考研英語(yǔ)翻譯需要掌握哪些解答技巧
在考研的時(shí)候，翻譯雖然不容易去攻克，得分又很難，那這也不是我們放棄的理由。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語(yǔ)翻譯的解答方法，歡迎大家前來(lái)閱讀。
考研英語(yǔ)翻譯的解答秘訣
在考研英語(yǔ)中，翻譯所占得分值雖然很小，但是它考核的方面還是很全面的，它要求你靈活的運(yùn)用單詞、語(yǔ)法和長(zhǎng)難句。下面就為大家來(lái)總結(jié)一些翻譯們的答題技巧。
一、閱讀全文，掌握文章主旨
每一篇文章是一個(gè)有機(jī)整體，我們要結(jié)合全文來(lái)進(jìn)行了解，不要著急，不能只單獨(dú)的去看其中的某一句，這種不看文章直接翻譯其中的句子，必然會(huì)造成斷章取義。當(dāng)你通讀這篇文章之后，你會(huì)對(duì)這篇文章進(jìn)行一個(gè)了解，并知道這篇文章屬于什么類型的文章，文章的類型也決定了我們翻譯時(shí)的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格。
比如你在翻譯一篇議論文的時(shí)候，你就要翻譯的正式一些，而如果你在翻譯一篇感情色彩比較濃厚的故事的時(shí)候，你就可以語(yǔ)言浪漫一些。所以小編在這就提醒同學(xué)們，在考試做閱讀的時(shí)候一定要先了解文章整體內(nèi)容，準(zhǔn)確掌握作者作者想要表達(dá)的`主題思想，還要提醒大家的就是，這里所指的通讀，不是讓你一個(gè)字一個(gè)字的去研究，而是進(jìn)行一個(gè)快速理解。畢竟考試時(shí)間有限，我們不能把過(guò)多的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在這里。
二、理解全句、劃分語(yǔ)義
在通讀全文之后，同學(xué)們要進(jìn)行地毯式理解，這里所說(shuō)的地毯式理解，就是讓同學(xué)們把這個(gè)句子的主句、從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)畫(huà)出來(lái)，分清主謂賓和定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，把主干部分和修飾部分畫(huà)出來(lái)。倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)和比較結(jié)構(gòu)式翻譯常見(jiàn)的兩大結(jié)構(gòu)，定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句是翻譯常考的3大句型。對(duì)于這三種句型和兩種結(jié)構(gòu)同學(xué)們平時(shí)一定要多加練習(xí)。
三、先打草稿，保持卷面整潔
在考試的時(shí)候，不要怕麻煩，現(xiàn)在草稿紙上謄抄一份，第一遍翻譯之后，先檢查有沒(méi)有單詞和語(yǔ)病的錯(cuò)誤，及時(shí)修改并根據(jù)文章意義和漢語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整。調(diào)整之后再謄抄在句子上，這樣還保持了卷面的美觀和整潔。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀沖刺例證題的做題要點(diǎn)
一、判斷題型
通過(guò)對(duì)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀文章題干的觀察分類例證題題干特點(diǎn)如下，當(dāng)題干中出現(xiàn)example，demonstrate，illustrate，case，story，即可判斷該題干為例證題，見(jiàn)歷年真題題干如下：
1. Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to____.
2. George Washington's dental surgery in mentioned to____.
3. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to____.
4. The statement “It never rains but it pours” is used to introduce____.
二、方法
通過(guò)對(duì)歷年真題的分析，例證題的考察主要考察的是論點(diǎn)論據(jù)的區(qū)分，即找出例子論證的論點(diǎn)。例證題可細(xì)分為兩種類型，例子在文首，例子在文中。例 子在文首時(shí)，多為了引出文章主題，主題通常緊隨例子后面;例子在文中時(shí)，多為剛剛陳述一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，接著舉例論證的情況，所以觀點(diǎn)多數(shù)情況緊隨例子前面。
例子在文首見(jiàn)歷年真題題干如下：
1.The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.
[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment
[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared
[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today
[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones
例子出現(xiàn)在文章首段，用過(guò)去式陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生在大型肉食動(dòng)物身上的事情，一段末通過(guò)now這個(gè)時(shí)間指示副詞和文章開(kāi)頭的arrived之間的對(duì)比，提出文章主題，Now something similar could be happening in the oceans。正確答案為最后首段末句的同義替換，C。
2. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to____.
[A] stress the importance of professional training.
[B] spotlight the soccer superstars at the World Cup.
[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.
[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
一段通過(guò)一個(gè)現(xiàn)象的敘述，引出二段首的觀點(diǎn)，此篇文章，主旨句特點(diǎn)比較明顯，為段首的問(wèn)句，問(wèn)題的答案即為主旨，what might account for this strange phenomenon?
三、錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
通過(guò)對(duì)真題的分析，例證題錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特征多為就事論事，混淆論點(diǎn)論據(jù)。見(jiàn)真題如下：
1. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.
