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2017職稱英語《綜合A》完形填空試題及答案
完形填空題
part A
The Greatest Mystery of Whales
The whale is a mammal (哺乳動物) --warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them--and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this.
__________ (1) front flippers (鰭肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.
Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling __________ (2) has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reposed to have __________ (3) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the __________ (4) of eight knots.
An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous__________(5) of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk__________(6) the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled (扭曲變形) in the same way. Sperm whales were known to__________(7) the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.
The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale can __________(8) the bosom for his favorite food, the octopus (章魚). __________(9) that search he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds to the square inch. Doing__________(10) he will remain submerged (水下的 ) as long as one hour. Two feats (絕技) are involved in this: storing up enough __________ (11) (all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just__________(12) he does it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And__________ (13) is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But __________(14) you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one __________(15) just how these things work.
1.A. Their
B. It's
C. Theirs
D. Its
2.A. strength
B. width
C. height
D. length
3.A. eaten
B. crashed
C. towed (拖)
D. lifted
4.A. distance
B. rate
C. voyage
D. sail
5.A. picture
B. film
C. example
D. book
6.A. offB. of C. aboveD. over
7.A. hit
B. seize
C. damage
D. kick
8.A. fly to
B. jump on
C. dive to
D. crawl on
9.A. In
B. On
C. By
D. At
10. A. so
B. such
C. above
D. the same
11. A. water
B. oxygen
C. energy
D. heat
12. A. what
B. who
C. how
D. which
13. A. it
B. he
C. she
D. there
14. A. because of
B. due to
C. since
D. owing to
15. A. communicates
B. knows
C. hears
D. develops
part B
Something Men Do Not Like to Do
Eric Brown hates shopping. "It's just not enjoyable to me," said the 28-year-old Chicago man who was carrying several shopping bags along the city's main street, Michigan Avenue. "When I'm out__________(1), I basically know what I want to get. I rush in. I buy it. I __________ (2). "
Common wisdom says that guys hate to Shop. You can ask generations of men. But people who study shopping say that a number of social, cultural and economic factors are now__________(3) this "men-hate-to-shop" notion.
" __________ (4) social class, ethnicity, age, men say they hate to shop," says Sharon Zukin, a City University of New York sociology professor. "Yet when you ask them deeper questions, it turns out that they __________ (5) to shop. Men generally like to shop for __________ .(6), music and hardware. But if you ask them about the shopping they do for books or music, they'll say "Well, that's not shopping. That's __________ (7)."
In other words, what men and women call "buying things" and how they approach that task are __________ (8).
Women will__________(9) through several 1,000-square-metre stores in search of the perfect party dress. Men will wander through 100 Intemet sites in search of the__________(10)digital camcorder.
Women see shopping as a social event. Men see it as a mission or a__________(11) to be won.
"Men are frequently shopping to win," says Mary Ann McGrath, a marketing professor at Loyola University of Chicago. "They want to get the best deal. They want to get the best one. The last one and if they do that it__________(12) them happy."
When women shop, "they're doing it in a way where they want__________(13) to be very happy," says McGrath. "They're kind of shopping for love."
In fact, it is in clothing where we see a male-female__________(14) most clearly. Why,grumble some men, are all male clothes navy, grey, black or brown? But would they wear Light green and pink?
These days, many guys wear a sort of "uniform", says Paco Underhill, author of "Why We Buy", "It's been hard for them to understand what it means to be fashion-conscious in a business way. It becomes much, much easier if you (15) your range of choices."
1.A. playing
B. fishing
C. shopping
D. traveling
2.A. get out
B. stay in
C. look round
D. move about
3.A. confirming
B. challenging
C. proving
D. supporting
4.A. Regardless of
B. Because of
C. Owing to
D. Thanks to
5.A. want
B. like
C. hate
D. hope
6.A. coats
B. pants
C. socks
D. books
7.A. relaxation
B. rest
C. exercise
D. research
8.A. similar
B. inclusive
C. contradictory
D. different
9.A. wander
B. go
C. walk D. run
10. A. cheap
B. fashionable
C. presentable
D. perfect
11. A. task
B. play
C. game
D. destination
12. A. brings
B. causes
C. makes
D. keeps
13. A. everybody
B. nobody
C. anybody
D. no one
14. A. competition
B. comparison
C. division
D. confrontation
15. A. broaden
B. expand
C. extend
D. narrow
part C
Racial Prejudice
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences, and this is not even questioned. There are countries __________ (1) the white man imposes his rule by brute (粗暴的) force, there are countries where the black man protests by. __________(2) fire to cities and by looting and pillaging ( 搶劫 ). Important people on both sides, who would appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in __________(3) of violence as if it were a legitimate (合法的) solution,__________ (4) any other. What is really frightening, what really __________(5) you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch (關鍵時刻) , we have made no actual__________ (6) at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded__________(7) of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that __________(8) never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the blood and the suffering__________ (9) nothing. No solution ever comes to __________(10) the morning after when we dismally (陰郁地) contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
The truly reasonable men who__________ (11) where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted__________ (12) their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into __________(13) acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at __________ (14) up the slums and ghettos (貧民窟) , improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would not have gone a long way to __________(15) at a solution.
