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2024年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類真題訓(xùn)練試題
在學(xué)習(xí)、工作中，我們最不陌生的就是試題了，試題可以幫助參考者清楚地認(rèn)識自己的知識掌握程度。相信很多朋友都需要一份能切實(shí)有效地幫助到自己的試題吧？下面是小編整理的2024年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類真題訓(xùn)練試題，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對大家有所幫助。
職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類真題訓(xùn)練試題 1
Ear Breakthrough
New research published in the journal Current Biology has added significantly to understanding of how the ear works, giving hope to millions of deaf and hard of hearing people.
The latest research, conducted by Dr. Jorg T. Albet, a Deafness Research UK research fellow at the UCL Ear Institute, together with scientists at the University of Cologne, shows that fruit flies have ears which mechanically amplify sound signals in a remarkably similar way to the sensory(感覺的)cells found in the inner ear of vertebrates(脊椎動物)including humans. The finding means that the wealth of genetic techniques already available to study the fruit fly can now be used to target how the ear works.
Dr.Albert says."The biophysical parallels between the ways both fruit flies and humans convert sound into nerve signals are truly amazing.We may be allowed to hope that these mechanistic(機(jī)械學(xué)的)similarities extend further down to the genes and molecules that bring about hearing.But even if it finally should turn out that hearing in fruit flies relies on different molecules than does hearing in humans, the little fruit fly can help us find answers to some key questions of hearing research and –what is sometimes even more important -will surely help us ask the right questions."
The work is welcomed by Deafness Research UK, the country’s only medical research charity for deaf people.Vivienne Michael, chief executive of Deafness Research UK.says," This is an important advance that paves the way toward a clear understanding of the genetics of deafness.
The charity will continue to support culling-edge(尖端的)research through its Fellowship programme at the UCI.Ear institute and at other top research centres in the UK to achieve our goal of securing audical improvements in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of all forms of hearing impairment"
There are nine million deaf and hard of hearing people in the UK and in most cases deafness results from loss of sensory cells in the inner ear known as "hair", cells.The cells can be images and lost through ageing, noise, genetic defects and certain drugs and, because the cells don’t regenerate, the result is progressive -and irreversible -hearing loss .Damage to these cells can also lead to tinnitus(耳鳴),which affects around five million people in the UK.
(單項(xiàng)選擇題)Quite a number of genetic techniques have been used_____.
A.to target how the ear works
B.to study the fruit fly
C.to stimulate sensory cells
D.to amplify sound signals
【答案】B
【考點(diǎn)】
【解析】第二段The finding means that the wealth of genetic techniques already available to study the fruit fly can now be used to target how the ear works.可知，大量經(jīng)費(fèi)用于研究果蠅的'聽力，且已經(jīng)有可應(yīng)用的成果，故選擇B。
Ebola Outbreak
1.You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are batting an Ebola Outbreak. Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals .It is now believed that bats are the primary carriers of the virus.
2. To date ,there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak :Sierra Leone ,Liberia and Guinea .However ,other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.
3.Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero .Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person .Specifically ,Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though ,the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable .
4.The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus .Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.
5.Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body .This causes an overstimulation of the bodys inflammatory response ,causing the flu-like symptoms .The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the bodys normal clotting mechanism(凝血機(jī)制)，making bleeding even more severe .Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion(器官灌注)，ultimately lead to organ failure and death.
6.The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years .While diseases such as the malaria (瘧疾)are far more communicable ,Ebola is one of the worlds most fatal viral infections. Ebolas fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.
(單項(xiàng)選擇題)The Ebola virus transmits by contact with _______.
A.infected body fluids
B.against the outbreak severity
C.the mode of transmission
D.the initial days of being infected
E.three countries in West Africa
F.within a wide range of days
【答案】A
【考點(diǎn)】
【解析】第三段中Specifically ,Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids.可知，體液的接觸是主要傳播途徑，故選則A。
職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類真題訓(xùn)練試題 2
A proverb allegedly (據(jù)說) from ancient China was widely spread in the West：“If you want to be happy for a few hours，go to get drunk;if you want the happiness to last three years，get married：if you want a lifetime happiness，take up gardening.”The reason for the last option is this：Gardening is not only useful;it helps you to identify yourself with nature，and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.
A research of a US university that I’ve read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it specifically, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one’s life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.
Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to the study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not spell gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not cherish what they already have but yearn for what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers while reluctant to settle down with the woman beside him.
Happiness is a game balancing between two ends -- what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. one’s dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that tap his ability and potentiality; one who is proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide-range communication with others; he is helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to endure sufferings and frustrations; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily chores. He is a man capable of love and passion.
1.Gardening can bring lifelong happiness because
A.it is a profitable business.
B.it can improve a gardener’s ability to remake nature.
C.a gardener can enjoy a very happy relationship in marriage.
D.nature is an unexhausted source of joy
正確答案:D
2.The research of the US university found that most people feel happy when they
A.are at leisure.
B.take the job of gardening.
C.are after their goals.
D.own great properties.
正確答案:C
3.Why does the writer mention "a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers" (Lines 5 --6, Para. 3)?
A.To demonstrate the problem in marriage in modern society.
B.To illustrate a radical way to achieve happiness.
C.To criticize those who do not value what they already have.
D.To indicate that happiness covers something besides the desire to gain
正確答案:D
4.What kind of person is more likely to be unhappy according to the study?
A.The one who has self-respect and confidence.
B.The one who is ambitious without consideration of his actual situation.
C.The one who can take pleasure in communicating with others.
D.The one who are ready to render help and accept help from others.
正確答案:B
5.What is happiness?
A.A transitory state of mind.
B.Getting everything what one desires.
C.An all-working and no-leisure life.
D.A desire based on our actual situation.
正確答案:D
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