[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment(文中一段例子中的細(xì)節(jié)，不可概括主題)
[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared(文中一段例子中的細(xì)節(jié)，不可概括主題)
[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today
[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones(與文中一段三句相矛盾，屬于一段例子中的細(xì)節(jié)上的反向干擾。)
綜合分析其它三個(gè)干擾選項(xiàng)特征其實(shí)一句話概括，即題干問(wèn)為什么舉例，而干擾選項(xiàng)在說(shuō)這個(gè)例子本身——就事論事，混淆論點(diǎn)論據(jù)。
2. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to____.
[A] stress the importance of professional training.
(球員出生現(xiàn)象不能夠直接強(qiáng)調(diào)職業(yè)訓(xùn)練的重要性，此處通過(guò)球員出生的例子在沒(méi)有論證的情況下，還不能得出結(jié)論，即天才是后天造就的，文章的論證 是下面的邏輯順序：球員出生現(xiàn)象的引子——原因的猜測(cè)：某些星相學(xué)玄學(xué)原因?——接著通過(guò)埃里克森的實(shí)驗(yàn)得出結(jié)論：天才是后天造就。該選項(xiàng)跳躍性太強(qiáng)，出 現(xiàn)了邏輯斷層。)
[B] spotlight the soccer superstars at the World Cup.
(例證為了引出主題：二段首，卓越的原因，而不是討論球員本身，選項(xiàng)B非作者意圖。)
[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.
[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
(文章中說(shuō)的是球員，不是球隊(duì)，屬于一段例子中的細(xì)節(jié)上的偷換概念。)
通過(guò)對(duì)干擾選項(xiàng)的觀察，B、D兩個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)都是就事論事，討論例子本身，非作者意圖，沒(méi)有分清論點(diǎn)論據(jù)。
考研英語(yǔ)作文必備常用句
1、Rapid economic growth may lead to an overextension of resources and lead to an eventual catastrophic meltdown.
經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速增長(zhǎng)可能導(dǎo)致過(guò)度使用資源，并引起最終巨大的災(zāi)難。
2、The benefits of technology are undeniable. Nonetheless, the fact that technology often negates the need for human beings in the workplace deserves careful consideration and retraining programs for affected individuals must be introduced.
技術(shù)的好處不容否認(rèn)。然而，技術(shù)經(jīng)常否認(rèn)工作場(chǎng)所需要人類，這一點(diǎn)值得仔細(xì)考慮，而且，為受到影響的個(gè)人推出再培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目是必需的。
3、Both automobiles and bicycles offer a convenient means of public conveyance, with one of the marked differences between the two centered on pollution caused by the former.
汽車和自行車都提供公共運(yùn)輸?shù)谋憷绞剑瑑烧叩娘@著區(qū)別之一在于前者引起污染。
4、Alcohol and tobacco are both highly addictive substances. However, unlike tobacco, which is known to cause cancer, studies indicate that alcohol does offer some health benefits when consumed in moderation.
酒和煙都是很容易上癮的東西。但是，研究顯示，與公認(rèn)為引起癌癥的煙不同，酒如果適量飲用確實(shí)對(duì)健康有益。
5、Idleness spawns discontent, whereas overwork leads to mental and physical exhaustion.
懶惰滋生不滿，而過(guò)度工作導(dǎo)致精神和身體的疲勞。
6、The direct correlation between self-esteem and success also applies to one''s ability to achieve.
自尊和成功的直接聯(lián)系也適用于一個(gè)人取得成就的能力。
7、The growing trend for wives to work outside the home even when their husbands are present and employed is in part a sharing of the financial burden with the husband, and in part a reflection of the need these women feel to have a measurable sense of personal worth.
越來(lái)越多的妻子到外面工作，甚至和她們的丈夫再一起工作，一方面是為了和丈夫共同承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)重?fù)?dān)，一方面反映了女性感到需要有可衡量的個(gè)人價(jià)值。
8、There's little doubt that China has spawned a new generation of Little Emperors, but the truth is that the fault rests with parents who spare the rod to spoil the child and not with children themselves.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，中國(guó)產(chǎn)生了新一代“小皇帝”，但事實(shí)是責(zé)任在于“閑了棍子，慣了孩子”的家長(zhǎng)，而不是孩子自己。
9、There's little wonder why young people often find it difficult to find an appropriate role model. No wonder they drink, smoke, fright, carouse and otherwise engage in inappropriate social behavior.
年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到合適的榜樣并不奇怪。難怪他們喝酒、抽煙、打架、狂歡作樂(lè)或者做出不當(dāng)?shù)纳鐣?huì)舉動(dòng)。
10、Factors such as self-confidence and ambition, combined with determination and willpower, contribute to eventual success or failure.
自信、雄心，加上決心和毅力等因素是造成最終的成功或失敗的原因。
同學(xué)們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了那么久，現(xiàn)在也完全不需要懷疑自己，最后這一刻我們要做的就是相信自己，相信自己的能力，我們也會(huì)是成功的先行者!
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