1. A. when
B. why
C. where
D. what
2. A. catching
B. setting
C. fighting
D. returning
3. A. memory
B. spite
C. favor
D. need
4. A. through
B. as
C. to
D. like
5. A. puts
B. forces
C. sets
D. fills
6. A. decision
B. point
C. sense
D. progress
7. A. system
B. range
C. history
D. business
8. A. argument
B. talk
C. violence
D. research
9. A. mean
B. have
C. want
D. deal
10. A. end
B. light
C. mind
D. life
11. A. consider
B. know
C. suggest
D. demand
12. A. for
B. with
C. by
D. of
13. A. lawful
B. violent
C. symbolic
D. final
14. A. cleaning
B. looking
C. taking
D. getting
15. A. arriving
B. meeting
C. laughing
D. starting
答案與解析
part A
1.D。從上下文語境看，這里要填入的只是一個物主代詞，即指出是誰的front flippers。前面在談whale時用的是單數，所以這里要用單數的代詞its。
2.A。本句是說，鯨魚的力氣之大，藍鯨的拉力估計可達400馬力。除了strength，其他三個選項和力氣無關，分別是寬度、高度和長度。
3.c。本句是說，藍鯨的巨大拉力表現在它能拉得動一艘捕鯨船，所以這里需要填入一個表示“拉”或“拖”的動詞。
4.B。本句是說，藍鯨能以什么速度來拖這條捕鯨船。在四個選項中只有rate的意思是“速度”，和speed同義。
5.C。本句是說，發怒的鯨魚會對船發動攻擊。下面舉例說明，所以選example。
6.A。表示在離開海岸不遠處用介詞off。
7.B。從上下文語境看，in their iaws這個短語決定了這里只可能用seize這個動詞。鯨魚把古代的捕鯨船咬在嘴里，然后把它咬碎。
8.c。從上下文語境看，這里在講鯨魚潛水的本領，所以選c。其他選項fly(飛)，iump(跳)，crawl(爬)，這三個動作都不是鯨魚能做的。
9.A。這里考查習慣搭配，search前面的介詞用in。inthat search意為“在這一搜尋過程中”。
10.A。so用來代替前面所說過的一個動作。這里它指的是sperm whale為了覓食潛至海底3200英尺處。
11.B。store up的意思是“儲存”。從上下文語境看，由于鯨魚要在深海中停留一小時，它當然要有儲存氧氣的本領，所以這里要填入的是oxygen。
12.c。本句是說，科學家只知道鯨魚有儲存氧氣和抵御壓力的絕技，但它究竟是怎么做到這一點的，他們卻還不知道。注意這個句子里的賓語從句被移到前面來了。正常的語序是：Scientists have not determined how he does it.
13.A。這里用的是it is believed that…句型。it是形式主語，指代后面的that從句。這個that從句是一個主語從句。
14.C。這里缺少的顯然是一個連接詞，因為后面是一個從句而不是短語。在四個選項中只有since是連接詞，另外三個選項都是復合介詞，后面都跟名詞，不能跟一個句子。
15.B。從上下文語境看，既然你無法把一條活的鯨魚搬到實驗室里來研究，自然沒有人知道這到底是怎么一回事。根據意思可知此處選knows。
part B
1.C。第一段第一個句子是主題句，說的是：Eric Brown討厭買東西。因此shoppin9是合適的選擇。
2.A。語境是這樣的：當我出去買東西時，我基本上已經知道我要買什么了。我會沖進去，買了后__________。顯然，填入get out(出去)是連貫的。stay in是“在家里待著”，look round是“環顧”，move about是“閑蕩”，不難看出，這些都不是合適的選擇。
3.B。第二段的第一個句子說的是：一般認為，男人討厭買東西。第三段第四句的起始詞是“But”，它告訴我們意思將發生轉折，因而challengin9是合適的選擇。confirming是“確認”的意思，proving是“證明”，supportin9是“支持”。
4.A。第三段的第一個句子引自紐約城市大學社會學教授Sharon Zukin的話，大意是：__________在社會階層、種族特點以及年齡上是有差異的，男人都說他們討厭買東西。可以看出，合適的選擇是Regardless of(不管)，“Because of”“0wingto”“Thanks to”都表示“由于”，插入后意思上是不連貫的。
5.B。緊接著第三段第一個句子的后一個句子由Yet起始，這個詞提示我們由它引導的句子在意思上跟上一個句子構成對比。由于上一個句子說的是“男人們討厭買東西”，那么這個句子應當說的是男人們實際上是喜歡買東西的。因此，like是合適的選擇。
