2017英語四級閱讀練習(xí)
引導(dǎo)語：想要提高英語閱讀水平，唯有多練習(xí)，以下是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的2017英語四級閱讀練習(xí)，歡迎閱讀!
閱讀一
There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work，just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine(內(nèi)燃機(jī))has something to do with burning fuel， expanding gases and pistons (活塞)being driven.For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further，students might be helped by a course that considers the computer‘s impact on society.But that is not what is meant by computer literacy.For computer literacy is not a formof literacy (讀寫能力);it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.
Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities.A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers.But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who havechosen programming as a career.While programming can be lots of fun，and while our society needs some people who are experts at it，the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.
Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult，and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”。Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen.What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car”，that is，it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that，once acquired，enable one to use a computer.
In fact，“learning to use a computer” is much more like “learning to play a game”，but learning the rulesof one game may not help you play a second game，whose rules may not be the same.There is no such a thingas teaching someone how to use a computer.One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.To be the competent citizens of tomorrow，people should _______.
A.try to lay a solid foundation in computer science
B.be aware of how the things that they use do what they do
C.learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills
D.understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car
2.In the second paragraph“auto repair”and“violin-making”are mentioned to show that _______ .
A.programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin
B.our society needs experts in different fields
C.violin making requires as much skill as computer programming
D.people who can use a computer don‘t necessarily have to know computer programming
3.Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because _______ .
A.programs are becoming less complicated
B.programs are designed to be convenient to users
C.programming is becoming easier and easier
D.programs are becoming readily available to computer users
4.According to the author，the phrase“learning to use a computer”(Lines3，4，Para.3) means learning _______.
A.a set of rules B. the fundamentals of computer science
C.specific programs D. general principles of programming
5.The author‘s purpose in writing this passage is _______.
A.to stress the impact of the computer on society
B.to explain the concept of computer literacy
C.to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow
D.to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job
答案及解析：
1.[C] 推理判斷題。第2段提到未來有能力的人應(yīng)該從恐懼中解脫出來，第3段則提到學(xué)習(xí)計算機(jī)則就像是“學(xué)開車”一樣，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可知有能力的人只需要通過掌握技能學(xué)習(xí)計算機(jī)即可，而不必學(xué)習(xí)編程，故C正確。
2.[D] 詞義理解題。在第2段中，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般人只需學(xué)會使用計算機(jī)，而不必學(xué)會編程，最后指出這與“汽車修理”和“小提琴制作”一樣，可見作者提到“汽車修理”(類似一般人使用計算機(jī))和“小提琴創(chuàng)作”(數(shù)似于電 腦專業(yè)人員編程)還是為了說明上文的觀點，故D正確。
3.[B] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。第3段首句提到學(xué)習(xí)使用計算機(jī)越來越容易的原因是計算機(jī)編程變得更user-friendly， B中的convenient to users與此相符，故正確。
4.[C] 句意理解題。第4段指出教人學(xué)習(xí)使用計算機(jī)就是教人use this or that program，故C與此相符。
5.[B] 主旨大意題。本文圍繞學(xué)生應(yīng)如何學(xué)習(xí)計算機(jī)，闡述計算機(jī)能力(computer literacy)的概念;它只是一種技能，故B正確。A、C、D均只是利用文中的片言只語拼湊而成的干擾項，不足以概括文章大意。
閱讀二
When families gather for Christmas dinner，some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma‘s generation.Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver，and the dress code will be Sunday-best.
But in many other homes，this china——and——silver elegance has given way to stoneware (粗陶)——and——stainless informality，with dresses assuming an equally casual——Friday look.For hosts and guests， the change means greater simplicity and comfort.For makers of fine china in Britain，it spells economic hard times.
Last week Royal Doulton，the largest employer in Stoke-onTrent，announced that it is eliminating 1，000 jobs——one-fifth of its total workforce.That brings to more than 4，000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region.Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing，the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts.A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”toward casual dining. Families eat together less often，he explained，and more people eat alone，either because they are single or they eat in front of television.
Even dinner parties，if they happen at all，have gone causal.In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules，busy hosts insist，rightly，that it‘s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates inthe family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party.Too often，the perfect moment never comes，Iron a fine-pattened tablecloth? Forget it.Polish the silver? Who has time?
Yet the loss of formality has its down side.The fine points of etiquette(禮節(jié)) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents(“Chew with your mouth closed.”“keep your elbows off the table.”)must be picked up elsewhere.Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.The trend toward casual dining has resulted in ______
A.bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers
B.Shrinking of the pottery industry
C.restructuring of large enterprises
D.Economic recession in Great Britain
2.Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?
A.Family members need more time to relax.
B.Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.
C.People want to practice economy in times of scarcity.
D.Young people won‘t follow the etiquette of the older generation.
