to scare away evil spirits, as a natural extension of gunpowder of the Four Great Inventions of ancient China.

　　Papermaking

　　Papermaking has traditionally been traced to China about AD 105, when Cai Lun, an official attached to the Imperial court during the Han Dynasty (202 BC-AD 220), created a sheet of paper using mulberry and other bast fibres along with fishnets, old rags, and hemp waste. However a recent archaeological discovery has been reported from near Dunhuang of paper with writing on it dating to 8 BC.

　　Printing

　　The Chinese invention of Woodblock Printing, at some point before the first dated book in 868 (the Diamond Sutra), produced the worlds first print culture. Western printing presses, although introduced in the 16th century, were not widely used in China until the 19th century. China, along with Korea, was one of the last countries to adopt them.

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