6.D。從下文的music(音樂)，hardware(硬件)判斷，coats(外套)，pants(褲子)，socks(襪子)都不是合適的選擇，因為它們都不能與music和hardware構成一個比較自然的類別，所以唯有books是合適的選擇。另外，緊隨其后的一句話中也出現了books這個詞，這是提示。
7.D。該題問的是：男人們不把買書和音樂制品看作是購物，那么他們把它看作是什么呢?從下面的三段提供的信息來看，research(研究)比relaxation(放松)，rest(休息)，exercise(鍛煉)更合適一點。
8.D。本空所在的句子實際上是對前面文章的總結。所以合適的選擇是different。similar(相似的)、contradictory(矛盾的)和inclusive(兼容的)都不構成答案。
9.A。買東西是需要來回看的，這是常識。另外，緊隨其后的句子中也用了wander(漫游)這個詞。
10.D。上文中出現了perfect(完美的)。注意：文章始終在把男人與女人做比較。因此此處也應用perfect。
11.D。注意緊隨其后的動詞不定式to be won(贏得)，此處只能是game(游戲)。
12.C。這個句子要表達的是：這會使得他們快樂。makes是正確的。如果用brings，需改原文：it brings them happiness或it brings happiness to them;如果用causes，也需改原文：it causes them to become happy;it keeps them happy是可以的，但它的意思是他們原來就快樂，但是是否事實如此?文章沒有說。
13.A。nobody，no one和anybody用于否定意義。但該句提供的不是一種否定的語境，因此，正確的選擇是everybody。
14.C。至此文章都是在說男女之間的差別，因而division是理想的選擇。整個句子說的是：事實上，在服裝方面最能清楚地把男女區分開來。competition是“競爭”，comparison是“比較”，confrontation是“對抗”。
15.D。對許多男人來說，選擇的范圍越窄，買衣服越方便。因此narrow(窄)是合適的選擇。
part C
1.C。這里考查的是定語從句，具體參見“備考助手”。從原句看，名詞countries后跟了一個從句，這就是定語從句，根據定語從句的還原法，country在從句中做狀語，所以用
where來引導。
2.B。這里考查的是固定短語set fire to(放火，點燃)。
3.C。這里考查的是固定短語in favor of意為“支持，贊同”， in memory of意為“紀念”，in spite of意為“盡管”， inneedof意為“需要”。從上下文的語境來看，那些矛盾雙方的要人看似都很明事理，卻__________暴力手段，仿佛它是合法的解決措施。in favor of貼合語境。
4.D。從上下文語境來看，like(像)貼合語境。
5.D。這里考查的是固定搭配fillAwith B(用B塞滿A，A充滿了B)。
6.D。從上下文語境來看，盡管矛盾雙方的要人都支持暴力手段，但是真正讓我害怕和失望的是我們意識到在關鍵時刻，我們使用暴力實際上沒有任何的__________。四個選項decision(決定)，point(點，意義)，sense(感覺，意義)，progress(進展，進步)分別代入，可知progress符合語境。
7.C。從上下文語境來看，人類整個有記錄的__________表明那些無休止的暴力沒有教給我們任何東西。四個選項system(體制，系統)，range(范圍)，history(歷史)，business(生意，事務，公司)分別代入，history符合語境。
8.C。從上下文語境來看，我們還不明白__________不能解決任何問題，只會讓問題更尖銳。全文在講violence，所以答案為C。
9.A。從上下文語境來看，我們還不明白暴力不能解決任何問題，只會讓問題更尖銳。恐懼、流血和災難毫無意義。四個選項中，mean符合語境。
10.B。從上下文語境來看，沒有什么解決措施能__________早晨，在我們陰郁地沉思于戰爭的硝煙以及追問到底什么打擊了我們的時候。這里用的是比喻的手法，lightthemornin9本意為“點亮清晨”，實際是指給沖突帶來光明，所以正確答案為B。
11.B。從上下文的語境來看，那些真正__________解決措施在哪里的人發現很難讓人聽他們的意見。四個選項中只有know(知道)最符合語境。
12.C。這里是考查被動語態，所以選擇by。
13.B。從上下文的語境來看，如果把用于.行動的一半的力氣用于好的方面，如果我們努力去貧民窟，努力改善生活條件，努力給所有人提供良好的教育和就業，我們將不用走彎路來__________解決措施。顯然是指把那些投入暴力行動的力氣用在好的方面，所以答案為B。
14.A。語境同上。選項clear up意為“清理，整理”，look up意為“仰望，查閱”，take up意為“從事，占據”;9et up意為“起床”。clear up貼合語境。
15.A。語境同上。只有arrive和laugh搭配at，arrive at意為“達到，到達”，laugh at意為“嘲笑”，顯然正確答案為A。
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