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2017年職稱英語試題衛生A類模擬題
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第6部分：完形填空(第51——65題，每題l分，共l5分)
下面的短文有l5處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定l個最佳選項。
Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowed (結腸) Cancer
People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less 51 20 grams a day, according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out.
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478,040 men and women 52 35 to 70 from 10 European countries.
All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998, but 53 an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1,329 bowel cancers had been reported.
The subsequent analysis, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, confirms the long-held suspicion 54 high intakes (納入量) of red meat are associated with increased bowel 55 risk.
After taking into consideration factors like age, sex, height, weight, energy intake physical activity,smoking, and alcohol consumption, the investigators found that bowel cancer was 56 with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken.
Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated 57 a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a 58
Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher' risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish 59 . In addition, the risk of developing the disease was increased for 60 people who ate a low fibre diet.
Sheila Bingham, study investigator at the UK's Medical Research Council nutrition unit, said:
"People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat 61 risk of bowel cancer, but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a 62 relationship."
She added in a statement: 'the overall picture is very consistent for red and processed meat and fibre across all the 63 populations studied."
Study coordinator, Elio Riboli, of the World Health Organisation International Agency for Research into Cancer, said: "Other risk factors for 64 cancer include obesity (肥胖) and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a 65. These factors were all taken into account in the analysis.
51. A. from
B. than
C. between
D. among
52. A. aging
B. years
C. aged
D. ranging
53. A. before
B. after
C. since
D. when
54. A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. why
55. A. illness
B. cancer
C. problem
D. death
56. A. presented
B. selected
C. contrasted
D. associated
57. A with
B. into
C. for
D. against
58. A. month
B. year
C. day
D. week
59. A. habit
B. experience
C. harvest
D. intake
60. A. these
B. much
C. those
D. that
61. A. increase
B. lower
C. meet
D. show
62. A. strong
B. poor
C. weak
D. casual
63. A. Asian,
B. American
C. European
D. African
64. A. new
B. organ
C. fatal
D. bowel
65. A. factor
B. role
C. risk
D. chance
51.A。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：中國將__________第一個有關變性手術的臨床指導方針。四個選項，issue在這里做動詞使用時意為“發行，頒布”，provide意為“提供”，withdraw意為“取回，收回”，bring back意為“恢復”。四個選項代入原文，issue符合題意。
52.B。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：專家__________大約2 000名中國人已經做了變性手術，但是還有10萬到40萬人正考慮做這個手術。四個選項，boast在這里做動詞使用時意為“自夸，炫耀”，estimate意為“估測”，blame意為“責備”，offer意為“提供”。四個選項代入原文，最佳答案是estimate，因為對于無法準確測量的數字專家只能做出“估測”。
53.B。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：在指導方針草稿中，MOH給手術者和醫療機構設定了__________標準。四個選項，maximum在這里做動詞使用時意為“最大值”，minimum意為“最小值”，less意為“更少”，few意為“少的”。根據上下文的意義，衛生部提出的應該是“最低”標準。
54.A。這里考查的是固定詞組engage in“從事或者參與某項工作或者活動”。句意：參加手術者要求證明你變性的堅定決心，以及連續五年適應新性別的決心，以及術后要(參加)至少一年的心理治療。
55.c。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：參加手術者必須得到__________的手術推薦書。四個選項，physicist意為“物理學家”，chemist意為“化學家”，psychologist意為“心理學家”，geologist意為“地質學家”，根據上下文的意思來看，只有得到心理學家的許可是最合理的。
56.B。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：在開始手術前必須滿足幾項法律要求。根據上下文，法律或者法規中的條文和要求是必須遵守的，因此必須用must。
57.D。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：在手術__________前，警察局也必須同意更改__________接受手術者的身份證上的性別。四個選項，respective意為“各自的，分別的”，prospect意為“前景，展望”,expecting意為“希望的，期望的”，prospective意為“未來的，將來的，展望的”。四個選項代入原文，prospective符合題意。
58.C。這里考查的是固定詞組take place“發生，進行，舉行”。句意：在手術進行前，警察局也必須同意更改將要接受手術者的身份證上的性別。
59.B。這里考查的是固定詞組be believed to“確信”。句意：這個指導方針的出現確實體現了政府對一小部分人想要變性的需求的關注。
60.A。這里考查的是固定詞組be concemed about“憂慮，擔心”，而concerned with是指“關心，感興趣”。句意：這個指導方針的出現確實體現了政府對一小部分人想要變性的需求的關注。
61.D。這里考查的是固定詞組a number of,表示“若干，不少，許多”，用在可數名詞前。句意：這個指導方針的出現確實體現了政府對一小部分人想要變性的需求的關注。
62.c。這里考查的是固定詞組due to，表示“因為，由于”。句意：因為手術帶來的社會和法律影響，所以變性手術不僅僅是個醫療程序。
63.B。這里是對分詞的考查。句意：醫生需要給那些__________變性的手術者說清楚一點，那就是他們也可以選擇繼續保持原有的性別。在本句中，用seek的現在分詞形式充當名詞的定語，意為“尋求變性手術的那些人”。其他三個選項都是動詞的限定形式，都是充當謂語的，因此不符合要求。(分詞的相關知識具體見本套書的系列叢書《每天1小時4周攻克職稱英語周計劃衛生類》中有關分詞的【備考助手】。)
64.D。這里是對詞匯的考查。句意：指導方針要求醫生告訴手術者其他的選擇，__________荷爾蒙治療。such as用于舉例說明的場合;as表示“像……一樣”，后面跟謂詞短語;as such強調某事的程度或者結果，表示“如此……以致……”。
65.A。這里考查的是固定詞組in the long run，表示“從長遠的觀點來看，最終”。句意：從長遠來看，手術本身對手術者并不是個大問題。
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