3.It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is _______
A.a retailer of stainless steel tableware
B.a dealer in stoneware
C.a pottery chain store
D.a producer of fine china
4.The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _______
A.the increased value of the pound
B.the economic recession in Asia
C.the change in people‘s way of life
D.the fierce competition at home and abroad
5.Refined table manners， though less popular than before in current social life， _______
A.are still a must on certain occasions
B.are bound to return sooner or later
C.are still being taught by parents at home
D.Can help improve personal relationships
答案及解析：
1.[B] 推理判斷題。首先依據(jù)題目中的casual dining找到第2段中的informality.其后有兩個for引導(dǎo)的介詞短語，后一個說“對于英國精致瓷器的制造商來說，這(informality)意味著經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時期”;此外，第3段用數(shù)據(jù)具體指出陶瓷業(yè)裁員之嚴(yán)重，說明陶瓷業(yè)在萎縮，即B.A、D均屬夸大事實，C與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)。
2.[B] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第2段第2句中指出現(xiàn)今休閑文化流行的背景：工作時間長，家庭生活節(jié)奏緊張，B中的 Busy schedules與文中的demanding family schedules對應(yīng)，故為答案。
3.[D] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。Royal Doulton在文章中出現(xiàn)過兩次：第3段說它裁員，因為人們用餐越來越隨意(不再講究餐具的精致);第 4 段中“A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company……”，暗示公司的性質(zhì)，可以推斷它是精制器皿的生產(chǎn)者。
4.[C] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的the layoffs找到文章第4段首句，其中的have their roots in相當(dāng)于題目中的main cause is，shifts相當(dāng)于C中的change.其實本題與第1題是交叉相關(guān)的，從第1題的題目可找到本題的答案。
5.[A] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段，特別是第2句“The fine points of etiquette…… must be picked up elsewhere良好的餐桌禮儀必須在其他地方被重拾起來”，可知禮儀在某些場合還是必要的，故答案為A.
閱讀三
In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child‘s acquisition (學(xué)會) of each new skill- the first spoken words，the first independent steps，or the beginning of reading and writing.It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads.On the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children.Some may be especially strict in money matters.Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals.In general，the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child‘s own happiness.
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing child，consistency is very important in parental teaching.To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德)。Also，parents should realize that “ example is better than precept ”。If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(說教)，their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves，and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents‘ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.Eagerly watching the child‘s acquisition of new skill ______
A.can be avoided
B.is universal among parents
C.sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D.will make him lose interest in learning new things
2.In the process of children‘s learning new skills parents ________
A.should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B.should not expect too much of them
C.should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D.should creative as many learning opportunities as possible
3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________
A.parents should be strict with their children
B.parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community.
C.parental restrictions vary， and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone.
D.parental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation.
4.The word “precept” (Line3， Para.3) probably means “_______”
A.Idea
B.punishment
C.behavior
D.instruction
5.In moral matters， parents should ________
A.observe the rules themselves
B.be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C.forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D.consistently ensure the security of their children
答案及解析：
1.[B] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。第1段第1句中的every parent，often等詞表明這種做法在父母中是非常普遍的，顯然B與之相符。A說法無原文依據(jù)，且由原文可看出題干所述現(xiàn)象是很難避免的;C中dangerous—詞在原文中本是修飾其他情緒，故C不符;D是過多地讓孩子自己一個獨(dú)處的后果，不是題干所述行為的后果。
2.[C] 推理判斷題。第1段第2句說明父母逼得太過分，應(yīng)避免。最后一句則說明對小孩太放任自流同樣不利。由這兩點，我們可以做出如下判斷：父母對孩子的“嚴(yán)”和“松”之間有一個恰當(dāng)?shù)?ldquo;度”。C與之相符。
3.[C] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第2段表明：不同的家長對孩子的管制程度不同;家長對小孩的管制不僅是為了孩子個人的幸福，也反映了父母的需要以及社區(qū)的價值觀，故C與原文相符。
4.[D] 詞義理解題。由precept所在句可猜測precept應(yīng)與example相對，且與下文的preach意思相近，故D正確。
5.[A] 推理判斷題。第3段提到父母應(yīng)該避免講一套做一套，結(jié)合最后一段可得出結(jié)論：關(guān)于思想道德教育問題，父母應(yīng)以身作則，帶頭遵循，故A正確。
閱讀四
Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality，but when it comes to mycollege education I am an idealist and a fool.In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and，of course，any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department，famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that‘s not what I did.
I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts(文科)university that doesn‘t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously，this was not a practical choice;I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career.I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science orengineering. My parents，teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice.They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years，and I believed them.
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn‘t care if you have values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer：technical genius and sensitive humanist(人文學(xué)者)all in one.
Now I‘m not so sure.Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality，as all noble ideals eventually do.After three years of struggling to balance math，physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses，I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(協(xié)調(diào)) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.
The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don‘t mix as easily as I assumed in high school.Individually they shape a person in very different ways;together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ________.
A.intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
B.wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
C.intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
D.wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
2.According to the author，by interacting with people who study liberal arts， engineering students can ________.
A.broaden their horizons
B.become noble idealists
C.receive guidance in their careers
D.balance engineering and the liberal arts
3.In the eyes of the author，a successful engineering student is expected ________.
A.to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
B.to be a technical genius with a wide vision
C.to have an excellent academic record
D.to be wise and mature
4.The author‘s experience shows that he was ________.
A.creative
B.irrational
C.ambitious
D.Unrealistic
5.The word“they”in“together they threaten to confuse.”(Line 3，Para. 5) refers to ________.
A.practicality and rationality
B.engineering and the liberal arts
C.reality and noble ideals
D.flexibility and a value system
答案及解析：
1.[C] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中第2段第3、4句的具體說明以及第3段末句的概括說明“我將成為一個完整的工程師：集理性的技術(shù)天才和感性的人文學(xué)者于一體。”可知C正確。
2.[A] 事實推理題。由文章第2段第4句“我想通過與非理工科的同學(xué)的相互交往來開闊我的視野”，可推斷出A正確。其他均無原文依據(jù)或斷章取義。
3.[B] 事實推理題。第3段最后一句說，“我將成為一個完整的工程師：集技術(shù)天才和人文學(xué)者于一體”，B“成為視野寬闊的技術(shù)天才”與原文相符，故選B.A、C、D均無原文支持或斷章取義。
4.[D] 事實推理題。根據(jù)第4段第2句“我的崇髙理想與現(xiàn)實發(fā)生了沖突”，以及下文對于作者在協(xié)調(diào)文理科之間的困難可知，原文的想法是不現(xiàn)實的，故可推斷D正確。
5.[B] 詞義理解題。they—般指代前一句話中的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)最后一段的第1、2句“…engineering and the liberal arts simply don‘t mix as easily…together they threaten to confuse”可以推斷，they指的是engineering and the liberal arts.
閱讀五
It‘s very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多樣化)is taking place.It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund，we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的) leaders;none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity.In fact，they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place，diversity.In fact，they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place，diversity is an imperative.They also say that the need for talented，skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees.And in looking at where birth rates are growing andat where the population is shifting， corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promotingpolicies that help provide skills to more minorities，more women and more immigrants.Corporate leaders know that if that does not occur in our society，they will not have the engineers，the scientists，the lawyers，or the business managers they will need.
Likewise，I don‘t hear people in the academy saying.“Let’s go backward.Let‘s go back to the good old days，when we had a meritocracy(不拘一格選人才)” (which was never true-we never had a meritocracy，although we’ve come closer to it in the last 30 years.) I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years.I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time，and she remembers that when she first joined the community，there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus.Now，all of us feel the university is betterbecause corporate board rooms or on college campuses.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.The word“imperative”(Line5，Para.1) most probably refers to something _____
A.Superficial
B.remarkable
C.debatable
D.essential
2.Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?
A.Minorities.
B.Politicians.
C.Professors.
D.Managers.
3.High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to ______
A.lower the rate of unemployment
B.win equal political rights for minorities
C.be competitive in the world market
D.satisfy the demands of a growing population
4.It can be inferred from the passage that _____
A.meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
B.American political circles will not accept diversity
C.it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U.S. Media
D.minorities can only enter the fields were no debate is heard about diversity
5.According to the passage diversity can be achieved in American society by ____
A.expanding the pool of potential employees
B.promoting policies that provide skills to employees
C.training more engineers， scientists lawyers and business managers
D.providing education for all regardless of race or sex
答案及解析：
1.[D] 詞義理解題。本句說到公司要在地球村和全球市場上競爭，多樣性是imperative，由前文“沒有取消引起多樣性的手段”和下文提到的公司對各種各樣有技能的美國人的需求可知，多樣性對于企業(yè)來說應(yīng)該“必需的”故D正確。
2.[B] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。第2段末句指出這種辯論主要存在于政治圈和媒體中，結(jié)合上句內(nèi)容，可知其中的this debate指的就是關(guān)于多樣性的辯論，故B正確。
3.[C] 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由第1段第4句可知，公司高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人促進(jìn)多樣化的原因是想要在全球市場上更具競爭力，C與此相符。
4.[A] 推理判斷題。第2段中提到有些人認(rèn)為在沒有多樣性的過去照樣能做到不拘—格選人才，但作者馬上which was never true否定此觀點，故A正確。第2段只提到多樣性的辯論存在于政治圈和媒體，但并不代 表在這兩個圈子里不能接受或從未出現(xiàn)多樣性，故排除B、C;D說法過于絕對，且在文中找不到依據(jù)，也可排除。
5.[D] 推理判斷埋。由第1段倒數(shù)第2句可知企業(yè)expand the pool就意味著向more minorities，more women 和 more immigrants提供技能培訓(xùn)，而expand the pool對應(yīng)的就是題干中的說的多樣性的形成，D中的race 和sex分別對文中minorities和women，故正確。A泛泛而談，沒有說到點子上，不如D具體、準(zhǔn)確;B與多樣性沒有關(guān)系，C是利用文中的有關(guān)職業(yè)的詞拼湊而成的干擾項。
【英語四級閱讀練習(xí)】相關(guān)文章：
大學(xué)英語四級閱讀練習(xí)06-01
四級英語閱讀理解練習(xí)題06-05
專業(yè)英語四級閱讀練習(xí)09-14
英語四級閱讀練習(xí)及答案分析09-07
四級英語閱讀模擬練習(xí)題10-15
英語四級閱讀練習(xí)題08-11
英語四級閱讀題練習(xí)201709-28
英語四級閱讀練習(xí)及答案201709-08